本文選題：金錢心理類型　切入點(diǎn)：注意偏向　出處：《西南大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：金錢心理類型(money profiles)是根據(jù)個(gè)體對(duì)金錢的不同態(tài)度,采用聚類分析的方法確定出來的對(duì)金錢在認(rèn)知、情感、和行為上均存在顯著差異的不同心理類型。眾多研究探索出四種金錢心理類型：金錢崇拜者,金錢粗心者,金錢冷漠者,和金錢拒斥者。以往問卷調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)四種金錢心理類型個(gè)體相互之間,以及與其他變量之間存在著顯著差異。本研究在已有研究的基礎(chǔ)上,首先通過問卷調(diào)查區(qū)分出不同金錢心理類型的大學(xué)生,其中金錢崇拜者所占比例最高,其次是金錢冷漠者,然后是金錢粗心者,金錢拒斥者所占比例最低。確定出四種類型的大學(xué)生之后對(duì)不同金錢心理類型大學(xué)生的特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行分析,從中選擇被試參與實(shí)驗(yàn)。后續(xù)實(shí)驗(yàn)著重探討實(shí)驗(yàn)條件下四種金錢心理類型大學(xué)生個(gè)體之間的差異。然后通過三個(gè)具體的研究探討不同金錢心理類型的大學(xué)生在加工金錢圖片、情緒面孔圖片、金錢食物混合圖片時(shí)表現(xiàn)出來的差異。 研究一通過點(diǎn)探測(cè)范式(實(shí)驗(yàn)一)和空間線索范式(實(shí)驗(yàn)二)探討不同金錢心理類型的大學(xué)生對(duì)金錢信息的注意偏向及其差異。實(shí)驗(yàn)一所采用的點(diǎn)探測(cè)范式由于實(shí)驗(yàn)控制的原因沒有取得良好的效果,該實(shí)驗(yàn)沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)被試間的任何差異。實(shí)驗(yàn)二在實(shí)驗(yàn)一的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行了改進(jìn),更換了實(shí)驗(yàn)材料并采用空間線索范式對(duì)四種類型被試對(duì)金錢的注意偏向進(jìn)行研究,結(jié)果表明,四種金錢心理類型中,金錢冷漠者對(duì)金錢圖片存在著注意偏向,而這種偏向在其他三種金錢心理類型被試中并未發(fā)生。 研究二根據(jù)前人調(diào)查的金錢情感狀況,對(duì)不同金錢心理類型大學(xué)生由金錢引發(fā)的情感進(jìn)行探索。該研究采用金錢啟動(dòng)結(jié)合情緒Stroop范式進(jìn)行研究,通過被試對(duì)情緒面孔顏色的按鍵反應(yīng)考察他們對(duì)情緒面孔的注意偏向。該研究發(fā)現(xiàn)金錢心理類型的主效應(yīng)顯著,金錢拒斥者和金錢冷漠者之間差異顯著,金錢拒斥者和金錢粗心者之間的差異也達(dá)到顯著性水平,其他類別相互之間則沒有表現(xiàn)出顯著性差異。其中,金錢粗心者和金錢冷漠者表現(xiàn)出對(duì)中性面孔的注意偏向,金錢拒斥者表現(xiàn)出對(duì)帶有積極和消極情緒面孔的注意偏向,而金錢崇拜者對(duì)積極消極和中性面孔均沒有表現(xiàn)出偏向。 研究三采用更具生態(tài)效度的眼動(dòng)實(shí)驗(yàn)來探索面對(duì)具有同等吸引力的金錢和食物時(shí),四種金錢心理類型被試在對(duì)其投入的注意力方面是否表現(xiàn)出差異。實(shí)驗(yàn)中將金錢和食物混入四種日常物品中拍成圖片,請(qǐng)被試對(duì)圖片進(jìn)行自由觀看,以此模擬環(huán)境中同時(shí)存在的金錢和食物。采用眼動(dòng)追蹤技術(shù)對(duì)被試在自由觀看過程中的眼動(dòng)軌跡進(jìn)行記錄。分析被試在金錢和食物兩個(gè)興趣區(qū)的瞳孔直徑、首視點(diǎn)比率、注視點(diǎn)數(shù)量比率、和注視時(shí)間比率來分析四種金錢心理類型之間的差異,對(duì)金錢和食物的注意警覺和注意維持,以及在高低金錢和食物吸引力條件下的反應(yīng)。研究結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn),四種金錢心理類型被試在高吸引力情況下的情緒喚醒水平均高于在低吸引力條件下的情緒喚醒水平；在高吸引力條件下,被試對(duì)食物的情緒喚醒水平較高,而在低吸引力條件下對(duì)金錢有較高的情緒喚起；金錢粗心者在實(shí)驗(yàn)過程中表現(xiàn)出高于其他三種類型被試的情緒喚起；另外四種類型被試均表現(xiàn)出對(duì)金錢的注意警覺和注意維持。
[Abstract]:Money (money profiles) is a type of psychological attitude to money according to different individuals, identified by the cluster analysis method of money in cognition, emotion, different psychological types have significant differences and behavior. Many studies explored four types: the psychology of money money worship, careless money, money indifference money, and rejection. Previous survey found that four of money between the individual psychological types, there are significant differences between and with other variables. This research is based on the existing research, firstly, through the questionnaire survey to distinguish different types of College Students' psychology of money, money worship has the highest proportion, followed by cold money then, money is careless, money who rejects the lowest proportion. After determining four types of College Students' psychological characteristics of different types of college students for money Analysis, choose from subjects participating in the experiment. The follow-up study focuses on the differences between the types of College Students' individual psychology of money of the four under the experimental conditions. Then through three concrete research on different types of students in the psychology of money money picture processing, emotional face pictures, show differences in money foods mixed picture.
A study on the dot probe paradigm (Experiment 1) and spatial cueing paradigm (experiment two) to explore the different types of students on the psychology of money money information attention bias and differences. The adopted dot probe paradigm due to experimental control has not achieved good results, the experiment found no differences between subjects experiment two. On the basis of experiment was improved, and the replacement of the experimental material spatial cuing paradigm of four types of money were tested on the study of attentional bias, the results show that the four types of psychological money, money for money are indifferent picture attention bias, and this bias in the other three money psychological type subjects did not happen.
Study on the emotional status of two according to the previous survey of money, money for different types of college students psychological emotion caused by money to explore. The study used money with start emotional Stroop paradigm of the subjects responses to emotional faces color on their attention to emotional faces bias. The study found that the main effect of psychological types of money significant differences between money, and money was rejected apathy, the difference between the money and the money of the rejection of careless also reached significant level, among other categories showed no significant difference. Among them, money and money careless indifference show of neutral face attention bias, money rejection showed with a bias for positive and negative emotional faces, and money worship of positive negative and neutral faces did not show bias.
Study three used the eye movement experiment more ecological validity to explore the face of equally attractive money and food, four types of subjects in the psychology of money on its investment focus is difference. The money and food mixed with four kinds of pictures of everyday items, please try on the picture for free to watch in order to simulate simultaneously exist in the environment of money and food. The eye tracking record of subjects'eye movements in the free viewing process technology. Analysis of subjects in diameter money and food in two regions of interest of the pupil, as the first point ratio, number of fixation ratio and fixation time ratio to analyze the differences between the four money psychological type, the alert for money and food and pay attention to maintenance, and the response level of money and food attractive conditions. The results showed that four kinds of money psychology class Subjects in the high attraction under emotional arousal level were higher than that in the low attraction under the condition of high emotional arousal level; in attractive conditions, the subjects of food emotional arousal level is higher, while in the lower attractive conditions of money have higher emotional arousal; coarse money during the experiment the heart showed higher than the other three types of subjects' emotional arousal; another four types of subjects showed the alert for money and sustained attention.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：B844.2

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