本文選題：模式科學(xué) + 成功��； 參考：《北京大學(xué)教育評論》2016年01期

【摘要】：在被吉本斯及其同事稱為模式2科學(xué)的世界,何為"成功"?本文通過對美國威斯康星大學(xué)麥迪遜分校兩所研究機構(gòu)參與創(chuàng)建或從事研究的相關(guān)人員進行訪談,考察他們?nèi)绾蜗胂笏谘芯繖C構(gòu)及其科學(xué)家的"成功"。受訪者的反饋可歸納為有限的幾種范疇。大多數(shù)反饋在總體上證實了與模式2科學(xué)相聯(lián)系的一些特征:"交叉-"、"超-"、"多-"或"跨-"學(xué)科性,合作研究,產(chǎn)業(yè)與學(xué)術(shù)的邊界模糊或合作日益推進,以及更強調(diào)公共問責(zé)。幾乎沒有受訪者在闡述他們對成功的理解時,提供顯著的確切證據(jù)。這可能是無可避免的。我們生活在一個復(fù)雜的世界,這個世界中我們最為看重的各種目標不可能為一些簡單的標準所輕易測量。正是測量投入、產(chǎn)出以及特征的無力,使得背景多樣、目標不一的人們能夠聚在一起想象成功,用著相同的術(shù)語卻可能并非指向同一件事。作者最后指出模式2或者至少是最常與之相聯(lián)的那些維度,在科學(xué)政策制定者、科學(xué)家等群體中已然成為一種信念——意識形態(tài)——而未必是一種經(jīng)驗現(xiàn)實。
[Abstract]:What is success in a world that Gibbons and his colleagues call mode 2 science? In this paper, by interviewing the researchers involved in the establishment or research of two research institutes at the University of Wisconsin Madison, this paper examines how they can imagine the "success" of their research institutions and their scientists. Feedback from interviewees can be summed up in a limited number of categories. Most feedback generally confirms some of the characteristics associated with mode 2 science: "cross-"," super-", "multi-" or" transdisciplinary ", collaborative research, blurring or growing collaboration between industry and academia, and greater emphasis on public accountability. Few interviewees provided clear evidence of their understanding of success. This may be inevitable. We live in a complex world in which the goals we value most cannot be easily measured by simple standards. It is the inability to measure inputs, outputs, and features that allows people with diverse backgrounds and different goals to come together to imagine success, but in the same terminology may not point to the same thing. Finally, the author points out that mode 2, or at least the dimensions most often associated with it, has become a belief-ideology-not an empirical reality in scientific policy makers, scientists and other groups.
【作者單位】： 威斯康星大學(xué)麥迪遜分校;北京大學(xué)教育學(xué)院;
【基金】：西格瑞德·彼得森(SigridPeterson)的研究資助 國家科學(xué)基金(PRJ61JS) 威斯康星校友研究基金 威斯康星大學(xué)麥迪遜分校研究與研究生教育副教務(wù)長辦公室(資助來自WARF)對研究項目的支持 丹尼爾·李·克萊曼也得到韓國研究基金(NRF-2010-330-B00169)
【分類號】：G649.712
，

本文編號：1967809