本文選題：近代　切入點(diǎn)：氣象學(xué)　出處：《南京信息工程大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：近代氣象學(xué)和物理、化學(xué)等諸多學(xué)科一樣,并不是在本土的知識(shí)積累和科技創(chuàng)新的基礎(chǔ)上自覺自發(fā)形成的,而是通過對(duì)西方先進(jìn)的科學(xué)知識(shí)的“移植”和傳播而不斷發(fā)展的。在這個(gè)過程中,近代氣象學(xué)留學(xué)生發(fā)揮了不可替代的作用。他們不僅將西方先進(jìn)的氣象科學(xué)引進(jìn)國內(nèi),更積極的利用所學(xué),開展中國獨(dú)立自主的氣象事業(yè),為中國近代乃至現(xiàn)今的氣象科學(xué)的發(fā)展和本土化打下基礎(chǔ)�；诖�,本文以近代氣象學(xué)留學(xué)生這一特殊群體為研究對(duì)象,對(duì)近代氣象學(xué)留學(xué)生進(jìn)行了專門的研究和探討。首先,本文為廓清本課題的研究范圍對(duì)“近代氣象學(xué)留學(xué)生”的概念和選擇標(biāo)準(zhǔn)進(jìn)行了闡釋,并在此基礎(chǔ)上,整理出了《中國近代氣象學(xué)留學(xué)生名錄》,對(duì)近代竺可楨等38位氣象學(xué)留學(xué)生的出國前、出國中、回國后的多項(xiàng)信息進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì),這成為本文研究和分析的基礎(chǔ)。其次,本文對(duì)近代氣象學(xué)留學(xué)生的留學(xué)背景進(jìn)行了細(xì)致的統(tǒng)計(jì)分析,對(duì)該群體在籍貫、性別、學(xué)歷、留學(xué)次數(shù)、出國時(shí)間和年齡等方面呈現(xiàn)的特點(diǎn)加以總結(jié)和闡述,并對(duì)近代氣象學(xué)留學(xué)生在選拔過程中的選拔條件和方式以及所受到的資助方式和費(fèi)用情況進(jìn)行了統(tǒng)計(jì)和比較分析,這些是探討和梳理近代氣象學(xué)留學(xué)生國外活動(dòng)和回國貢獻(xiàn)的源頭。第三,本文對(duì)近代氣象學(xué)留學(xué)生的留學(xué)過程加以關(guān)照,對(duì)該群體留學(xué)的國家、學(xué)校、年限、所獲學(xué)位等指標(biāo)進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)和分析,并突出的關(guān)注氣象學(xué)留學(xué)生在國外的學(xué)習(xí)過程,對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)的課程、研究方向、實(shí)習(xí)、考察等活動(dòng)都予以探究。從中可以發(fā)現(xiàn),近代氣象學(xué)留學(xué)生大多留學(xué)歐美等氣象強(qiáng)國,并師從名師,在留學(xué)期間也大多取得重要的研究成果,凸顯了近代氣象學(xué)留學(xué)生在氣象科學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)和引領(lǐng)上的優(yōu)勢(shì)。第四,本文著重對(duì)近代氣象學(xué)留學(xué)生歸國后的氣象活動(dòng)進(jìn)行梳理,將該群體在國內(nèi)氣象教育和氣象科學(xué)研究上所做的探索和貢獻(xiàn)加以系統(tǒng)化,理清了近代氣象學(xué)生在氣象學(xué)科建立、氣象知識(shí)教育和氣象科學(xué)研究上的活動(dòng)脈絡(luò),突出了近代氣象學(xué)留學(xué)生在近代氣象科學(xué)建立和發(fā)展過程中的主導(dǎo)地位。最后,本文對(duì)近代氣象學(xué)留學(xué)生之于近代氣象科學(xué)發(fā)展的影響進(jìn)行分析和論述,闡明該群體對(duì)近代氣象事業(yè)建設(shè)、氣象教育發(fā)展和氣象科學(xué)研究等方面的突出貢獻(xiàn)。從中可以發(fā)現(xiàn),近代氣象學(xué)留學(xué)生無論在氣象學(xué)發(fā)展方向上的引領(lǐng)還是在國內(nèi)氣象事業(yè)建設(shè)活動(dòng)中都發(fā)揮著主導(dǎo)作用,他們接受了國外先進(jìn)的氣象科學(xué)知識(shí)和研究理念,更將其付諸教育實(shí)踐當(dāng)中,推動(dòng)了近代中國國內(nèi)氣象教育和氣象科學(xué)研究的巨大飛躍,為氣象科學(xué)本土化發(fā)展奠定了堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)。通過本文的研究和分析,對(duì)近代氣象學(xué)留學(xué)生這一特殊群體的群體特征和群體貢獻(xiàn)有了清晰的展現(xiàn),對(duì)近代氣象科學(xué)研究和留學(xué)史研究提供了有益借鑒。
[Abstract]:In modern times, meteorology, physics, chemistry and many other subjects, like many other disciplines, were not formed spontaneously on the basis of local knowledge accumulation and scientific and technological innovation. In this process, the international students of modern meteorology played an irreplaceable role. They not only introduced advanced western meteorological science into the country, To make more active use of what we have learned, to develop China's independent meteorological cause, and to lay a foundation for the development and localization of meteorological science in modern China and even today. Based on this, this paper takes the special group of international students in modern meteorology as the research object. The international students of modern meteorology have been specially studied and discussed. Firstly, in order to clarify the research scope of this subject, this paper explains the concept and selection criteria of "international students in modern meteorology", and on this basis, This paper collates out the Directory of International students in Modern Chinese Meteorology, and makes statistics on the information of 38 overseas students of meteorology such as Zhu Kezhen before, during and after returning from abroad. This has become the basis for the research and analysis of this paper. Secondly, This paper makes a detailed statistical analysis on the background of overseas students studying in modern meteorology, and summarizes and expounds the characteristics of this group in the aspects of origin, sex, educational background, number of times of studying abroad, time and age of going abroad, etc. In addition, the conditions and methods of selecting international students in modern meteorology, as well as the financial aid and expenses received in the selection process, are statistically analyzed and compared. These are the sources of exploring and combing the overseas activities of international students in modern meteorology and their contribution to their return to China. Third, this paper takes care of the process of studying abroad for the overseas students of modern meteorology, and gives attention to the countries, schools, and years of study of this group. Statistics and analysis of such indicators as degrees obtained, and prominent attention to the process of studying abroad by overseas students in meteorology, as well as research on courses, research directions, internships, inspections and other activities, can be found. Most international students in modern meteorology studied in Europe and the United States and other meteorological powers, and studied with famous teachers. During their study abroad, most of them also obtained important research results, which highlighted the advantages of the international students in meteorology in the study and guidance of meteorological science. Fourth, In this paper, the meteorological activities of the overseas students in modern meteorology after returning to China are emphatically combed, the exploration and contribution made by this group in the domestic meteorological education and meteorological science research are systematized, and the establishment of the meteorological discipline for the modern meteorological students is clarified. The operational context of meteorological knowledge education and meteorological scientific research highlights the leading position of international students in modern meteorology in the establishment and development of modern meteorological science. Finally, This paper analyzes and discusses the influence of overseas students in modern meteorology on the development of modern meteorological science, and expounds the outstanding contributions of this group to the construction of modern meteorology, the development of meteorological education and the research of meteorological science. International students in modern meteorology have played a leading role both in the development direction of meteorology and in the domestic meteorological construction activities. They have accepted advanced meteorological scientific knowledge and research ideas from abroad. It has promoted the great leap of meteorological education and meteorological science research in modern China, and laid a solid foundation for the localization development of meteorological science. It has clearly demonstrated the group characteristics and contributions of the special group of overseas students in modern meteorology, and has provided a useful reference for the study of modern meteorological science and the history of studying abroad.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京信息工程大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：G648.9;P4

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