本文關(guān)鍵詞： 農(nóng)村訂單定向醫(yī)學(xué)生 本科 教學(xué)狀況 教學(xué)體系 云南省　出處：《昆明醫(yī)科大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：[目的]本研究旨在通過對云南省3所本科高等院校進行實證研究,切實了解農(nóng)村訂單定向本科醫(yī)學(xué)生教學(xué)狀況,發(fā)現(xiàn)存在的問題,在對基本情況、理論課程設(shè)置、實踐教學(xué)安排等內(nèi)容及其影響因素進行概括和分析的基礎(chǔ)上,適應(yīng)云南省實情,以全科醫(yī)師規(guī)范化培訓(xùn)需求和農(nóng)村醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生工作需求為導(dǎo)向,對農(nóng)村訂單定向本科醫(yī)學(xué)生的教學(xué)體系進行探索,為規(guī)范和促進云南省農(nóng)村訂單定向本科醫(yī)學(xué)生的培養(yǎng)工作提供可行的對策和建議。[方法]本研究選取招收農(nóng)村訂單定向本科醫(yī)學(xué)生的昆明醫(yī)科大學(xué)、大理大學(xué)、昆明理工大學(xué)為研究現(xiàn)場,運用分層整群抽樣和偶遇抽樣的方法抽取1673名學(xué)生和121名教師作為問卷調(diào)查對象,選取7名管理人員、10名師資、62名學(xué)生作為訪談對象。采用問卷調(diào)查、個人訪談法和現(xiàn)有資料收集等方式現(xiàn)場收集信息。問卷調(diào)查內(nèi)容包括農(nóng)村訂單定向本科醫(yī)學(xué)生和師資的基本信息,訂單定向醫(yī)學(xué)生的培養(yǎng)目標(biāo)、課程設(shè)置、教學(xué)安排、實踐教學(xué)等內(nèi)容評價。個人訪談內(nèi)容包括農(nóng)村訂單定向本科醫(yī)學(xué)生、師資、管理人員對農(nóng)村訂單定向醫(yī)學(xué)生相關(guān)政策、課程設(shè)置、教學(xué)管理等內(nèi)容的看法、存在的困難和建議等�，F(xiàn)有資料收集內(nèi)容包括培養(yǎng)目標(biāo)、課程設(shè)置、教學(xué)內(nèi)容、實踐教學(xué)等情況資料。現(xiàn)有資料和訪談資料采用歸納法進行總結(jié)分析,問卷調(diào)查資料采用Epidata3.1建立數(shù)據(jù)庫,對數(shù)據(jù)進行錄入核對整理后,導(dǎo)入SPSS22.0統(tǒng)計軟件包進行χ2檢驗、秩和檢驗、二分類非條件Logistic回歸等統(tǒng)計學(xué)分析。[結(jié)果]1.云南省農(nóng)村訂單定向本科醫(yī)學(xué)生培養(yǎng)項目已啟動實施多年,但是教學(xué)組織實施較不規(guī)范。昆明醫(yī)科大學(xué)和大理大學(xué)于2010年首批培養(yǎng)訂單定向本科醫(yī)學(xué)生的學(xué)校,單列制訂了農(nóng)村訂單定向醫(yī)學(xué)生的培養(yǎng)目標(biāo)、課程體系和教學(xué)內(nèi)容,實踐教學(xué)安排等,住院醫(yī)師規(guī)范化培訓(xùn)項目在云南省全面開展實施,全科醫(yī)師規(guī)范化培訓(xùn)內(nèi)容也在逐步完善,但是這2所學(xué)校沒有根據(jù)此項目重新規(guī)劃訂單定向本科醫(yī)學(xué)生的教學(xué)體系,甚至個別學(xué)校仍沒有制訂單獨的農(nóng)村訂單定向本科醫(yī)學(xué)生教學(xué)體系,培養(yǎng)目標(biāo)、教學(xué)內(nèi)容和實踐教學(xué)安排與普通臨床醫(yī)學(xué)專業(yè)學(xué)生一致。2.云南省61.75%的農(nóng)村訂單定向本科醫(yī)學(xué)生評價就讀學(xué)校訂單定向醫(yī)學(xué)生教學(xué)狀況好,認(rèn)為教學(xué)狀況可以培養(yǎng)出今后能夠在基層醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生機構(gòu)工作的人才。性別、年級、就讀類型、戶籍與就職地、培養(yǎng)目標(biāo)知曉、課程有助于基層衛(wèi)生工作、教材滿足知識學(xué)習(xí)需求、課程考核形式、學(xué)習(xí)期望效果是評價學(xué)校訂單定向醫(yī)學(xué)生教學(xué)狀況好壞的影響因素。培養(yǎng)目標(biāo)方面,58.47%的師資和57.84%的學(xué)生知道本校訂單定向醫(yī)學(xué)生的培養(yǎng)目標(biāo),92.75%的師資和78.14%的學(xué)生認(rèn)為本校訂單定向醫(yī)學(xué)生培養(yǎng)目標(biāo)合理。課程體系和教學(xué)內(nèi)容方面,分別有89.46%和77.50%的學(xué)生滿意本校訂單定向醫(yī)學(xué)生必修課的課程內(nèi)容模塊設(shè)置和選修課課程內(nèi)容安排,96.61%的師資和92.19%的學(xué)生認(rèn)為負(fù)責(zé)講授/本校開設(shè)的訂單定向醫(yī)學(xué)生課程能夠有助于從事今后的基層衛(wèi)生工作,81.36%的師資和86.86%的學(xué)生認(rèn)為需要以執(zhí)業(yè)醫(yī)師考試要求設(shè)置訂單定向醫(yī)學(xué)生的課程模塊,84.75%的師資和86.48%的學(xué)生認(rèn)為需要以執(zhí)業(yè)醫(yī)師考試要求和住院醫(yī)師規(guī)范化培訓(xùn)要求設(shè)置訂單定向醫(yī)學(xué)生的課程模塊。教學(xué)方法方面,91.01%的學(xué)生滿意本校訂單定向醫(yī)學(xué)生開設(shè)課程的教學(xué)方法,88.14%的師資認(rèn)為訂單定向醫(yī)學(xué)生教學(xué)可采取方法最多的是案例教學(xué)。課程考核形式方面,91.13%的學(xué)生滿意本校訂單定向醫(yī)學(xué)生開設(shè)課程的考核形式,52.54%的師資認(rèn)為最適合訂單定向醫(yī)學(xué)生的課程考核形式是筆試+技能操作+ 口試。實踐教學(xué)安排方面,84.13%的學(xué)生滿意本校訂單定向醫(yī)學(xué)生的臨床實踐技能培訓(xùn),87.85%的學(xué)生滿意本校訂單定向醫(yī)學(xué)生的臨床綜合醫(yī)院實習(xí)安排,85.86%的學(xué)生滿意本校訂單定向醫(yī)學(xué)生的基層醫(yī)院實習(xí)安排。3.云南省訂單定向本科醫(yī)學(xué)生、師資、管理人員分別對課程體系和教學(xué)內(nèi)容、課程考核形式、臨床實踐教學(xué)安排等內(nèi)容闡述了自己的看法。訪談對象普遍反映理論課課程內(nèi)容安排與普通臨床醫(yī)學(xué)專業(yè)一致,只是增加了一些全科醫(yī)學(xué)方面的內(nèi)容,但是沒有考慮到地方特點,應(yīng)該開設(shè)或增設(shè)民族風(fēng)俗文化類、地方病等診斷及治療、中醫(yī)學(xué)診療技術(shù)等專業(yè)選修課程,同時開設(shè)針對訂單定向本科醫(yī)學(xué)生的職業(yè)規(guī)劃課程,并從一年級到五年級采用不同方式均開設(shè)。調(diào)整實踐教學(xué)內(nèi)容、時間的安排,注重培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的綜合能力。另外,課程考核形式應(yīng)該多樣化,注重多站式考核。4.基于云南省農(nóng)村訂單定向本科醫(yī)學(xué)生教學(xué)狀況的理論研究、現(xiàn)場研究、專家咨詢等結(jié)果,探索構(gòu)建云南省農(nóng)村訂單定向本科醫(yī)學(xué)生教學(xué)體系。[結(jié)論]①農(nóng)村訂單定向本科醫(yī)學(xué)生培養(yǎng)項目的教學(xué)組織實施不規(guī)范;②農(nóng)村訂單定向醫(yī)學(xué)生培養(yǎng)的相關(guān)政策宣傳不到位;③農(nóng)村訂單定向醫(yī)學(xué)生課程體系和教學(xué)內(nèi)容安排較不合理;④農(nóng)村訂單定向醫(yī)學(xué)生教學(xué)方法和考核形式需改進;⑤農(nóng)村訂單定向醫(yī)學(xué)生實踐教學(xué)體系不完善;⑥農(nóng)村訂單定向醫(yī)學(xué)生教學(xué)管理工作有欠缺。[建議]①規(guī)范各學(xué)校訂單定向本科醫(yī)學(xué)生教學(xué)組織管理工作;②基于省情,制定符合人才特點的農(nóng)村訂單定向本科醫(yī)學(xué)生培養(yǎng)目標(biāo);③以崗位責(zé)任和勝任力為導(dǎo)向,優(yōu)化設(shè)置農(nóng)村訂單定向醫(yī)學(xué)生課程體系;④以提升教學(xué)質(zhì)量為目標(biāo),采用多樣化的教學(xué)方法和考核評價方式;⑤對實踐教學(xué)安排及內(nèi)容進一步優(yōu)化調(diào)整;⑥適當(dāng)增加基層醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生機構(gòu)見習(xí)或?qū)嵙?xí)時間;⑦注重訂單定向本科醫(yī)學(xué)生教學(xué)師資隊伍建設(shè);⑧建立訂單定向本科醫(yī)學(xué)生的教學(xué)質(zhì)量監(jiān)控體系。
[Abstract]:[Objective] this study aims to make an empirical study of Yunnan province 3 undergraduate colleges and universities, to understand the teaching situation of the order directed undergraduate medical students in rural areas, the problems found in the basic situation, curriculum theory, based on the summary and analysis of the practical teaching content arrangement and its influencing factors, to Yunnan province. And in standardized training of general practitioners and demand of rural medical and health work demand, to explore the rural order directed medical undergraduates teaching system, provide countermeasures and suggestions. This research selects the feasible method to recruit rural order directed undergraduate medical students of Kunming Medical University, to regulate and promote the cultivation of rural order directed in Yunnan province the Department of medical students at the University of Dali, Kunming University of Science and Technology as the research site, extraction method using stratified cluster sampling and random sampling of 1673 students And 121 teachers as subjects, selected 7 management personnel, 10 teachers, 62 students as the interview object. By using the questionnaire survey, individual interview and the existing data collection site to collect information. The questionnaire included basic information of rural order directed undergraduate medical students and teachers, arrange the order directed medical students the training objectives, curriculum, teaching, practice teaching content evaluation. Personal interviews include rural order directed undergraduate medical students, teachers, managers of rural medical orders directed students policy, curriculum setting, teaching management and other contents of the view, the difficulties and suggestions. The existing data collection includes the training target, the curriculum, teaching content, practice teaching and other information. The existing data and interview data were analyzed using the inductive method, the questionnaire survey data using Epidata3.1 To set up the database, the data entry after finishing, import SPSS22.0 software package 2 test, rank sum test, two classification of non conditional Logistic regression and other statistical analysis. Results]1. project training in Yunnan province rural order directed undergraduate medical students has been started for many years, but the organization and implementation of teaching is not normative. The Kunming Medical University and the University of Dali in 2010 the first batch of order training orientation of undergraduate medical students in school, separate developed rural order directed medical students training objectives, curriculum system and teaching content, teaching arrangements, resident standardized training program in Yunnan province to carry out a comprehensive implementation of standardized training of general practitioners also gradually improve, but the 2 school according to the project planning to order orientation of undergraduate medical students teaching system, and even individual schools still did not make separate rural order Teaching system, orientation of undergraduate medical students training objectives, rural order directed undergraduate medical students to evaluate the teaching contents and teaching practice arrangements with ordinary medical students with.2. in Yunnan province 61.75% school medical orders directed students teaching situation, teaching situation can be thought to develop in the future to be able to work in grassroots medical and health institutions personnel sex. School type, residence, grade, and inauguration, training target awareness, course helps grassroots health work, meet the learning needs of teaching knowledge, curriculum assessment, learning expectation effect is the factors affecting the quality of teaching in schools. The order directed medical students' training objectives, teachers and 57.84% 58.47% of the students know the school the order directed medical students training objectives, teachers and 78.14% students 92.75% think the school order directed to cultivate medical students' rational curriculum target. In terms of system and teaching content, respectively 89.46% and 77.50% of the students are satisfied with the contents of curriculum modules compulsory medical orders directed students to set up and elective courses in our school, teachers and 92.19% students think 96.61% responsible for teaching / the school offered medical orders directed courses can help students engage in grassroots health work in the future the teacher and 86.86% students 81.36% that need to physician examination requirements of curriculum module orders directed medical students, teachers and 86.48% students 84.75% that need to test for certified physician and hospital standarlized training curriculum module of medical orders directed students. Teaching methods, 91.01% students satisfied the teaching method of the school medical orders directed students courses, 88.14% teachers think that students can take the teaching oriented medical order method is the largest case teaching . of course assessment form, 91.13% of the students are satisfied with the appraisal form of medical orders directed students courses, 52.54% teachers think the most suitable curriculum assessment in the form of medical orders directed students is written + skills + oral. Practice teaching arrangement, 84.13% students satisfied with the school order directed medical students' clinical practice skills general hospital clinical training, 87.85% students satisfied with the school medical orders directed the internship arrangements, 85.86% of the students are satisfied with the school hospital medical orders directed the internship arrangements for Yunnan province.3. order directed undergraduate medical students, teachers, administrators of the curriculum system and teaching content, curriculum evaluation, clinical practice teaching arrangement etc. The content presented their views. Interviewees generally reflect the arrangement of the content curriculum theory is consistent with the ordinary clinical medicine, just added some general Medical contents, but did not take into account the local characteristics, to open or expand ethnic customs and culture should, diagnosis and treatment of endemic diseases, traditional Chinese medicine treatment technology and other professional elective courses, opened at the same time occupation planning course order orientation of undergraduate medical students, and from the first grade to the fifth grade by different ways are provided. The practice teaching content, time arrangement, pay attention to the cultivation of students' comprehensive ability. In addition, curriculum evaluation should be diversified, focusing on multi station examination of.4. theory research, rural order directed undergraduate medical students in Yunnan province teaching situation based on field research, expert consultation results, explore the construction of training project of rural teaching organization is not standardized order oriented teaching system for undergraduate medical students in Yunnan province. Conclusion] rural order directed undergraduate medical students; policy order directed medical students cultivate the rural. Publicity is not in place; the rural order directed medical students to arrange the curriculum system and teaching content is not reasonable; the rural order directed medical students teaching methods and examination forms should be improved; the practical teaching system of rural order directed medical students is not perfect; the rural order directed medical students teaching management. There is a lack of suggestions of teaching organization] the management of the school order oriented undergraduate medical students; based on the situation, develop in line with the characteristics of talent of rural order directed undergraduate medical students training objectives; the job responsibility and competency oriented, optimization of rural order directed medical students curriculum system; in order to improve the teaching quality as the goal, using a variety of teaching methods and evaluation on the way; practice teaching content arrangement and further optimized; the appropriate increase in basic medical and health institutions internship time, pay attention to order; The construction of teaching staff in single orientation undergraduate medical students teaching; building up the order oriented medical undergraduates teaching quality monitoring system.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：昆明醫(yī)科大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：R-4;G642

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2 黨素芳;高職院�！坝唵问健比瞬排囵B(yǎng)模式研究[D];四川師范大學(xué);2014年

3 陳茜;美國社區(qū)學(xué)院教學(xué)體系研究[D];山西大學(xué);2013年

4 胡志利;高職教育藥學(xué)類人才培養(yǎng)實踐教學(xué)體系研究[D];山東大學(xué);2013年

5 王s，

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