本文選題：職業(yè)農(nóng)民　切入點(diǎn)：培育　出處：《西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：自2012年以來(lái)，咸陽(yáng)市積極響應(yīng)中央和省委號(hào)召，制定出臺(tái)相關(guān)政策和法規(guī)，推動(dòng)職業(yè)農(nóng)民培育工作的進(jìn)程。然而，一方面，咸陽(yáng)市農(nóng)民素質(zhì)現(xiàn)狀嚴(yán)重制約著職業(yè)農(nóng)民培育工程的進(jìn)程；另一方面，，咸陽(yáng)市經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展，農(nóng)村城鎮(zhèn)化發(fā)展迅速，從事農(nóng)業(yè)的人口數(shù)量急劇下降，特別是高素質(zhì)的青壯年務(wù)農(nóng)農(nóng)民總數(shù)迅速減少，導(dǎo)致農(nóng)業(yè)勞動(dòng)者的數(shù)量減少與咸陽(yáng)市現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)的快速發(fā)展對(duì)高素質(zhì)人才的需求之間的矛盾漸漸顯現(xiàn)出來(lái)；再者，咸陽(yáng)市包括我國(guó)職業(yè)農(nóng)民培育實(shí)踐發(fā)展歷程尚短，面臨著職業(yè)農(nóng)民隊(duì)伍總量偏小、農(nóng)村職業(yè)技術(shù)教育發(fā)展滯后、現(xiàn)行培訓(xùn)不能滿足農(nóng)民的需求、職業(yè)農(nóng)民隊(duì)伍建設(shè)配套措施不完善等眾多問(wèn)題和難關(guān)，亟需探索并建立起一套適合咸陽(yáng)市培育職業(yè)農(nóng)民的模式和體系。 本文在馬克思關(guān)于人勞動(dòng)價(jià)值論和全面發(fā)展理論及中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨對(duì)于農(nóng)民培育的理論的思想理論指導(dǎo)下，緊緊圍繞咸陽(yáng)市職業(yè)農(nóng)民的培育問(wèn)題，通過(guò)座談會(huì)、調(diào)研和問(wèn)卷調(diào)查等方法，并結(jié)合相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)資料，對(duì)傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)民、職業(yè)農(nóng)民內(nèi)涵進(jìn)行科學(xué)界定，掌握咸陽(yáng)市職業(yè)農(nóng)民培育現(xiàn)狀，剖析其存在的問(wèn)題及原因，并提出相應(yīng)的對(duì)策建議。本研究主要結(jié)論如下： （1）將傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)民定義為：具有農(nóng)業(yè)戶口，擁有一定農(nóng)業(yè)土地資源，專職從事小規(guī)模的農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)，基本能夠自給自足的群體；將職業(yè)農(nóng)民定義為：把從事農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營(yíng)作為一種職業(yè)，具備以農(nóng)業(yè)為職業(yè)、土地資源、技術(shù)技能、投資能力、收入來(lái)源于農(nóng)業(yè)的5個(gè)方面的農(nóng)民。 （2）咸陽(yáng)市職業(yè)農(nóng)民培育工作取得了一定的成績(jī)，但農(nóng)民綜合素質(zhì)包括農(nóng)民的文化素質(zhì)、科技素質(zhì)、經(jīng)營(yíng)管理素質(zhì)、思想道德素、質(zhì)身體素質(zhì)等相對(duì)偏低。農(nóng)民素質(zhì)現(xiàn)狀對(duì)職業(yè)農(nóng)民培育后續(xù)工作開展有著重要的影響作用。 （3）咸陽(yáng)市職業(yè)農(nóng)民培育存在的問(wèn)題如下：職業(yè)農(nóng)民隊(duì)伍總量偏小、農(nóng)村職業(yè)技術(shù)教育發(fā)展滯后、現(xiàn)行培訓(xùn)不能滿足農(nóng)民的需求、職業(yè)農(nóng)民隊(duì)伍建設(shè)配套措施不完善等4個(gè)方面；主要是由以下5個(gè)方面的原因造成的：觀念思想認(rèn)識(shí)不到位、農(nóng)民職業(yè)教育機(jī)構(gòu)規(guī)模和數(shù)量有限、培訓(xùn)費(fèi)用較高資金投入不足、缺乏統(tǒng)一規(guī)劃運(yùn)行機(jī)制不暢、激勵(lì)反饋機(jī)制不完善理論研究環(huán)節(jié)薄弱。 （4）提出更新觀念、強(qiáng)化培訓(xùn)、創(chuàng)新機(jī)制、優(yōu)化環(huán)境、借鑒國(guó)內(nèi)外經(jīng)驗(yàn)等5條對(duì)策，進(jìn)一步完善咸陽(yáng)市職業(yè)農(nóng)民培育體系。
[Abstract]:Since 2012, Xianyang has responded positively to the call of the Central Committee and the provincial party committee to formulate relevant policies and regulations to promote the process of cultivating professional farmers.However, on the one hand, the present situation of Xianyang farmers' quality seriously restricts the process of professional farmers' cultivation project; on the other hand, with the rapid development of Xianyang's economy and the rapid development of rural urbanization, the number of people engaged in agriculture has dropped sharply.In particular, the total number of high quality young and middle-aged farmers is rapidly decreasing, resulting in the contradiction between the decrease in the number of agricultural workers and the demand for high-quality personnel for the rapid development of modern agriculture in Xianyang City; moreover,Xianyang City, including China's professional farmers training practice development process is still short, faced with a small number of professional farmers, rural vocational and technical education development lags behind, the current training can not meet the needs of farmers.There are many problems and difficulties in the construction of professional farmers' contingent, such as imperfect measures. It is urgent to explore and establish a set of models and systems suitable for the cultivation of professional farmers in Xianyang City.Under the guidance of Marx's theory of human labor value and all-round development, and the theory of the Communist Party of China on the cultivation of farmers, this paper closely revolves around the cultivation of professional farmers in Xianyang City through a forum.By means of investigation and questionnaire investigation, combining with relevant literature, this paper scientifically defines the connotation of traditional farmers and professional peasants, grasps the present situation of cultivation of professional farmers in Xianyang, analyzes its existing problems and causes, and puts forward corresponding countermeasures and suggestions.The main conclusions of this study are as follows:(1) define the traditional farmer as: a group with agricultural household registration, a certain agricultural land resources, full-time engaged in small-scale agricultural production, basically self-sufficient;The professional farmer is defined as a farmer who is engaged in agricultural production and management as a kind of occupation and has five aspects: agriculture as a profession, land resources, technical skills, investment ability and income from agriculture.2) some achievements have been made in the cultivation of professional farmers in Xianyang City, but the comprehensive qualities of farmers include the cultural quality, the scientific and technological quality, the management quality, the ideological and moral element, the physical quality and so on.The present situation of farmers' quality plays an important role in the development of professional farmers' cultivation.3) the problems existing in the cultivation of professional farmers in Xianyang are as follows: the total number of professional farmers is small, the development of vocational and technical education in rural areas lags behind, the current training cannot meet the needs of farmers, and the supporting measures for the construction of professional farmers are not perfect.It is mainly caused by the following five reasons: the concept and ideology is not in place, the scale and quantity of peasant vocational education institutions are limited, the training cost is relatively high and the fund investment is insufficient, and the operation mechanism of unified planning is not smooth.The research of incentive feedback mechanism is weak.Finally, it puts forward five countermeasures, such as renewing ideas, strengthening training, innovating mechanism, optimizing environment, drawing lessons from domestic and foreign experience, and further perfecting the cultivation system of professional farmers in Xianyang.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：F323.6;G725

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