本文關(guān)鍵詞： 北朝 學(xué)校制度 教育人員 教育內(nèi)容 教育方法 學(xué)校管理　出處：《吉林大學(xué)》2012年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：公元386年到公元581年在中國(guó)北方出現(xiàn)了北魏、東魏、西魏、北齊、北周五個(gè)王朝,是中國(guó)歷史上的北朝時(shí)期。本文對(duì)北朝學(xué)校制度所涉及到的學(xué)校設(shè)置、教育人員、教育內(nèi)容、教育方法、學(xué)校管理等方面內(nèi)容進(jìn)行了論述。全文共分為下列幾個(gè)主要的部分： 前言部分,包括研究對(duì)象的界定、前人研究的總結(jié)和寫作思路的闡述等內(nèi)容,是本文研究的基礎(chǔ)。 第一章,論述了北朝時(shí)期中央官學(xué)、地方官學(xué)和私學(xué)三類學(xué)校的設(shè)置情況。 北朝時(shí)期中央官學(xué)按照其發(fā)展特點(diǎn)可以分為北魏前期、北魏后期和東西對(duì)峙時(shí)期等三個(gè)時(shí)期。中央官學(xué)的設(shè)立、類型、規(guī)模、分布等問(wèn)題是本章探討的重要問(wèn)題。北朝時(shí)期形成了完整的地方官學(xué)體系。地方官學(xué)體系構(gòu)成與規(guī)模等問(wèn)題也是本文所探討的問(wèn)題。在北朝時(shí)期國(guó)家一度頒布了禁止私學(xué)的詔令,然而北魏后期以來(lái),私學(xué)卻得到了恢復(fù)發(fā)展。本章還探討了私學(xué)類型與規(guī)模等問(wèn)題。 第二章,以北朝時(shí)期的教育人員為研究對(duì)象,探討了教學(xué)活動(dòng)中的老師和學(xué)生的情況。 北朝時(shí)期教育活動(dòng)中的教育者包括官學(xué)中的學(xué)官和私學(xué)中的教授者。本章通過(guò)分類研究,進(jìn)而探討了官學(xué)學(xué)官的類別、選任、待遇；私學(xué)教授者的類別、教學(xué)與收入等問(wèn)題。北朝時(shí)期教學(xué)活動(dòng)中的受教育者可以統(tǒng)稱為諸生,既包括在官學(xué)之中求學(xué)之人也包括在私學(xué)之中求學(xué)之人。諸生的入學(xué)、求學(xué)、師生關(guān)系、結(jié)束學(xué)業(yè)后的出路等問(wèn)題都是本章探討的重要問(wèn)題。 第三章,論述了北朝時(shí)期的教育內(nèi)容與教育方法。 北朝時(shí)期的教育內(nèi)容包括蒙學(xué)階段的教育內(nèi)容、學(xué)術(shù)教育內(nèi)容和專業(yè)教育內(nèi)容三個(gè)方面。在北朝時(shí)期的蒙學(xué)階段。諸生主要學(xué)習(xí)《急就章》、《孝經(jīng)》、《論語(yǔ)》等內(nèi)容。這一時(shí)期學(xué)校教育的主要內(nèi)容為五經(jīng)為代表的儒家經(jīng)典文獻(xiàn)。玄學(xué)與佛學(xué)對(duì)于學(xué)校教育內(nèi)容都產(chǎn)生了影響。在北朝時(shí)期也存在著各種專門教育的教學(xué)內(nèi)容。北朝時(shí)期的教育者在教育的工作中所采用的講誦法、問(wèn)答法與辯難法、正面引導(dǎo)與反面懲戒法也是本章所探討的問(wèn)題。 第四章,探討了北朝時(shí)期學(xué)校管理的機(jī)構(gòu)和管理規(guī)定情況。 北朝時(shí)期學(xué)校管理機(jī)構(gòu)主要包括太常寺、中書省和國(guó)子寺等機(jī)構(gòu)。北朝時(shí)期管理學(xué)校的法令是《學(xué)令》。本章也探討了學(xué)令的形成過(guò)程和內(nèi)容,進(jìn)而論述了北朝時(shí)期對(duì)于中央官學(xué)和地方官學(xué)的管理規(guī)定。 結(jié)語(yǔ)部分,則是對(duì)本文論述內(nèi)容的總結(jié)。此外在寫作過(guò)程中收集、整理的資料列成表格作為附錄附于文章最后以供參考。
[Abstract]:In the year 386 to the year 581 in the North China appeared in the Northern Wei Dynasty, Eastern Wei, Western Wei, Northern Qi Dynasty, the Northern Zhou Dynasty Five Dynasties and Northern Dynasties is China history. This paper of the northern school system involved in school settings, educators, educational content, educational methods, school management and other aspects are discussed. The full text is divided into the following main parts:
The preface, including the definition of the object of study, the summary of previous studies and the elaboration of the thinking of writing, is the basis of this study.
The first chapter discusses the Northern Dynasties of central government, local government schools and three schools of private schools set up.
The Northern Dynasties Central School in accordance with the characteristics of its development can be divided into three periods of the early Northern Wei Dynasty, the late Northern Wei Dynasty and east-west confrontation period. The establishment of a central government school type, scale, distribution is an important problem in this chapter. The Northern Dynasties formed a complete local school system. Local school system and scale other issues are also discussed in this paper. In the Northern Dynasties country was promulgated a ban on private schools since the late Northern Wei Dynasty Dahir, however, the private school has been restored. This chapter also discusses the type and scale of private school.
In the second chapter, the teachers and students in the teaching activities are discussed in the Northern Dynasties.
Educational activities in Northern Dynasties including education in public school and private school in the school professor. This chapter through the classification, and then discusses the background of the official school categories, selection, treatment; Professor of private school the class, teaching and income. Education teaching activities in the Northern Dynasties as for all students, both in the official school were also included in the private school. The students of the school, study, teacher-student relationship, academic problems end outlet after all is an important problem in this chapter.
In the third chapter, the educational contents and methods of the Northern Dynasties were discussed.
The content of education educational content in the Northern Dynasties including the elementary stage, the three aspects of academic education and professional education in the elementary stage of the Northern Dynasties. The students mainly learn. < < > > haste, filial piety, "the Analects of Confucius > content. The main content in this period of schooling is Wujing as the representative of the Confucian classic literature metaphysics and Buddhism. The school education will be affected. In the Northern Dynasties there are all kinds of special education teaching contents. The Northern Dynasties education adopted in the education work in telling method, method and structure method, positive guidance and negative punishment of law is also in this chapter.
The fourth chapter discusses the regulations and regulations of the school management in the Northern Dynasties.
The school management mechanism mainly includes Taichangsi, Zhongshusheng and public institutions such as the Northern Dynasties temple. School management law is the ". This chapter also discusses the formation process and content, and then discusses the Northern Dynasties for the central government and local officials, the management rules.
The concluding part is the summary of the contents discussed in this paper. Besides, the collected and arranged data in the process of writing are tabled as an appendix to the end of the article for reference.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：K239.2;G529

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 王巖;唐代太常博士考論[D];陜西師范大學(xué);2013年

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本文編號(hào)：1507400