【摘要】：賀貽孫是明代遺民,也是明末清初一位著名的詩歌批評家,其詩歌批評理論主要集中于《詩筏》一書,該書中許多富有創(chuàng)見性的理論觀點在今天仍然具有重要的應用價值。本文從三個方面對《詩筏》中的詩歌批評觀展開論述。第一章論述了《詩筏》的詩人批評觀。作為詩歌批評家的賀貽孫同時也是一位著作頗豐的詩人,他以自身的創(chuàng)作經驗為基礎展開對詩人的批評,提出了詩人所應具備的主體條件,主要涉及詩人的內在品質與外在學養(yǎng)兩部分內容。賀貽孫指出詩人應當內養(yǎng)浩然之氣、具備高尚的人品及其豐贍的才學,創(chuàng)作中也要體現(xiàn)詩人主體的“真情”與“性靈”。第二章探討了《詩筏》的評詩態(tài)度與評詩標準。賀貽孫在《詩筏》中對詩論家評詩時所持有的那種“以己為量”和“隨人好尚”、“隨人看場”的態(tài)度予以批判,并提出正確的詩歌批評態(tài)度以告誡后世詩論家。此外,賀貽孫還以“厚”、“化境”為《詩筏》詩歌批評的兩大審美標準進行詩歌評論。第三章闡述了《詩筏》的評詩方法與評詩特點。賀貽孫在《詩筏》中批評具體詩人詩作時主要運用了比較批評法與比喻批評法,有時會將兩種方法交叉使用,但賀氏更有創(chuàng)見的是提出了“反勘”的批評方法,并將其運用于具體的評詩過程中。此外,以“命題”和“范疇”來表述詩學觀是賀貽孫《詩筏》詩歌批評的兩大特點。
[Abstract]:He Yisun is a relic of the Ming Dynasty and a famous poetry critic in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties. His theory of poetry criticism is mainly concentrated in the Book of Poetry raft, in which many creative theoretical viewpoints still have important applied value today. This paper discusses the view of poetry criticism in poem raft from three aspects. The first chapter discusses the view of poet criticism in poem raft. He Yisun, as a poetry critic, is also a poet with abundant works. He criticizes the poet on the basis of his own creative experience, and puts forward the subject conditions that the poet should possess. Mainly involves the poet's internal quality and external education two parts of content. He Yisun pointed out that the poet should cultivate great spirit, possess noble character and abundant talent, and embody the "true feelings" and "spirit" of the poet's main body in his creation. The second chapter discusses the attitude and standards of poetry evaluation in poem raft. In his poem raft, he criticizes the poetic critics' attitude of "taking oneself as a measure" and "following others to see the field", and puts forward a correct attitude of poetry criticism to warn the poetic theorists of later generations. In addition, he comments on poetry according to the two aesthetic criteria of poetry criticism. The third chapter expounds the methods and characteristics of poetry evaluation in poem raft. In his poem raft, he mainly used the comparative criticism method and the metaphorical criticism method, and sometimes used the two methods intertwined, but he was more creative in putting forward the critical method of "anti-prospecting". And it is applied to the specific process of poetry evaluation. In addition, propositions and categories are the two characteristics of poetry criticism by he Yi-sun.
【學位授予單位】：江蘇師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：I207.22

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