民國時期北京大學學生社團活動研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-06-14 01:37
【摘要】：學生社團活動是學生生活活動不可分割的有機組成部分,已有對學生活動的研究基本集中在學生運動。盡管民國時期的學生運動非�；钴S,而且產(chǎn)生了深遠的社會影響,但是,僅研究它顯然是不夠的。研究處于大變革、大動蕩時代背景下的北大學生社團活動,不但可以豐富高等教育管理尤其是高校學生管理理論、高等教育課程與教學理論、大學生心理健康教育理論、公民社會理論,加強對民國時期社會復雜多樣性的理解,也可以為當今從規(guī)模擴張到提高教育質(zhì)量的高等教育改革提供歷史依據(jù),為當今高校學生的管理工作,尤其是學生社團的管理工作提供借鑒意義。 本研究所選擇的研究對象民國時期北大學生社團是指以北大在校學生為主體、在自覺自愿基礎(chǔ)上組成的非盈利性學生組織。北大學生社團活動指的是以社團組織名義所開展的活動,不包括學生社團成員以個人名義從事的活動。研究時限的上限為1912年1月民國成立,下限為1949年1月北平和平解放。具體包括北京大學、西南聯(lián)合大學和北平大學北大分院。本研究運用組織社會學理論,結(jié)合敘事史學、微觀史學等相關(guān)理論,通過對民國時期北大學生社團發(fā)展歷史、組織結(jié)構(gòu)以及所開展的活動的研究,清晰再現(xiàn)了民國時期北大學生社團活動的歷史圖景。探究了“內(nèi)憂外患”、社會大變革、大動蕩時代背景下北大學生社團活動的特點與規(guī)律,并為理解民國時期社會的復雜多樣性提供了一個新的視角。 導論部分,從問題的提出入手,闡釋了研究的價值,回顧了國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀,并作了適當評析,介紹了理論基礎(chǔ),闡明了研究目的,厘清了研究思路,解釋了研究方法。 第一章“北大學生社團活動產(chǎn)生的歷史背景與發(fā)展軌跡”,從社會思潮、突出事件和關(guān)鍵人物三個方面分析了北大學生社團活動產(chǎn)生的歷史背景。從社團活動產(chǎn)生的歷史起源、萌芽到逐步發(fā)展,將每個不同歷史時期北大學生社團活動的歷史發(fā)展軌跡清晰地呈現(xiàn)了出來。 第二章“北大學生社團活動的目標、方式及概況”,從組織及活動主題兩個視角分析了北大學生社團活動的目標,通過大量具體實例再現(xiàn)了社團活動的四種基本方式,即講演、集會、出版刊物以及實踐活動以及北大學生社團活動的整體概況。 第三章“北大學生社團的組織結(jié)構(gòu)、組織過程與組織控制”,運用組織社會學理論分別梳理了北大學生社團的組織結(jié)構(gòu)、組織過程和組織控制。北大學生社團的組織結(jié)構(gòu)基本都是采用的初級結(jié)構(gòu),即直線型、職能型組織結(jié)構(gòu),也有個別學生社團采用直線式職能型結(jié)構(gòu),這些都是由北大學生社團規(guī)模小、組織職能單一所決定。組織過程包括溝通、決策與領(lǐng)導三個過程,溝通一般采用在相關(guān)刊物、公告欄刊登公告、通告、通知以及書信等書面方式以及口頭通知或面對面地交流等方式進行。發(fā)現(xiàn)北大學生社團在整個組織管理的過程中,體現(xiàn)出強烈的民主性、靈活性。北大學生社團的決策過程大多采用召開全體大會或職員會議集體討論的方式進行。也正因為這樣,其領(lǐng)導過程沒有明顯的關(guān)鍵人物、核心領(lǐng)導形成。 第四章“北大學生社團活動的主體及內(nèi)容”,從活動主體參與社團活動的心理場、人格特征以及參與程度三個方面分析了外部環(huán)境、個體人格對學生參與社團活動的影響,認為人的任何行為的產(chǎn)生都是其所處“心理場”的產(chǎn)物,這個“心理場”不但包括個體的需要、潛意識、信念、目標、記憶等,也包括政治和經(jīng)濟事件以及社會活動等。同時通過分析發(fā)現(xiàn),當時北大學生社團活動得到了學校領(lǐng)導和教職員工的廣泛的支持。通過大量的史料,對當時北大學生社團具體的活動情況進行了真實地再現(xiàn)。 第五章“北大學生社團活動的作用與影響”,從五個方面總結(jié)分析了北大學生社團活動所產(chǎn)生的作用與影響。主要是保護了民族利益、促進了社會的民主進步、轉(zhuǎn)變了學風、豐富了校園文化生活和培養(yǎng)了大批各類人才。 結(jié)語部分,分析總結(jié)了北大學生社團及其活動的特點與規(guī)律。主要有以下五個方面：從影響個體參與學生社團組織的人格特征來看,民國時期北大學生社團成員人格中理想、信念、世界觀等因素與其它時段相比對其參與社團的行為影響更大；從學生社團組織行為的特點來看,其組織行為體現(xiàn)出更高的民主性；從學生社團所開展的具體活動來看,其不但開展了大量的“本職工作”,而且也完成了不少的“兼職任務(wù)”；從學生社團組織所在的時代背景、活動主題以及活動主體來看,表現(xiàn)出更高的復雜性；從學生社團活動的性質(zhì)來看,表現(xiàn)出強烈的愛國性。反思了學生運動與學生活動,個人需求、社會需要與學生社團活動以及個人本位、社會本位與時代背景之間的關(guān)系,指出學生運動不是民國時期北大學生活動的常態(tài),個人需求是學生社團產(chǎn)生與發(fā)展以及學生參與社團活動的內(nèi)在動力,而時代呼喚是學生社團產(chǎn)生與發(fā)展以及學生參與社團活動的外在原因。同時指出,“社會本位”、“個人本位”及其關(guān)系不但受到社會形態(tài)和文化傳統(tǒng)等的影響和制約,同時還受到一定的時代背景的影響。
[Abstract]:The student's community activity is an integral and integral part of the student's life activities, and the research of the student's activities has focused on the student's movement. Although the student movement in the Republic of China is very active and has a far-reaching social impact, it is clearly not enough to study it. In order to enrich the management of higher education, especially the theory of college students' management, the course of higher education and the teaching theory, the theory of mental health education of college students, the theory of civil society, To strengthen the understanding of the social and complex diversity of the Republic of China, it can also provide the historical basis for the reform of the higher education from the scale to the improvement of the quality of the education, and provide the reference for the management of the students in the present day, especially the management of the students' associations. The research object selected by the Institute of the Republic of China in the period of the Republic of China refers to the non-profit group of students who are the main body of the north and the non-profit group which is composed of the voluntary basis. The activities carried out in the name of the community are not included in the activities of the members of the students' associations in the name of the individual. The upper limit of the time limit of the study was established in the Republic of China in January,1912 and the lower limit was the peaceful solution of the North Peace in January,1949. In particular, it includes Peking University, Southwest Joint University and Beiping University. This study, using the theory of organization sociology, combined with the theories of narrative history and micro-history, through the study of the history, structure and activities of the college students' associations during the period of the Republic of China, clearly reproduces the historical figures of the activities of the college students in the period of the Republic of China. The paper probes into the characteristics and rules of the activities of the college students in the background of "to suffer from internal and external anxiety", social change and great turbulence, and provides a new vision for understanding the complex diversity of the society in the period of the Republic of China. The introduction part, starting from the point of the question, explained the value of the study, reviewed the domestic and foreign research situation, made an appropriate analysis, introduced the theoretical foundation, clarified the research purpose, clarified the research thinking and explained the research. The first part of the "The Historical Background and the Development Track of the Activities of the College Students in the North" analyzes the activities of the college students from three aspects: social thought, outstanding events and key figures From the historical origin of the social activities, the development of the history of the college students' social activities in the different historical periods is clear. The second "The Target, Mode and General Situation of the Activities of the College Students in the North", from the perspective of the organization and the theme of the activity, analyzes the objectives of the activities of the college students, and renews the four basic ways of the community's activities through a large number of specific examples. i. e. speech, assembly, publication of publications, and practice, as well as associations of north university students In the third "The organizational structure, organization process and organization control of the college students' association", the organizational structure of the college students' association is analyzed by the theory of organizational sociology, The organizational structure of the college students' associations is basically the primary structure adopted, that is, the linear, functional organization structure, and the individual student associations adopt the linear functional structure, which are small in the size of the college students' associations, The organization process includes three processes of communication, decision-making and leadership. Communication is generally adopted in the relevant publications, bulletin boards, announcements, notices and letters, as well as oral notice or face In the process of the management of the whole organization, the community of the North University of the People's Republic of China The decision-making process of the college students' associations is mostly adopted by the general assembly or the staff meeting In this way, there is no obvious key to the leadership process. Chapter four analyzes the influence of the external environment and the individual's personality on the students' participation in the community activities. d " product, this "mental field" not only includes the individual's needs, the subconsciousness, the belief, the goal, the memory, etc., but also the politics and Economic events, social activities, and so on. At the same time, through the analysis, the college students' social activities were led by the school and the extensive support of the teaching staff, through a large amount of historical materials, the specific activity of the college students' associations at that time The dynamic situation is reproduced in real time. Chapter 5 Psychological Field ", from the five aspects, summarizes the analysis of the northern college students. The role and influence of the activities of the community are mainly the protection of the national interests, the promotion of the democratic progress of the society, the transformation of the style of study and the enrichment of the campus text. A large number of various types of talents have been developed and cultivated. The conclusion of the conclusion is summarized in the paper. The characteristics and laws of the college students' associations and their activities are the following five aspects: from the characteristics of the individual participating in the student's social organization, the ideal, the belief, the world view and other factors in the personality of the college students in the period of the Republic of China and other periods Compared with the behavior of the participating organizations, the organizational behavior of the students is more democratic; in the light of the specific activities carried out by the students' associations, they not only carry out a great deal of "the job", but also have completed a lot of "part-time job" From the background of the student's social organization, the theme of the activity and the subject of the activity, it shows a higher complexity; from the student's social activities In the light of the nature of the students' movement, the relationship between the student's movement and the student's activities, the individual's needs, the social needs and the student's social activities and the individual's standard, the social standard and the background is reflected, and the movement of the students is pointed out. It is not the normal state of the college students' activities during the period of the Republic of China. The individual demand is the internal power of the students' association and development and the participation of the students in the activities of the community, and the times call is the development and development of the students' associations. At the same time, it is pointed out that the "social standard", the "personal standard" and the relationship are not only influenced and restricted by the social form and the cultural tradition, etc.
【學位授予單位】：華中師范大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：G529
本文編號：2498988
[Abstract]:The student's community activity is an integral and integral part of the student's life activities, and the research of the student's activities has focused on the student's movement. Although the student movement in the Republic of China is very active and has a far-reaching social impact, it is clearly not enough to study it. In order to enrich the management of higher education, especially the theory of college students' management, the course of higher education and the teaching theory, the theory of mental health education of college students, the theory of civil society, To strengthen the understanding of the social and complex diversity of the Republic of China, it can also provide the historical basis for the reform of the higher education from the scale to the improvement of the quality of the education, and provide the reference for the management of the students in the present day, especially the management of the students' associations. The research object selected by the Institute of the Republic of China in the period of the Republic of China refers to the non-profit group of students who are the main body of the north and the non-profit group which is composed of the voluntary basis. The activities carried out in the name of the community are not included in the activities of the members of the students' associations in the name of the individual. The upper limit of the time limit of the study was established in the Republic of China in January,1912 and the lower limit was the peaceful solution of the North Peace in January,1949. In particular, it includes Peking University, Southwest Joint University and Beiping University. This study, using the theory of organization sociology, combined with the theories of narrative history and micro-history, through the study of the history, structure and activities of the college students' associations during the period of the Republic of China, clearly reproduces the historical figures of the activities of the college students in the period of the Republic of China. The paper probes into the characteristics and rules of the activities of the college students in the background of "to suffer from internal and external anxiety", social change and great turbulence, and provides a new vision for understanding the complex diversity of the society in the period of the Republic of China. The introduction part, starting from the point of the question, explained the value of the study, reviewed the domestic and foreign research situation, made an appropriate analysis, introduced the theoretical foundation, clarified the research purpose, clarified the research thinking and explained the research. The first part of the "The Historical Background and the Development Track of the Activities of the College Students in the North" analyzes the activities of the college students from three aspects: social thought, outstanding events and key figures From the historical origin of the social activities, the development of the history of the college students' social activities in the different historical periods is clear. The second "The Target, Mode and General Situation of the Activities of the College Students in the North", from the perspective of the organization and the theme of the activity, analyzes the objectives of the activities of the college students, and renews the four basic ways of the community's activities through a large number of specific examples. i. e. speech, assembly, publication of publications, and practice, as well as associations of north university students In the third "The organizational structure, organization process and organization control of the college students' association", the organizational structure of the college students' association is analyzed by the theory of organizational sociology, The organizational structure of the college students' associations is basically the primary structure adopted, that is, the linear, functional organization structure, and the individual student associations adopt the linear functional structure, which are small in the size of the college students' associations, The organization process includes three processes of communication, decision-making and leadership. Communication is generally adopted in the relevant publications, bulletin boards, announcements, notices and letters, as well as oral notice or face In the process of the management of the whole organization, the community of the North University of the People's Republic of China The decision-making process of the college students' associations is mostly adopted by the general assembly or the staff meeting In this way, there is no obvious key to the leadership process. Chapter four analyzes the influence of the external environment and the individual's personality on the students' participation in the community activities. d " product, this "mental field" not only includes the individual's needs, the subconsciousness, the belief, the goal, the memory, etc., but also the politics and Economic events, social activities, and so on. At the same time, through the analysis, the college students' social activities were led by the school and the extensive support of the teaching staff, through a large amount of historical materials, the specific activity of the college students' associations at that time The dynamic situation is reproduced in real time. Chapter 5 Psychological Field ", from the five aspects, summarizes the analysis of the northern college students. The role and influence of the activities of the community are mainly the protection of the national interests, the promotion of the democratic progress of the society, the transformation of the style of study and the enrichment of the campus text. A large number of various types of talents have been developed and cultivated. The conclusion of the conclusion is summarized in the paper. The characteristics and laws of the college students' associations and their activities are the following five aspects: from the characteristics of the individual participating in the student's social organization, the ideal, the belief, the world view and other factors in the personality of the college students in the period of the Republic of China and other periods Compared with the behavior of the participating organizations, the organizational behavior of the students is more democratic; in the light of the specific activities carried out by the students' associations, they not only carry out a great deal of "the job", but also have completed a lot of "part-time job" From the background of the student's social organization, the theme of the activity and the subject of the activity, it shows a higher complexity; from the student's social activities In the light of the nature of the students' movement, the relationship between the student's movement and the student's activities, the individual's needs, the social needs and the student's social activities and the individual's standard, the social standard and the background is reflected, and the movement of the students is pointed out. It is not the normal state of the college students' activities during the period of the Republic of China. The individual demand is the internal power of the students' association and development and the participation of the students in the activities of the community, and the times call is the development and development of the students' associations. At the same time, it is pointed out that the "social standard", the "personal standard" and the relationship are not only influenced and restricted by the social form and the cultural tradition, etc.
【學位授予單位】：華中師范大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：G529
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