素質(zhì)教育的新思路：個(gè)性教育的理論與實(shí)證研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-06-11 12:06
本文選題：個(gè)性教育 + 麥?zhǔn)狭勘?/strong>��； 參考：《華東師范大學(xué)》2007年博士論文
【摘要】： 百年大計(jì)，教育為本。全面實(shí)施素質(zhì)教育是社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)文化發(fā)展和提高綜合國(guó)力的內(nèi)在要求，是教育改革深化和發(fā)展的內(nèi)在需要。素質(zhì)教育要求教育要面向全體學(xué)生、要求受教育者在德、智、體、美等方面全面發(fā)展、要求學(xué)生主動(dòng)性的發(fā)展。因材施教是全面實(shí)施素質(zhì)教育的重要內(nèi)容，而其實(shí)質(zhì)就是個(gè)性教育。 個(gè)性教育在目的層面上是一種關(guān)于人的個(gè)性發(fā)展的理想和目標(biāo)，即通過(guò)教育使受教育者的個(gè)性得到充分的發(fā)展和完善；在現(xiàn)實(shí)層面上，則是一種對(duì)人的教育的基本要求，即依據(jù)受教育者的個(gè)性特點(diǎn)來(lái)采取有針對(duì)性的措施，簡(jiǎn)單的講，就是依據(jù)個(gè)性來(lái)進(jìn)行教育。本研究從個(gè)性的類型理論出發(fā)，以MBTI為工具，來(lái)考察高中生的個(gè)性類型與與其高考成績(jī)之間的關(guān)系，并進(jìn)而探討大學(xué)生的個(gè)性類型與其專業(yè)選擇的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系，從而為“個(gè)性教育”的理念提供心理學(xué)的研究依據(jù)。 本研究在對(duì)個(gè)性教育的內(nèi)涵進(jìn)行深入分析的基礎(chǔ)上，系統(tǒng)整理了國(guó)外有關(guān)MBTI的研究文獻(xiàn)，并進(jìn)而進(jìn)行了三個(gè)方面的實(shí)證研究，具體內(nèi)容如下： 研究一通過(guò)對(duì)2128名高三學(xué)生的調(diào)查，對(duì)MBTI在教育領(lǐng)域中的適用性進(jìn)行考察。項(xiàng)目分析、探索性因素分析和驗(yàn)證性因素分析以及信度分析的結(jié)果表明，MBTI中文版的信效度指標(biāo)還是令人滿意的，同一批被試兩次測(cè)試的相關(guān)在四個(gè)維度上均達(dá)到顯著性水平，，和EPQ測(cè)驗(yàn)在內(nèi)外傾性上具有高度相關(guān)，結(jié)構(gòu)效度分析證明它得出的實(shí)際數(shù)據(jù)和理論模型吻合，可以用于進(jìn)一步的研究。 研究二重在考察高中生人格類型與其高考成績(jī)之間的關(guān)系。研究結(jié)果表明，內(nèi)傾型、感覺(jué)型、思維型和判斷型的學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)成績(jī)明顯好于相反人格機(jī)能傾向的學(xué)生；在氣質(zhì)組合與高考成績(jī)關(guān)系上，SJ、ST組合有顯著高分傾向，SP、NF則有顯著低分傾向，而其他組合則差異不顯著；在人格類型與高考單科成績(jī)的關(guān)系上，I、J維度的學(xué)生呈現(xiàn)顯著的高分傾向。 研究三考察了大學(xué)生中人格類型的專業(yè)分布情況以及人格類型與專業(yè)調(diào)換意愿之間的關(guān)系。研究結(jié)果表明，工程類專業(yè)組呈較高T類型分布和較低F類型分布，人文藝術(shù)類專業(yè)呈高NFP分布，信息技術(shù)類呈高SJ類型分布，社科類專業(yè)呈低STJ類型和高NFP類型分布，財(cái)經(jīng)類專業(yè)具有較高的SJ類型分布；在ENFP和INFP兩個(gè)NFP類型上的大學(xué)生表現(xiàn)出了較高的專業(yè)改換傾向，而ESTJ和ISTJ兩個(gè)STJ類型上則表現(xiàn)出了明顯的堅(jiān)守專業(yè)的傾向；在對(duì)人格單維機(jī)能的分析中，內(nèi)傾、直覺(jué)、情感和感知機(jī)能傾向的被試具有明顯的高于相反人格機(jī)能傾向被試的改換專業(yè)的意愿。
[Abstract]:Education is the foundation of a hundred-year plan. To carry out quality-oriented education in an all-round way is the inherent requirement for the development of social economy and culture and for the improvement of comprehensive national strength, and is also the inherent need for the deepening and development of educational reform. Quality-oriented education requires that education should be oriented to all students, that the educatee should develop comprehensively in moral, intellectual, physical and aesthetic aspects, and that students should develop proactively. Teaching students in accordance with their aptitude is an important part of the overall implementation of quality education, and its essence is personality education, which is an ideal and goal for the development of human personality at the goal level. That is, through education, the personality of the educatee can be fully developed and perfected; on the practical level, it is a basic requirement for human education, that is, to take targeted measures according to the personality characteristics of the educatee, to put it simply, Education is based on personality. Based on the theory of personality types and MBTI, this study investigates the relationship between personality types of high school students and their scores in college entrance examination, and then probes into the internal relationship between personality types of college students and their professional choices. This research provides psychological basis for the concept of "personality education". On the basis of in-depth analysis of the connotation of personality education, this study systematically arranges the foreign research literature on MBTI. And then carried out three aspects of empirical research, the specific contents are as follows: first, through the investigation of 2128 senior high school students, the applicability of MBTI in the field of education is investigated. The results of item analysis, exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis and reliability analysis showed that the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of MBTI was satisfactory. It is highly correlated with EPQ test in introversion and extroversion. The structural validity analysis proves that the actual data obtained by EPQ are in agreement with the theoretical model. This study focuses on the relationship between personality types of high school students and their scores in college entrance examination. The results showed that the students with introverted, sensory, thinking and judging types had better academic performance than those with opposite personality tendency. In the relationship between temperament combination and college entrance examination results, the SJT St combination had a significant high score tendency and a significant low score tendency, while the other combinations had no significant difference. In the relationship between personality types and individual subject scores of college entrance examination, the students in the IJ dimension showed significant high score tendency. The third study examined the distribution of personality types in college students and the relationship between personality types and students' willingness to exchange majors. The results show that the distribution of T type and F type is higher in engineering specialty, high NFP in humanities and art, high SJ in information technology, low STJ and high NFP in social science. The students in the two NFP types of ENFP and INFP showed a higher tendency to change their major, while the two STJ types ESTJ and ISTJ showed an obvious tendency to stick to their specialties, while the students in the two NFP types of ENFP and INFP showed a higher tendency to change their major, while the two STJ types of ESTJ and ISTJ showed an obvious tendency to stick to their specialties. In the analysis of one-dimensional personality, the subjects with introverted, intuitive, emotional and perceptual functional tendencies had significantly higher willingness to change their major than those with the opposite personality tendency.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2007
【分類號(hào)】：G40-012
【引證文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前2條
1 周珊紅;;在高職院校學(xué)生素質(zhì)教育中的心理學(xué)應(yīng)用研究[J];北方文學(xué)(下半月);2012年03期
2 伍阿陸;;公安大學(xué)生性格類型芻議[J];當(dāng)代青年研究;2010年05期
相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前3條
1 司月秀;孔子素質(zhì)教育思想研究[D];北方工業(yè)大學(xué);2010年
2 劉揚(yáng);遼寧省未成年人科學(xué)素質(zhì)法律保障問(wèn)題研究[D];沈陽(yáng)工業(yè)大學(xué);2010年
3 李丞;民辦高職生素質(zhì)教育中非智力因素培養(yǎng)問(wèn)題研究[D];延邊大學(xué);2010年
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