本文選題：梁啟超　切入點：新文化運動　出處：《清華大學(xué)》2012年博士論文

【摘要】：1920年，歐游歸來的梁啟超積極投身于新文化運動中。歐洲之行促成了他思想的轉(zhuǎn)變。他在對于西方啟蒙運動以來的科學(xué)理性予以反思的同時，將中國新文化的建設(shè)途徑指向中西“化合”和“以復(fù)古求解放”，并以人文主義為其精神內(nèi)核。這與新文化運動的主流話語顯出差別。梁啟超將文學(xué)作為新文化建設(shè)的重要領(lǐng)域，繼“三界革命”時代之后，再次給予文學(xué)較多關(guān)注，但其文學(xué)觀已與早年將文學(xué)作為啟蒙之利器的時代判然不同，也與文學(xué)革命的主導(dǎo)傾向形成對話。 1920年代梁啟超的文學(xué)研究以詩學(xué)為主干，詩學(xué)成為其實踐“培養(yǎng)新人才”、“宣傳新文化”、“開拓新政治”主張的重要載體。他在國學(xué)的框架內(nèi)對于傳統(tǒng)詩歌進行了重新闡釋，但他并不以狹義詩學(xué)為滿足，而是以此為基礎(chǔ)，試圖達到對于整體性的文學(xué)的認識，這使其詩學(xué)又上升為廣義詩學(xué)。不同于早年只關(guān)注文學(xué)的功用，他回歸文學(xué)的審美屬性，從“情感”的角度界定文學(xué)。梁啟超的情感觀中既有倡導(dǎo)情感解放的啟蒙現(xiàn)代性的一面，又有以情感平衡理性的反思現(xiàn)代性的一面。他強調(diào)新文化運動不能缺少情感維度，將西方在現(xiàn)代發(fā)展中單純強調(diào)科學(xué)理性所導(dǎo)致的“唯物的、機械的人生觀”作為新文化建設(shè)的前車之鑒。他將文學(xué)作為對國民進行“情感教育”的利器，在其中既有啟蒙的因素，又有文化的因素，兩者相輔相成。梁啟超在其詩學(xué)中著力梳理和闡發(fā)了中國文學(xué)源遠流長的抒情傳統(tǒng)，他不但以此將屈原等詩人的崇高情感樹立為新文學(xué)家的主體人格建構(gòu)的典范，而且以此教育現(xiàn)代國民，其中他特別注意了傳統(tǒng)文學(xué)在文化轉(zhuǎn)型期對于形成全民族新的文化認同所能發(fā)揮的作用。 梁啟超1920年代的詩學(xué)體系建構(gòu)既吸收了中國傳統(tǒng)詩學(xué)成果，又借鑒了某些西方文學(xué)理論和方法。他的研究兼具文學(xué)批評和文學(xué)史兩種形態(tài)，并努力實現(xiàn)史、論的結(jié)合，同時還采用了中西文學(xué)比較的方法。其詩學(xué)表現(xiàn)出明確的方法論意識和兼收并蓄的開闊格局。 梁啟超的詩學(xué)探索雖然有其時代性的局限，仍以其獨特性有力地推動了正處在形成期的中國現(xiàn)代詩學(xué)。因其與主流話語的差異，豐富了現(xiàn)代詩學(xué)的多元構(gòu)成，并為中國詩學(xué)的未來發(fā)展提供范式。遺憾的是，，梁啟超1920年代的詩學(xué)成果目前尚未得到充分重視，亟待深入研究。
[Abstract]:In 1920, Liang Qichao returned from a European tour and actively devoted himself to the New Culture Movement.His trip to Europe brought about a change of mind.While reflecting on the scientific rationality since the Western Enlightenment, he pointed the way of the construction of Chinese new culture to the "combination" between China and the West and "seeking liberation with the restoration of the ancient times", and took humanism as its spiritual core.This is different from the mainstream discourse of the New Culture Movement.Liang Qichao took literature as an important field in the construction of new culture and paid more attention to literature again after the "three realms revolution" era, but his literary view was different from the era in which literature was regarded as a sharp weapon of enlightenment in his early years.Also form dialogue with the dominant tendency of the literary revolution.In 1920s, Liang Qichao's literary research focused on poetics, which became an important carrier for his practice of "cultivating new talents", "propagating new culture" and "opening up new politics".He reinterprets the traditional poetry within the framework of the study of Chinese classics, but he is not satisfied with the narrow sense of poetics, but on this basis, he tries to reach the understanding of the whole literature, which makes his poetics rise to the broad sense of poetics.Instead of paying attention to the function of literature in his early years, he returned to the aesthetic attribute of literature and defined literature from the angle of emotion.Liang Qichao's view of emotion not only advocates the enlightening modernity of emotional liberation, but also reflects on modernity with emotional balance and rationality.He emphasized that the New Culture Movement could not lack the emotional dimension, and took the "materialistic and mechanical outlook on life", which resulted from the emphasis on scientific rationality in the modern development of the West, as a precursor to the construction of a new culture.He regards literature as a sharp weapon of "emotional education" for the people, in which there are both enlightenment and cultural factors, which complement each other.In his poetics, Liang Qichao made great efforts to sort out and expound the lyrical tradition of Chinese literature with a long history. He not only established the lofty feelings of poets such as qu Yuan as the model of the construction of the subject personality of the new writers, but also educated the modern people.Among them, he paid special attention to the role of traditional literature in forming the new cultural identity of the whole nation in the period of cultural transformation.Liang Qichao's poetics system construction in 1920s not only absorbed the achievements of Chinese traditional poetics, but also drew lessons from some western literary theories and methods.His research has both literary criticism and literary history, and makes great efforts to realize the combination of history and theory. At the same time, he adopts the method of comparing Chinese and western literature.His poetics shows a clear sense of methodology and an inclusive and open pattern.Although Liang Qichao's poetics exploration has its limitations of the times, it still promotes the modern Chinese poetics which is in its formative period with its uniqueness.Because of its difference from the mainstream discourse, it enriches the pluralistic composition of modern poetics and provides a paradigm for the future development of Chinese poetics.Unfortunately, Liang Qichao's poetic achievements in the 1920s have not been paid enough attention to, and need to be studied in depth.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：清華大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：I207.22

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 儲曉亮;中國詩學(xué)情感本體的確立[D];安徽師范大學(xué);2007年

本文編號：1719070