【摘要】：在馬克思那里,現(xiàn)代社會(huì)就是資本主義社會(huì),現(xiàn)代性即資本邏輯支配下的現(xiàn)代社會(huì)的質(zhì)的規(guī)定性。其資本現(xiàn)代性理論具有豐富的內(nèi)涵,其以實(shí)踐性、生成性、世界性的視角對(duì)現(xiàn)代性問(wèn)題進(jìn)行了總體性把握,指出資本是現(xiàn)代社會(huì)生成的本質(zhì)根據(jù)。即資本開(kāi)啟了現(xiàn)代文明,推動(dòng)歷史向世界歷史轉(zhuǎn)變,確立了人對(duì)自然的主體地位,然而資本又造成了現(xiàn)代性困境,即個(gè)人受抽象同一性統(tǒng)治,人的物化和片面發(fā)展以及人與自然的對(duì)立,進(jìn)而通過(guò)分析資本的自反性提出利用資本,超越資本的現(xiàn)實(shí)路徑,以達(dá)到社會(huì)主義新現(xiàn)代性建構(gòu)的目標(biāo)。新形勢(shì)下召開(kāi)的全國(guó)高校思想政治工作會(huì)議,指出了高校思想政治工作關(guān)系高校培養(yǎng)什么樣的人、如何培養(yǎng)人以及為誰(shuí)培養(yǎng)人這個(gè)根本問(wèn)題,正是對(duì)西方現(xiàn)代性在全球擴(kuò)展的時(shí)代背景下如何發(fā)展中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義教育的深刻追問(wèn)。在馬克思資本現(xiàn)代性理論視域下研究大學(xué)生思想政治教育,正是對(duì)這個(gè)根本問(wèn)題的深度回答與指導(dǎo),是新形勢(shì)下推動(dòng)思想政治教育理論與實(shí)踐的發(fā)展,提高大學(xué)生思想道德素質(zhì)、促進(jìn)大學(xué)生自由全面發(fā)展的必然要求。全球化進(jìn)程不斷加劇,我國(guó)市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)繁榮發(fā)展,思想政治教育在這一現(xiàn)代性境遇中取得了長(zhǎng)足的發(fā)展,但也產(chǎn)生了某些方面的問(wèn)題,以馬克思資本現(xiàn)代性理論審視之,主要表現(xiàn)在以下幾個(gè)方面:一是公共性資源匱乏,尚未形成應(yīng)對(duì)現(xiàn)代性境遇的教育合力;二是面對(duì)西方主導(dǎo)的現(xiàn)代性,教育理論的中國(guó)現(xiàn)代性特色彰顯不足;三是在科學(xué)理性的影響下,教育過(guò)程中理論與實(shí)踐相脫離;四是現(xiàn)代性發(fā)展過(guò)程中主體性缺失,缺少人文關(guān)懷。以上這些問(wèn)題與思想政治教育缺乏馬克思資本現(xiàn)代性理論的整體關(guān)照密切相關(guān),缺乏對(duì)現(xiàn)代性的總體把握視角與方法。思想政治教育要在現(xiàn)代性境遇下進(jìn)一步落實(shí)立德樹(shù)人的根本任務(wù),發(fā)揮建設(shè)中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義教育的關(guān)鍵作用,要在馬克思資本現(xiàn)代性理論的指導(dǎo)下,建構(gòu)具有中國(guó)特色的教育現(xiàn)代性理論指導(dǎo)教育教學(xué)實(shí)踐;在歷史方位中明確現(xiàn)代性教育目標(biāo),形成宏觀總體目標(biāo)、中觀階段性目標(biāo)、微觀具體目標(biāo)的目標(biāo)層次體系;培育社會(huì)主義現(xiàn)代性新主體,消解物化因素,綻現(xiàn)人的主體地位,并在個(gè)體與群體、人與自然的關(guān)系中進(jìn)一步把握新主體意蘊(yùn),最終促進(jìn)自我意識(shí)覺(jué)醒,培育主體性自覺(jué)。
[Abstract]:In Marx's view, modern society is capitalist society, which is the qualitative stipulation of modern society dominated by capital logic. Its theory of capital modernization has rich connotation, and it holds the problem of modernization from the perspective of practicality, generation and cosmopolitan, and points out that capital is the essential basis for the generation of modern society. That is to say, capital has opened up modern civilization, promoted the transformation of history to world history, and established the subject position of man to nature. However, capital has caused the dilemma of modernization, that is, the individual is ruled by abstract identity, the materialization and one-sided development of human beings and the opposition between man and nature, and then the realistic path of using capital and surpassing capital is put forward by analyzing the reflexivity of capital, so as to achieve the goal of constructing new socialist modernization. The National Conference on ideological and political work in Colleges and Universities held under the new situation points out that the ideological and political work in colleges and universities is related to what kind of people to cultivate in colleges and universities, how to train people and for whom to train people, which is a profound inquiry into how to develop socialist education with Chinese characteristics under the background of the global expansion of western modernity. To study the ideological and political education of college students from the perspective of Marx's theory of capital modernity is the deep answer and guidance to this fundamental question, and it is the inevitable requirement to promote the development of the theory and practice of ideological and political education, improve the ideological and moral quality of college students and promote the free and all-round development of college students under the new situation. With the continuous aggravation of the process of globalization and the prosperity and development of the market economy in our country, ideological and political education has made great progress in this modern situation, but it has also produced some problems. From the perspective of Marx's theory of capital modernization, it is mainly manifested in the following aspects: first, the lack of public resources has not yet formed an educational joint force to deal with the modern situation; Second, in the face of western-led modernization, the Chinese characteristics of educational theory are insufficient; third, under the influence of scientific rationality, theory and practice are separated from each other in the process of education; fourth, there is a lack of subjectivity and lack of humanistic care in the process of modern development. The above problems are closely related to the lack of the overall care of Marx's theory of capital modernity in ideological and political education, and the lack of the perspective and method of overall grasp of modernization. Under the modern situation, ideological and political education should further carry out the fundamental task of building morality and cultivate human beings, give full play to the key role of building socialist education with Chinese characteristics, and construct the theory of educational modernization with Chinese characteristics to guide educational and teaching practice under the guidance of Marx's theory of capital modernization. In the historical orientation, the goal of modern education is defined, the macro-overall goal, the meso-phased goal and the micro-specific goal are formed, the new subject of socialist modernization is cultivated, the materialized factors are dispelled, the subject status of human being is blooming, and the implication of new subject is further grasped in the relationship between individual and group, man and nature, so as to promote the awakening of self-consciousness and cultivate subjective consciousness.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：G641

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