本文選題：資本的跨區(qū)流動　切入點：經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整　出處：《吉林大學》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)指國民經(jīng)濟的組成和構(gòu)造，包括產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)、分配結(jié)構(gòu)、需求結(jié)構(gòu)、等諸多方面。我國改革開放至今的巨大經(jīng)濟成就不能掩蓋經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)方面存在的深層次問題，本文著重從需求（消費、投資和凈出口這三大需求）結(jié)構(gòu)、地區(qū)差距和產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)這三個最為突出的方面論述我國的經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)問題。 調(diào)整我國經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)的方式有很多，本文著重通過資本的跨區(qū)流動方式來論述。資本的跨區(qū)流動是資源配置的一種重要形式。資本、土地和勞動力被看作是經(jīng)濟發(fā)展所必須的三大生產(chǎn)要素。對于我國的國情而言，資本無疑是最為稀缺的要素，尤其是對于欠發(fā)達地區(qū)而言。因此資本的跨區(qū)流動能對我國的區(qū)域經(jīng)濟協(xié)調(diào)可持續(xù)發(fā)展產(chǎn)生非常重大的影響，進而可以有力地推動我國經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)的調(diào)整。 本文第二章分析了我國經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)的現(xiàn)狀和面臨的突出問題。在需求結(jié)構(gòu)方面，我國的經(jīng)濟過度依賴投資拉動，而內(nèi)需長期不振，也即經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的內(nèi)生動力不足，這對于經(jīng)濟的長期健康發(fā)展是非常不利的。在地區(qū)差距方面，東部地區(qū)與其他三大區(qū)域間的絕對差距非常巨大。但通過統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)的分析和比對顯示，最近幾年出現(xiàn)了彌合的趨勢。在產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)方面，我國的三大產(chǎn)業(yè)各自所占的比重還不盡合理，技術(shù)水平普遍較低，而且區(qū)域間，甚至省份間的產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)也高度趨同。 本文第三章分析了我國資本跨區(qū)流動的現(xiàn)狀。首先對我國資本跨區(qū)流動的類型進行了歸納，然后通過對各區(qū)域的資本形成總額、銀行信貸資金和外國直接投資等幾大類數(shù)據(jù)進行分析和比對，得出結(jié)論：我國東部地區(qū)在總量數(shù)據(jù)上均擁有絕對優(yōu)勢，但在部分人均數(shù)據(jù)和總體比重上出現(xiàn)了下降的趨勢，這得益于我國進入新世紀以來的區(qū)域調(diào)控政策。 本文第四章分析了資本的跨區(qū)流動對我國經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整的影響方式。針對第二章分析的三大突出問題：需求結(jié)構(gòu)、地區(qū)差距和產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)分別做出了分析。認為資本的跨區(qū)流動能夠有力地扭轉(zhuǎn)我國長期存在的二元結(jié)構(gòu)，能有效提高欠發(fā)達地區(qū)，尤其是農(nóng)村地區(qū)居民的收入水平，充分釋放民眾的消費能力，優(yōu)化我國的需求結(jié)構(gòu)。另外，引導(dǎo)跨區(qū)資本流向欠發(fā)達地區(qū)的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)和民生工程等領(lǐng)域，能有效地提升這些地區(qū)吸引投資的能力，有助于更好地承接發(fā)達地區(qū)的產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)移，培育欠發(fā)達地區(qū)的自我發(fā)展的內(nèi)生動力。在產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)方面，各區(qū)域必須加強協(xié)作，實現(xiàn)產(chǎn)業(yè)上的優(yōu)勢互補，而不是趨同化的低水平競爭。同時，中央和地方政府也應(yīng)有效地引導(dǎo)跨區(qū)資本流向戰(zhàn)略新興產(chǎn)業(yè)以及現(xiàn)代服務(wù)業(yè)，推動我國產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的進一步優(yōu)化。 本文第五章對引導(dǎo)資本的跨區(qū)流動提出了一些政策建議。認為政府主導(dǎo)型的跨區(qū)資本應(yīng)通過財政轉(zhuǎn)移支付和國家控制的金融機構(gòu)加大對欠發(fā)達地區(qū)的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)的投入力度。而市場主導(dǎo)型的跨區(qū)資本需要多措并舉加以吸引和引導(dǎo)，，其中最重要的就是地方政府必須培育出“產(chǎn)業(yè)粘性”。 通過以上建議，可以有效地利用跨區(qū)資本來調(diào)整我國的經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)，助力國民經(jīng)濟持續(xù)健康穩(wěn)定的發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:The economic structure refers to the composition and structure of the national economy, including industrial structure, distribution structure, demand structure, etc. the deep-seated problems of China's reform and opening up since the great economic achievements can not cover up the economic structure, this article focuses on demand (consumption, investment and net exports of the three demand structure, area) the gap between industrial structure and the three most prominent aspects of the economic structure of our country.
There are a lot of adjusting the economic structure of our country, this paper discusses emphatically the method of capital through cross flow. The inter regional capital flows is an important form of resource allocation. Capital, land and labor is regarded as the three major factors to economic development. For China's national conditions, capital is the most scarce the elements, especially for the less developed regions. So the inter regional capital flows to regional economy of our country sustainable development have a very significant impact, and can effectively promote the adjustment of economic structure in China.
The second chapter analyzes the status quo and problems in China's economic structure. In the structure of demand, China's economy over reliance on investment led domestic demand, and long-term sluggish, lack of power that economic development, which is very unfavorable for the long-term healthy development of economy. The regional disparity in. The absolute gap between the eastern region and the other three regions is very large. But through the analysis and comparison of statistics data show that in recent years has been bridging. In terms of industrial structure, the proportion of the three industry of the our country respective is unreasonable and the low level of technology, and the area between even the industrial structure between the provinces is also highly similar.
The third chapter analyzes the current situation of China's inter regional capital flow. First of all types of China's inter regional capital flows are summarized, and then based on the regional gross capital formation, bank credit funds and foreign direct investment and other categories of data for analysis and comparison, the conclusion: the eastern region of China has absolute advantage in the total amount of data, but the per capita data and the overall proportion decline, regional control policy since entering the new century thanks to China.
The fourth chapter analyzes the influence of the inter regional capital flows of China's economic structure adjustment. According to the three major problems: the second chapter is the analysis of the demand structure, regional disparities and industrial structure are analyzed. That make the inter regional capital flows can effectively reverse the structure of two yuan in the long term in China, can effectively improve the underdeveloped areas, especially the income level of residents in rural areas, the full release of people's consumption capacity, optimizing the structure of demand in our country. In addition, guide the inter regionalcapital flows to less developed areas of infrastructure and livelihood projects and other fields, can effectively enhance the ability of these regions to attract investment, help to better undertake developed regional industrial transfer, cultivate underdeveloped areas self development of endogenous motivation. In terms of industrial structure, each region must strengthen cooperation, realize the complementary advantages of the industry, but not At the same time, the central and local governments should also effectively guide cross regional capital flows to strategic emerging industries and modern service industries, and promote further optimization of China's industrial structure.
The fifth chapter puts forward some policy suggestions on guiding the inter regionalcapital flows. That is dominated by the government should increase inter regional capital infrastructure in underdeveloped areas, the investment in the financial institutions through the financial transfer payment and state control. While the market dominant across the capital needs to take measures to attract and guide, one of the most important the local government is to cultivate "industryviscosity".
Through the above suggestions, we can effectively make use of cross-border capital to adjust the economic structure of our country and help the sustained, healthy and stable development of the national economy.

【學位授予單位】：吉林大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F832.5;F121

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