【摘要】：中文摘要 美國非正規(guī)科學(xué)教育是指在學(xué)校外進(jìn)行的，面向全體公眾的，以數(shù)學(xué)、技術(shù)、科學(xué)和工程為主要教育內(nèi)容的，目的是要提高全民科學(xué)素養(yǎng)的教育。非正規(guī)科學(xué)教育是學(xué)校正規(guī)科學(xué)教育的重要補(bǔ)充和延伸，是提升全民科學(xué)素養(yǎng)的重要途徑。 目前，我國對(duì)美國科學(xué)教育的研究主要集中在學(xué)校正規(guī)科學(xué)教育的研究上，而對(duì)美國的非正規(guī)科學(xué)教育地關(guān)注與研究十分有限，尤其是缺乏對(duì)美國非正規(guī)科學(xué)教育較為宏觀和系統(tǒng)的理論研究。為了能夠全面提升我國公民的科學(xué)素養(yǎng)，為了能使我國的非正規(guī)科學(xué)教育事業(yè)得到更好地發(fā)展，我們有必要對(duì)美國的非正規(guī)科學(xué)教育進(jìn)行較為深入和系統(tǒng)地研究，從而總結(jié)美國非正規(guī)科學(xué)教育發(fā)展的有效經(jīng)驗(yàn)，并結(jié)合我國非正規(guī)科學(xué)教育的歷史和現(xiàn)狀，提出有助于我國非正規(guī)科學(xué)教育未來發(fā)展的建設(shè)性意見。 本篇論文主要采用文獻(xiàn)法，通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)訪問美國科學(xué)基金會(huì)、美國科學(xué)促進(jìn)會(huì)、美國科學(xué)教師協(xié)會(huì)等美國非正規(guī)科學(xué)教育的主要實(shí)施機(jī)構(gòu)的網(wǎng)站，獲得大量關(guān)于美國非正規(guī)科學(xué)教育最前沿的權(quán)威資料。通過對(duì)這些資料的梳理與歸納，分析了美國非正規(guī)科學(xué)教育的內(nèi)涵與特點(diǎn)、美國非正規(guī)科學(xué)教育活動(dòng)和美國非正規(guī)科學(xué)教育的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)。其中，，重點(diǎn)分析了美國非正規(guī)科學(xué)教育活動(dòng)，從活動(dòng)的實(shí)施主體、活動(dòng)類型以及活動(dòng)的作用三個(gè)方面進(jìn)行了較為系統(tǒng)和詳實(shí)地論述。 最后，筆者回顧了我國非正規(guī)科學(xué)教育發(fā)展的歷史并結(jié)合我國非正規(guī)科學(xué)教育發(fā)展的現(xiàn)狀，提出了美國非正規(guī)科學(xué)教育對(duì)于我國非正規(guī)科學(xué)教育發(fā)展的啟示，即要加強(qiáng)非正規(guī)科學(xué)教育的延續(xù)性、教育性和系統(tǒng)性以及公平性。除此之外，還要重視科學(xué)教師的專業(yè)發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:Non-formal science education in the United States refers to the education of mathematics, technology, science and engineering, which is carried out outside school and for the general public, with the aim of improving the scientific literacy of the whole people. Non-formal science education is an important supplement and extension of formal science education in schools and an important way to improve the scientific literacy of the whole people. At present, the research on American science education in China is mainly focused on the research of formal science education in schools, while the attention and research on non-formal science education in the United States is very limited. In particular, there is a lack of macro and systematic theoretical research on non-formal science education in the United States. In order to improve the scientific literacy of our citizens in an all-round way, and to make the non-formal science education in our country better developed, it is necessary for us to conduct a more in-depth and systematic study on the non-formal science education in the United States. This paper summarizes the effective experience in the development of non-formal science education in the United States, and puts forward some constructive suggestions for the future development of non-formal science education in China, combining with the history and present situation of non-formal science education in China. This paper mainly uses the literature method, through the network visits the American Science Foundation, the American Society for the Advancement of Science, the American Association of Science Teachers and other major implementing agencies of non-formal science education in the United States. Access to a wealth of non-formal science education in the United States on the forefront of authoritative information. This paper analyzes the connotation and characteristics of non-formal science education in the United States, the activities of non-formal science education in the United States and the development trend of non-formal science education in the United States. Among them, the non-formal science education activities in the United States are analyzed in detail and systematically discussed from three aspects: the main body of the activities, the types of the activities and the role of the activities. Finally, the author reviews the history of the development of non-formal science education in China and puts forward the enlightenment of non-formal science education in the United States for the development of non-formal science education in China. That is, to strengthen the continuity of non-formal science education, educational and systematic, and fairness. In addition, we should attach importance to the professional development of science teachers.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：G571.2

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