【摘要】：目的:探討大學(xué)新生的自我同一性、人格特點與心理健康的關(guān)系,為高校的心理健康教育提供依據(jù)。方法:使用中國大學(xué)生心理健康量表和人格量表、大學(xué)生自我同一性狀態(tài)量表對198名大學(xué)新生進行問卷調(diào)查。結(jié)果:①醫(yī)學(xué)新生中處于成就型同一狀態(tài)的人最多(43.1%),其次是彌散型(30.9%)。②男生的成就型同一狀態(tài)得分高于女生(60.7±13.8/53.9±11.4,P0.001),男生更為堅韌、利他、隨和(45.2±6.2/43.1±6.0,23.1±5.6/20.2±5.7,27.4±3.4/26.2±3.3,P≤0.01),強迫癥狀更明顯(16.7±5.7/15.1±4.8,P=0.025);獨生子女較非獨生子女更多地處于成就型同一狀態(tài)(59.2±12.1/54.5±14.0,P=0.017),更為活躍(53.0±8.8/49.3±10.0,P=0.005),心理癥狀得分與非獨生子女無顯著差異(P0.406)。③成就型同一性與抑郁、依賴呈負相關(guān)(r=-0.17～-0.24);彌散型與抑郁、社交退縮、依賴、沖動呈正相關(guān)(r=0.15～0.34)。④活躍、隨和、堅韌與幾乎全部維度的心理癥狀呈負相關(guān)(r=- 0.16～-0.56)。結(jié)論:醫(yī)學(xué)新生有近半處于成就型同一狀態(tài),促進大學(xué)新生形成成就型的自我同一狀態(tài),培養(yǎng)活躍、隨和、堅韌的人格品質(zhì),將有助于減少心理癥狀,促進心理健康。
[Abstract]:Objective: to explore the relationship between self-identity, personality characteristics and mental health of freshmen, so as to provide evidence for mental health education in colleges and universities. Methods: 198 freshmen were investigated with Chinese College students Mental Health scale, Personality scale and self-identity status scale. Results: (1) among the medical freshmen, the most of them were in the same state of achievement type (43.1%), followed by the diffusion type (30.9%). 2 the score of achievement type of male students was higher than that of female students (60.7 鹵13.8 vs 53.9 鹵11.4, P0.001). The boys were more tough, altruistic and easygoing (45.2 鹵6.2 鹵43.1 鹵6.0, 23.1 鹵5.6 鹵20.2 鹵5.7, 27.4 鹵3.4 鹵26.2 鹵3.3, P 鈮，

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