本文選題：義務教育 + 城鄉(xiāng)統(tǒng)籌　； 參考：《西南財經(jīng)大學》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：在現(xiàn)代社會中,義務教育對整個國民經(jīng)濟和社會發(fā)展有著無可替代的基礎性作用,在各國都被當作一項公民應當享有的基本公共權力和必須履行的基本義務,由國家強制推行。各國政府有責任促進義務教育公平均等供給和均衡化發(fā)展。 我國一直關注義務教育的發(fā)展,但義務教育在均衡發(fā)展方面仍存在著許多不足。改革開放三十多年來,義務教育的城鄉(xiāng)差距已經(jīng)影響到我國經(jīng)濟社會的健康發(fā)展。而造成這種差距的主要原因,一是城鄉(xiāng)分割的二元經(jīng)濟社會管理體制；二是特殊時期的差別化發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略；三是不合理的財政分權體制；四是市場調節(jié)的自發(fā)結果。如何緩解我國城鄉(xiāng)義務教育非均衡發(fā)展的問題,促進城鄉(xiāng)義務教育供給的合理公平,是我國政府當前必須面對的問題。 成都市從2003年開始進行統(tǒng)籌城鄉(xiāng)義務教育均衡發(fā)展的改革,積累了豐富的經(jīng)驗,并逐漸形成了具有地方特色、符合本地實際的義務教育發(fā)展模式。2007年國務院批準成都市設立“全國統(tǒng)籌城鄉(xiāng)綜合配套改革試驗區(qū)”,在城鄉(xiāng)一體化改革發(fā)展進程中,成都市又推出多項改革、進行多次調整、進行重點建設,大力鞏固農(nóng)村義務教育發(fā)展成果,縮小城鄉(xiāng)間義務教育差距,全市城鄉(xiāng)義務教育呈現(xiàn)出均衡、協(xié)調發(fā)展的良好態(tài)勢。值得對其發(fā)展模式進行總結和研究。 本文研究的主要目的是通過梳理、總結成都市在縮小城鄉(xiāng)義務教育差距、統(tǒng)籌城鄉(xiāng)義務教育發(fā)展方面的政策措施,歸納其特點,提煉出具有成都特色的“成都模式”,并在此基礎上進行績效評價,總結成果,發(fā)現(xiàn)問題,提出改進建議。最后結合造成我國義務教育非均衡發(fā)展的原因進行拓展,提出成都模式對我國城鄉(xiāng)義務教育均衡發(fā)展改革的有益啟示。 本文正文共分為五個部分。第一部分對義務教育均衡發(fā)展的理論基礎進行回顧。首先,對本文涉及到的“義務教育”“城”“鄉(xiāng)”“義務教育均衡發(fā)展’等概念進行定義、內涵和范疇的界定。之后,從公共產(chǎn)品理論的角度分析了義務教育的公共品屬性,提出政府干預義務教育供給的必要性和義務教育的主要供給方式；從公平正義論的角度分析了義務教育供給公平的重要意義；從教育市場失靈和政府失靈理論的角度分析了義務教育均衡供給中市場配置和政府干預有效結合的重要性。 第二部分在回顧我國義務教育經(jīng)歷的發(fā)展階段基礎上,描述當前義務教育非均衡化發(fā)展的現(xiàn)狀,并探討其產(chǎn)生的原因。首先回顧建國以來城鄉(xiāng)義務教育經(jīng)歷的低水平均等、差距顯現(xiàn)、差距拉大和差距逐漸縮小的四個階段。接下來從經(jīng)費支出、師資力量、辦學條件、升學率等方面描述我國城鄉(xiāng)義務教育間存在的差距。之后,對造成我國義務教育城鄉(xiāng)差距的原因進行分析,提出造成我國城鄉(xiāng)義務教育非均衡發(fā)展的深層次原因是城鄉(xiāng)分割的二元經(jīng)濟社會結構;直接原因是義務教育經(jīng)費投入不足；歷史原因是人為制定的義務教育差別化發(fā)展方略；市場原因是市場機制運行中存在的“馬太效應”。 第三部分對成都模式進行一個較為全面的闡述。介紹成都模式的發(fā)展背景、目標及思路、主要政策措施及效果,并歸納其特點。首先從義務教育和地區(qū)經(jīng)濟發(fā)展方面介紹成都市城鄉(xiāng)義務教育均衡發(fā)展改革的背景。接下來介紹成都市促進城鄉(xiāng)義務教育均衡發(fā)展的目標、思路和發(fā)展規(guī)劃。之后從義務教育保障范圍、辦學條件、教師隊伍建設和相關配套管理制度四個方面梳理成都市出臺的政策措施和效果。最后從政策措施中提煉出成都模式的主要特點,并對其進行定義和小結,認為成都模式即以義務教育城鄉(xiāng)一體化為目標、以集中化和多樣化發(fā)展為手段、以管理制度改革完善為保障,通過政府財政扶持的農(nóng)村義務教育發(fā)展能力提升和政府引導的城鄉(xiāng)交流互動,城鄉(xiāng)統(tǒng)籌、“以城帶鄉(xiāng)”的義務教育均衡發(fā)展模式。 第四部分對成都模式進行績效評價,在其基礎上提出當前發(fā)展中存在的問題,并針對問題提出進一步改進的政策建議。綜合運用多種統(tǒng)計分析方法,結合《成都市校際均衡發(fā)展監(jiān)測報告》的基尼系數(shù)分析,從成都市義務教育發(fā)展的各個方面,對“成都模式”進行績效評價。提出成都市在義務教育集中化、均衡度、財政保障和辦學體制方面存在的一些問題,并提出相應的政策建議。 第五部分從成都擴展到全國,提出“成都模式”對我國促進城鄉(xiāng)義務教育均衡發(fā)展的幾點啟示。包括打破城鄉(xiāng)二元管理體制、完善相關管理制度、完善財政保障機制、處理好義務教育供給中政府與市場的關系。 本文的主要貢獻是,當前對某一地區(qū)促進城鄉(xiāng)義務教育均衡發(fā)展的政策措施進行實證研究并系統(tǒng)總結其發(fā)展模式的研究比較少。本文從城鄉(xiāng)義務教育均衡發(fā)展的角度出發(fā),分析總結成都市促進城鄉(xiāng)義務教育均衡發(fā)展的政策措施并提煉其發(fā)展模式,在研究其特點和問題的基礎上提出完善建議,并提出其對全國的啟示。是我國當前城鄉(xiāng)義務教育均衡發(fā)展研究的一個補充。
[Abstract]:In modern society, compulsory education has an irreplaceable basic role in the whole national economy and social development. In all countries, it is regarded as the basic public power and basic obligations to be fulfilled by a citizen. It is forced by the state. The government has the responsibility to promote the equal supply and balanced development of compulsory education.
China has always paid attention to the development of compulsory education, but there are still many shortcomings in the balanced development of compulsory education. Over the past thirty years, the gap between urban and rural areas of compulsory education has affected the healthy development of our country's economy and society. The main reason for this gap is the two yuan economic and social management system divided by urban and rural areas; two It is the differential development strategy of the special period; three is the irrational fiscal decentralization system; the four is the spontaneous result of the market regulation. How to alleviate the unbalanced development of the compulsory education in urban and rural areas in our country and promote the rational and fair supply of compulsory education in urban and rural areas is the problem that our government must face at present.
From 2003, Chengdu began to reform the balanced development of compulsory education in urban and rural areas, accumulated rich experience, and gradually formed the compulsory education development model which has local characteristics and accords with the local reality. In.2007, the State Council approved the establishment of the "national integrated urban and rural comprehensive supporting reform test area" in Chengdu, and the integration reform in urban and rural areas. In the process of development, the city of Chengdu has introduced a number of reforms, carried out a number of adjustments, carried out the key construction, strengthened the rural compulsory education development results and narrowed the gap between urban and rural compulsory education. The urban and rural compulsory education in urban and rural areas showed a balanced and coordinated development. It is worth summarizing and studying its development model.
The main purpose of this study is to summarize the policies and measures of reducing the gap between urban and rural compulsory education and coordinating the development of compulsory education in urban and rural areas in Chengdu. The characteristics are summed up and the "Chengdu model" with Chengdu characteristics is extracted. On this basis, the performance evaluation is carried out, the results are summarized, the problems are found and suggestions for improvement are put forward. Finally, some suggestions for improvement are put forward. Finally, the suggestions for improvement are put forward. Combined with the reasons for the unbalanced development of compulsory education in China, this paper puts forward the beneficial enlightenment of the Chengdu model to the balanced development of compulsory education in urban and rural areas.
The text of this article is divided into five parts. The first part reviews the theoretical basis of balanced development of compulsory education. First, it defines the concept of "compulsory education" "compulsory education" "town" "balanced development of compulsory education", and defines its connotation and category. After that, it analyzes the compulsory education from the perspective of public product theory. The property of the public goods is raised, the necessity of the supply of compulsory education for government intervention and the main supply mode of compulsory education are put forward. From the angle of fairness and justice, the important significance of the supply of compulsory education is analyzed, and the market allocation and the government's work in the balanced supply of compulsory education are analyzed from the point of view of the failure of the education market and the theory of government failure. The importance of pre - effective combination.
The second part, on the basis of reviewing the development stage of compulsory education in China, describes the current situation of the unbalanced development of compulsory education and its causes. First, it reviews the low water average of the compulsory education in urban and rural areas since the founding of the people's Republic of China, the gap appears, the gap widening and the gap gradually narrowing in the four stages. The gap between urban and rural compulsory education in China is described in terms of expenditure, teachers, school conditions and higher education rate. After that, the reasons for the gap between urban and rural areas in China's compulsory education are analyzed, and the deep reason that causes the unbalanced development of compulsory education in urban and rural areas is the two yuan economic and social structure divided by urban and rural areas; the direct reason is the meaning of justice. The investment of educational funds is insufficient; the historical reason is the development strategy of the differentiated development of compulsory education by human beings; the market reason is the Matthew effect in the operation of the market mechanism.
The third part makes a more comprehensive exposition of the Chengdu model, introduces the development background of the Chengdu model, aims and ideas, the main policy measures and effects, and summarizes its characteristics. First, it introduces the background of the balanced development of urban and rural compulsory education in Chengdu from the aspects of compulsory education and regional economic development. The following is to introduce the promotion of Chengdu city. The goal, thinking and development plan of the balanced development of compulsory education in urban and rural areas, and then from four aspects of the scope of compulsory education, the conditions of running schools, the construction of teachers and the relevant supporting management system, the policy and effect of the Chengdu city are combed. Finally, the main characteristics of the Chengdu model are extracted from the policy and measures, and the definition and the definition are also given. The conclusion is that the Chengdu model is aimed at the integration of compulsory education and urban and rural areas, with centralized and diversified development as the means, the reform and improvement of the management system as the guarantee, the promotion of the rural compulsory education development ability and the government guided urban and rural communication interaction through the government financial support, the balance between urban and rural areas and the balance of compulsory education in urban and rural areas Development model.
The fourth part of the Chengdu model performance evaluation, on the basis of the current development of the existing problems, and put forward to further improve the policy recommendations. Comprehensive use of a variety of statistical analysis methods, combined with the "Chengdu inter school balanced development monitoring report >" the Gini coefficient analysis, from Chengdu compulsory education development of each side. The performance evaluation of the "Chengdu model" is carried out. Some problems in the centralization of compulsory education, the degree of balance, the financial security and the system of running a school in Chengdu are put forward, and the corresponding policy suggestions are put forward.
The fifth part, extending from Chengdu to the whole country, puts forward some enlightenment on the balanced development of urban and rural compulsory education by "Chengdu model", including breaking the urban and rural two yuan management system, perfecting the relevant management system, perfecting the financial guarantee mechanism, and dealing with the relationship between the government and the market in the supply of compulsory education.
The main contribution of this article is that the current research on the balanced development of urban and rural compulsory education in a certain region and the systematic summary of its development model are relatively few. From the perspective of balanced development of urban and rural compulsory education, this paper analyzes and summarizes the policies and measures to promote the balanced development of compulsory education in urban and rural areas in Chengdu and proposes the balanced development of urban and rural compulsory education. It is a supplement to the study of the balanced development of urban and rural compulsory education in China at present, and put forward the suggestions on the basis of its characteristics and problems and put forward its enlightenment to the whole country.
【學位授予單位】：西南財經(jīng)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：G522.3

【參考文獻】

相關期刊論文 前10條

1 龍舟;;我國教育財政制度改革變遷研究[J];當代教育理論與實踐;2009年04期

2 黃旭;;成都城鎮(zhèn)教師支援農(nóng)村教育專題調研[J];教育與教學研究;2011年04期

3 盧莎;;“兩免一補”的教育政策分析[J];現(xiàn)代教育科學;2009年08期

4 翟博;;中國基礎教育均衡發(fā)展實證分析[J];教育研究;2007年07期

5 劉新成;蘇尚鋒;;義務教育均衡發(fā)展的三重意蘊及其超越性[J];教育研究;2010年05期

6 李曉華;;實施鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)學校集中辦學 力促山區(qū)教育公平發(fā)展[J];基礎教育參考;2010年18期

7 張澤科;;一個教育均衡發(fā)展的政府創(chuàng)新模型——成都龍泉驛區(qū)實施“金鳳凰”工程的實踐探脈[J];四川教育;2007年04期

8 羅湖平;;中國農(nóng)村義務教育經(jīng)費投入體制的理性回歸之路——基于公共產(chǎn)品理論的視角分析[J];武漢科技大學學報(社會科學版);2010年02期

9 李崇愛;;我國基礎教育非均衡發(fā)展的現(xiàn)狀、成因、對策[J];江西教育科研;2007年10期

10 李軍超;樊慧玲;;實現(xiàn)中國義務教育均衡發(fā)展的模式構建——戰(zhàn)略部署、路徑選擇與機制創(chuàng)新[J];教育學術月刊;2011年06期

相關博士學位論文 前1條

1 盧曉旭;基于空間視角的縣域義務教育發(fā)展均衡性測評研究[D];南京師范大學;2011年

相關碩士學位論文 前3條

1 靳園;我國義務教育的區(qū)域性不均衡狀況研究[D];首都經(jīng)濟貿易大學;2007年

2 梁春鳴;中美基礎教育改革中引入市場機制的比較研究[D];東北師范大學;2007年

3 李玲;我國農(nóng)村義務教育的政府供給分析[D];首都經(jīng)濟貿易大學;2008年

，

本文編號：1940084