漢語普通話特殊型語言障礙兒童被動句習(xí)得研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間:2017-05-09 09:07
本文關(guān)鍵詞:漢語普通話特殊型語言障礙兒童被動句習(xí)得研究,由筆耕文化傳播整理發(fā)布。
【摘要】:本文研究了講普通話的特殊語言障礙(Specific Language Impairment,簡稱SLI)兒童習(xí)得被動句的情況。通過與英語SLI兒童進(jìn)行比較,本文試圖在論元鏈缺損假說(Argument ChainDeficit Hypothesis,簡稱ACDH)(BorerWexler,1987,1992)和普遍語法語段要求(UniversalP hase Requir ement,簡稱UPR)(Wexler,2004,2007)的基礎(chǔ)上解釋該類兒童被動結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)展中的共性與個(gè)性。 本研究采用控制實(shí)驗(yàn)和自然語料兩種方法,考察了長沙、廣州、合肥和新鄉(xiāng)四個(gè)地方的12名S LI兒童、12名年齡相當(dāng)組兒童(Typically-Developing Age Matched Children,簡稱TDA)和12名語言能力相當(dāng)組兒童(Typically-Developing Younger Children,簡稱TDY)對于不同種類的被動句的產(chǎn)出和理解。主要從以下四個(gè)方面探討SLI兒童對被動句的習(xí)得:漢語中正常兒童和S LI兒童對帶不同述補(bǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)的被動句的理解和產(chǎn)出情況;漢語中SLI兒童與正常兒童對被動句中施事與受事的掌握情況;比較漢語SLI兒童與英語SLI兒童習(xí)得被動句的異同;驗(yàn)證漢語正常兒童和S LI兒童在習(xí)得被動句時(shí)是否符合ACDH和UPR的假設(shè)。 控制實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果顯示:對于帶不同述補(bǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)的被動句的產(chǎn)出和理解,SLI兒童與TDA兒童有顯著性差異,而SLI兒童與T DY兒童沒有顯著性差異;在被動句的模仿方面,SLI兒童與TDA兒童和T DY兒童都有顯著性差異。從受試兒童產(chǎn)出的句型獲知兒童對被動句中施事與受事的掌握,其中產(chǎn)出長被動句數(shù)量最多的是T DA兒童,其次是TDY兒童,最后是SLI兒童;三組兒童產(chǎn)出的短被動句數(shù)量相當(dāng),與論元鏈缺損假說和普遍語法語段要求的預(yù)測不完全一致。 自然語料數(shù)據(jù)顯示:三組兒童產(chǎn)出最多的都是帶結(jié)果補(bǔ)語的短被動句,即NP1-BEI-V-RC結(jié)構(gòu)。從產(chǎn)出的時(shí)間看,SLI兒童產(chǎn)出長被動句和短被動句的時(shí)間均晚于TDA兒童。另外,實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果顯示漢語SLI兒童與英語SLI兒童既存在相似性,即SLI兒童在被動句的習(xí)得方面落后于T DA兒童;又存在差異性,,表現(xiàn)在英語SLI兒童傾向于把短被動句理解為形容詞結(jié)構(gòu),而漢語S LI兒童容易用受事主語句替代短被動句。最后,本文探討了研究結(jié)果對當(dāng)代SLI理論研究的實(shí)踐意義。
【關(guān)鍵詞】:漢語 特殊語言障礙 兒童 被動句 習(xí)得
【學(xué)位授予單位】:湖南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2013
【分類號】:H193.1;G762.2
【目錄】:
- 摘要5-6
- Abstract6-11
- List of Figures11-12
- List of Tables12-13
- Chapter 1 Introduction13-17
- 1.1 Children with SLI13-14
- 1.2 Significance of the Study14-15
- 1.3 Research Questions15
- 1.4 Organization of the Thesis15-17
- Chapter 2 Literature Review17-28
- 2.1 Passive Structures in Mandarin Chinese17-21
- 2.1.1 Syntax of Passives in Mandarin Chinese17-18
- 2.1.2 Semantics of Passives in Mandarin Chinese18-19
- 2.1.3 Summary of the Properties of Chinese Passives19-21
- 2.2 The Acquisition of Passives by Typically Developing Children21-24
- 2.2.1 The Acquisition of Passives in Other Languages21-23
- 2.2.2 The Acquisition of Passives in Mandarin Chinese23-24
- 2.3 The Acquisition of Passives in Children with SLI24-25
- 2.4 Theoretical Hypothesis and Prediction25-28
- 2.4.1 A-chain Deficit Hypothesis25-26
- 2.4.2 Universal Phase Requirement26-28
- Chapter 3 Methodology28-37
- 3.1 Subjects28-30
- 3.1.1 Children with SLI28-30
- 3.1.2 Typically Developing Children30
- 3.2 Materials30-32
- 3.2.1 Verbs in the Test Items30-31
- 3.2.2 Passive Markers in the Test Items31
- 3.2.3 Agents and Patients in Test Items31
- 3.2.4 Complements in Test Items31
- 3.2.5 Test Items31-32
- 3.3 Procedure32-33
- 3.3.1 Experiment 132-33
- 3.3.2 Experiment 233
- 3.3.3 Experiment 333
- 3.4 Scoring33-35
- 3.4.1 Language Production34
- 3.4.2 Language Comprehension34
- 3.4.3 Sentence Imitation34-35
- 3.5 Naturalistic Data35-37
- 3.5.1 Collection of Natural Language35-36
- 3.5.2 Transcription of Natural Language36-37
- Chapter 4 Results37-52
- 4.1 Results of Controlled Experiments37-48
- 4.1.1 Children's Production of Passive Structure37-38
- 4.1.2 Children's Comprehension of Passive Structure38-40
- 4.1.3 Children's Imitation of Passive Structure40-41
- 4.1.4 Three Different Complements in Children's Passive Structure41-46
- 4.1.5 Number of Passive Sentential Forms Children Produced46-48
- 4.2 Analysis of Natural Language48-50
- 4.2.1 Children's Production of Three Types of Passives48-49
- 4.2.2 Children's Production of Passives with Three Complements49-50
- 4.2.3 Production of Passives by Children in Different Ages50
- 4.3 Summary50-52
- Chapter 5 Discussion52-59
- 5.1 Similarities to Previous Studies52-53
- 5.1.1 Mastery of Passives by Children with SLI and TDA Children52
- 5.1.2 Children's Mastery of Agents and Patients in Passives52-53
- 5.1.3 Children's Mastery of Three Complement Structures in Passives53
- 5.2 Differences from Previous Studies53-55
- 5.2.1 Mastery of Passives by Children with SLI and TDY Children53-54
- 5.2.2 Differences between Mandarin-speaking Children with SLI and English-speaking Children with SLI54
- 5.2.3 Syntax Analysis of Chinese Passives54-55
- 5.3 Implications for Mandarin-speaking Children with SLI55-59
- 5.3.1 The Sparse Morphology Hypothesis56
- 5.3.2 Representational Deficit for Dependent Relations56-59
- Conclusion59-61
- References61-65
- Appendix A 攻讀學(xué)位期間發(fā)表的學(xué)術(shù)論文65-66
- Appendix B Experiment Materials66-69
- Appendix C 詳細(xì)中文摘要69-72
- Acknowledgements72
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本文關(guān)鍵詞:漢語普通話特殊型語言障礙兒童被動句習(xí)得研究,由筆耕文化傳播整理發(fā)布。
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