校內(nèi)考試監(jiān)控研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-11-09 10:47
【摘要】： 本研究始于一個基本假定：良好的考試系統(tǒng)必然是一個平衡的考試系統(tǒng)。這種平衡是借助于多種制度安排實現(xiàn)的，但本文只關注兩個方面：(1)平衡絕對離不開制約，平衡的考試實踐離不開考試監(jiān)控，平衡就是考試實踐和考試監(jiān)控之間的平衡。(2)平衡必須滿足多個層級(包括國家、地方和學校)對學生學業(yè)成就信息的需求，平衡也就是國家教育質(zhì)量監(jiān)測、地方高利害考試和校內(nèi)考試之間的平衡。 基于上述假定，本研究將校內(nèi)考試監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)模型的構(gòu)建作為研究的核心主題，試圖通過回答誰來監(jiān)控，，如何監(jiān)控，依據(jù)什么來監(jiān)控等三個問題來構(gòu)建校內(nèi)考試監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)模型。從這三個問題分解出來的四個研究主題，重構(gòu)校內(nèi)考試監(jiān)控標準、建立校內(nèi)考試監(jiān)控機制、設立獨立的考試監(jiān)控機構(gòu)、提升教師評估專業(yè)素養(yǎng)水平就構(gòu)成了本論文的主體。 導論。考試只是一種工具，可以成為改革的杠桿或者進步的障礙：要使考試實踐促進進步，考試實踐就必須加以有效的監(jiān)控。這一部分也對本研究作了簡單界定。 第一章校內(nèi)考試：地位、價值與問題。當前教育考試管理的一個重要走向就是平衡的考試系統(tǒng)的建立。平衡的一個方面是考試管理層級之間的平衡，即在考試事務上國家、地方和學校的平衡。校內(nèi)考試在整個考試系統(tǒng)具有獨立的地位和價值。當前我國的考試管理權力分配不平衡，校內(nèi)考試成為外部考試的附庸，且質(zhì)量低下，因此校內(nèi)考試監(jiān)控就成為考試監(jiān)控題中應有之義。 第二章重構(gòu)校內(nèi)考試質(zhì)量標準。作為以往考試質(zhì)量標準所基于的心理測量學的一些基本假定根本上不適合于教育評估，而為大規(guī)模標準化考試開發(fā)的考試質(zhì)量標準也不適合于校內(nèi)考試。已有的標準重構(gòu)實踐和理論觀點為我們重構(gòu)校內(nèi)考試質(zhì)量標準提供了重要啟發(fā)，而教育評估發(fā)展的兩個新趨勢——基于標準的評估(Standards-Based Assesssment)和促進學習的評估(Assessment for Learning)——讓兩個效度概念的重要性得以突現(xiàn)，課程效度和后果效度就成為我們建構(gòu)校內(nèi)考試質(zhì)量標準框架的基礎。 第三章建立校內(nèi)考試監(jiān)控機制。徒法不足以自行，良好的標準還需要良好的實施，校內(nèi)考試監(jiān)控的實施需要相應的制度性工具。歷史上主要針對高利害考試的監(jiān)控實踐、美國內(nèi)布拉斯加州針對學區(qū)以及學校層面的考試的監(jiān)控實踐，以及社會公共事務管理其他領域(如消費者保護)的監(jiān)控實踐能夠為我們建立校內(nèi)考試監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)提供諸多經(jīng)驗和啟示。校內(nèi)考試監(jiān)控需要的相關機制包括：審議機制、評審機制、申訴機制和報告機制。 第四章設立獨立的考試監(jiān)控機構(gòu)。校內(nèi)考試監(jiān)控有眾多合法主體：政府、教師、學校、學生及其家長，乃至于一般公眾。從歷史看，政府、考試機構(gòu)、學生作為考試的監(jiān)控主體都存在一些明顯的問題，當前的一個選擇是建立獨立的考試監(jiān)控機構(gòu)。這一趨勢自新公共管理運用以來越來越明顯。但在我國，單一的獨立監(jiān)控機構(gòu)的作用有限，一個適當?shù)倪x擇是政府與獨立的考試監(jiān)控機構(gòu)合作實施校內(nèi)考試監(jiān)控。 第五章提升教師的評估專業(yè)素養(yǎng)。校內(nèi)考試監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)本質(zhì)上是校內(nèi)考試質(zhì)量保證系統(tǒng)，教師(包括學校管理者)是校內(nèi)考試實踐質(zhì)量的最終決定者，也是校內(nèi)考試監(jiān)控的當然主體。由于對教師評估素養(yǎng)在教師專業(yè)素養(yǎng)中的地位認識不足，教師教育中評估培訓的缺失，以及教師日常評估實踐中存在的問題，教師的評估素養(yǎng)嚴重不足，教師很難承擔校內(nèi)考試監(jiān)控或質(zhì)量保證的職責。因此教師評估素養(yǎng)的專業(yè)發(fā)展也是校內(nèi)考試監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)的一個關鍵組成部分。而要促進教師評估素養(yǎng)的專業(yè)發(fā)展，就必須有效地移除教師評估素養(yǎng)專業(yè)發(fā)展中存在的障礙，教師教育需要大量的工作，教師的日常評估實踐也需要改造。
[Abstract]:This study begins with a basic assumption that a good system of examination must be a balanced examination system. This kind of balance is realized by means of a variety of institutional arrangements, but this paper focuses on two aspects: (1) the balance is absolutely inseparable from the restriction, and the balanced examination practice is not necessary for the examination and monitoring; the balance is the balance between the test practice and the test monitoring. (2) The balance must meet the needs of multiple levels (including national, local and school) to the students' academic achievement information, which is the balance between the national education quality monitoring, the local high-interest test and the on-campus examination. Based on the above-mentioned assumption, this study will build the model of the test monitoring system in the school as the core subject of the research, and try to build up three problems, such as monitoring, monitoring, monitoring and so on. On-campus examination and monitoring system model. The four research topics that are decomposed from these three problems, the reconstruction of the school examination and monitoring standard, the establishment of the school examination monitoring mechanism, the establishment of independent examination and monitoring institutions, the improvement of the professional literacy level of the teachers make up The subject of this paper. Introduction. The exam is just a tool that can be a barrier to reform or an obstacle to progress: to make the exam The practice promotes the progress, and the examination practice must be Effective monitoring. This is part of the study. Simple definition. Chapter 1, on-campus examination: status, price The value and the problem. An important trend of the current educational test management is the establishment of the balanced examination system. The face is the balance between the level of the test management, that is, in the state of the examination The balance of the home, the local and the school. The test in the school has the independent status and value in the whole test system. The current China's examination management power distribution is not balanced, and the on-campus examination becomes an external test The mean of the trial is low and the quality is low, so the school In the second chapter, the quality standard of the test in the school is reconstructed. As a basis of the psychometrics based on the quality standard of the previous examination, the quality of the examination is the base of the test. This assumption is not suitable for the education evaluation at all, and the test quality standards for large-scale standardized test development are not suitable for the on-campus examination. The existing standard reconstruction practice and the theoretical point of view provide an important enlightenment for our reconstruction of the internal test quality standards, and the two new trends in the development of education evaluation _ Standard-based assessment and the promotion study Assessment for Learning the importance of the concept of a degree of efficiency is emerging, The degree of course effectiveness and the effect of the consequences will be the basis for us to build the framework for the quality of the school exam. Chapter 3 establishes the monitoring mechanism of the test in the school. The method is not sufficient for itself, and the good standard also requires good practice, and the implementation of the test in the school needs to be implemented. In history, for the monitoring of high-interest examinations, Nebraska's monitoring of the school district and the school-level examination Practice, as well as monitoring practices in other areas of social public affairs, such as consumer protection, can be built for us In-school examination and monitoring system provides a lot of experience and the relevant mechanisms for the monitoring and monitoring of the test in the school include: the review mechanism, the review mechanism, the complaint mechanism and the reporting machine 4. Chapter IV sets up an independent examination and monitoring body. There are many legal subjects in the examination and control of the school: the government, the teachers, the schools, the students and the students. Parents, as for the general public. From the historical perspective, the government, the examination There are some obvious problems in the main body of the test, and the current one is to set up an independent examination and monitoring mechanism. The application of new public management has become more and more obvious. In our country, however, the role of a single independent monitoring body is limited, and an appropriate choice is to implement in-school exam monitoring in cooperation with independent examination and control institutions. The system of the examination and control of the school is the quality of the test in the school, and the teacher (including the school manager) is the final decision of the quality of the test practice in the school. It is also the main body of the examination and control of the school. The lack of the position of the teacher's professional accomplishment, the lack of the training in the teacher's education, and the daily life of the teacher The problems existing in the evaluation practice, the teacher's evaluation quality is seriously insufficient, the teacher is hard to take the responsibility of the test monitoring or quality assurance in the school, so the professional development of the teacher's evaluation literacy is also the school examination monitoring system
【學位授予單位】：華東師范大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2007
【分類號】：G424.74
本文編號：2320179
[Abstract]:This study begins with a basic assumption that a good system of examination must be a balanced examination system. This kind of balance is realized by means of a variety of institutional arrangements, but this paper focuses on two aspects: (1) the balance is absolutely inseparable from the restriction, and the balanced examination practice is not necessary for the examination and monitoring; the balance is the balance between the test practice and the test monitoring. (2) The balance must meet the needs of multiple levels (including national, local and school) to the students' academic achievement information, which is the balance between the national education quality monitoring, the local high-interest test and the on-campus examination. Based on the above-mentioned assumption, this study will build the model of the test monitoring system in the school as the core subject of the research, and try to build up three problems, such as monitoring, monitoring, monitoring and so on. On-campus examination and monitoring system model. The four research topics that are decomposed from these three problems, the reconstruction of the school examination and monitoring standard, the establishment of the school examination monitoring mechanism, the establishment of independent examination and monitoring institutions, the improvement of the professional literacy level of the teachers make up The subject of this paper. Introduction. The exam is just a tool that can be a barrier to reform or an obstacle to progress: to make the exam The practice promotes the progress, and the examination practice must be Effective monitoring. This is part of the study. Simple definition. Chapter 1, on-campus examination: status, price The value and the problem. An important trend of the current educational test management is the establishment of the balanced examination system. The face is the balance between the level of the test management, that is, in the state of the examination The balance of the home, the local and the school. The test in the school has the independent status and value in the whole test system. The current China's examination management power distribution is not balanced, and the on-campus examination becomes an external test The mean of the trial is low and the quality is low, so the school In the second chapter, the quality standard of the test in the school is reconstructed. As a basis of the psychometrics based on the quality standard of the previous examination, the quality of the examination is the base of the test. This assumption is not suitable for the education evaluation at all, and the test quality standards for large-scale standardized test development are not suitable for the on-campus examination. The existing standard reconstruction practice and the theoretical point of view provide an important enlightenment for our reconstruction of the internal test quality standards, and the two new trends in the development of education evaluation _ Standard-based assessment and the promotion study Assessment for Learning the importance of the concept of a degree of efficiency is emerging, The degree of course effectiveness and the effect of the consequences will be the basis for us to build the framework for the quality of the school exam. Chapter 3 establishes the monitoring mechanism of the test in the school. The method is not sufficient for itself, and the good standard also requires good practice, and the implementation of the test in the school needs to be implemented. In history, for the monitoring of high-interest examinations, Nebraska's monitoring of the school district and the school-level examination Practice, as well as monitoring practices in other areas of social public affairs, such as consumer protection, can be built for us In-school examination and monitoring system provides a lot of experience and the relevant mechanisms for the monitoring and monitoring of the test in the school include: the review mechanism, the review mechanism, the complaint mechanism and the reporting machine 4. Chapter IV sets up an independent examination and monitoring body. There are many legal subjects in the examination and control of the school: the government, the teachers, the schools, the students and the students. Parents, as for the general public. From the historical perspective, the government, the examination There are some obvious problems in the main body of the test, and the current one is to set up an independent examination and monitoring mechanism. The application of new public management has become more and more obvious. In our country, however, the role of a single independent monitoring body is limited, and an appropriate choice is to implement in-school exam monitoring in cooperation with independent examination and control institutions. The system of the examination and control of the school is the quality of the test in the school, and the teacher (including the school manager) is the final decision of the quality of the test practice in the school. It is also the main body of the examination and control of the school. The lack of the position of the teacher's professional accomplishment, the lack of the training in the teacher's education, and the daily life of the teacher The problems existing in the evaluation practice, the teacher's evaluation quality is seriously insufficient, the teacher is hard to take the responsibility of the test monitoring or quality assurance in the school, so the professional development of the teacher's evaluation literacy is also the school examination monitoring system
【學位授予單位】：華東師范大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2007
【分類號】：G424.74
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