【摘要】：高速公路是現(xiàn)代交通運輸?shù)闹匾ǖ?隨著國民經(jīng)濟的不斷發(fā)展,它承擔(dān)了越來越多的運輸任務(wù),高速公路平穩(wěn)快速的發(fā)展關(guān)乎整個社會的經(jīng)濟命脈。隨著全國高速公路網(wǎng)的大力建設(shè),山西省的高速公路也迎來了發(fā)展的黃金階段,但是頻發(fā)的高速公路突發(fā)事件卻對山西省高速公路的健康發(fā)展提出了不小的挑戰(zhàn),怎樣才能建立與高速公路運營管理相適應(yīng)的突發(fā)事件應(yīng)急管理體制,怎樣制定和編寫可操作性強的應(yīng)急預(yù)案并保證預(yù)案的科學(xué)使用,怎樣在事件發(fā)生后實行快速、高效的應(yīng)急處置,已經(jīng)成為阻礙高速公路快速發(fā)展的問題,應(yīng)該引起相關(guān)管理者和領(lǐng)導(dǎo)部門的重視。本文首先解釋了與高速公路突發(fā)事件相關(guān)的概念,說明了它的特點和分類,然后對山西省高速公路應(yīng)急管理現(xiàn)狀從事前預(yù)防和應(yīng)急預(yù)案編制兩部分內(nèi)容進行了分析,同時結(jié)合山西省高速公路近年來發(fā)生的典型突發(fā)事件應(yīng)急處置過程,找出現(xiàn)階段在山西省高速公路突發(fā)事件應(yīng)急管理過程中存在著部門間溝通不暢、體制仍然不健全、應(yīng)急救援配備不到位的問題。接下來對德國、美國、日本等發(fā)達國家高速公路應(yīng)急管理經(jīng)驗做了相關(guān)分析,總結(jié)出可以作為山西省高速公路應(yīng)急管理的經(jīng)驗借鑒的共同點,結(jié)合現(xiàn)有問題,提出了山西省高速公路應(yīng)急管理能力提升的建議。認為可以從四個方面入手,即首先必須建立與山西省高速公路運營管理體系相協(xié)調(diào)的指揮和協(xié)調(diào)系統(tǒng),才能保證應(yīng)急救援的時效性和有效性;其次要建立完善的突發(fā)事件預(yù)警機制,可以在現(xiàn)階段事前預(yù)防工作的基礎(chǔ)上繼續(xù)完善,重點在事發(fā)后對事發(fā)路段前后行駛車輛的預(yù)警;第三要建立專業(yè)救援隊伍,保障救援裝備的配備,第四要在法律層面上健全應(yīng)急管理法律體系,從司法和立法方面保障應(yīng)急管理的順利實施。
[Abstract]:Expressway is an important passage of modern transportation. With the development of national economy, it undertakes more and more transportation tasks, and the steady and rapid development of expressway relates to the economic lifeline of the whole society. With the rapid construction of the national highway network, the highway in Shanxi Province has also ushered in the golden stage of development. However, the frequent emergencies of the highway have posed a great challenge to the healthy development of the highway in Shanxi Province. How to establish the emergency management system suitable to the expressway operation management, how to make and compile the operable emergency plan and ensure the scientific use of the emergency plan, how to implement the emergency management system quickly after the occurrence of the incident, Efficient emergency management has become an obstacle to the rapid development of expressway, which should be paid attention to by relevant managers and leading departments. This paper first explains the concept related to expressway emergencies, explains its characteristics and classification, and then analyzes the current situation of expressway emergency management in Shanxi Province engaged in pre-prevention and emergency plan preparation two parts of the content. At the same time, combined with the typical emergency handling process of Shanxi Expressway in recent years, in the emergency management process of Shanxi Expressway Emergency, there is a lack of communication between departments, and the system is still not perfect. The emergency rescue equipment is not in place. Next, it makes a related analysis on the experiences of expressway emergency management in developed countries, such as Germany, the United States and Japan, and sums up the common points that can be used for reference in expressway emergency management in Shanxi Province, combining with the existing problems. Some suggestions on how to improve the ability of emergency management of expressway in Shanxi province are put forward. The author thinks that we can start with four aspects: first, we must establish a command and coordination system that coordinates with the highway operation and management system in Shanxi Province, in order to ensure the timeliness and effectiveness of emergency rescue; Secondly, it is necessary to establish a perfect early warning mechanism for emergencies, which can continue to be perfected on the basis of the prevention work before and after the accident, with emphasis on the early warning of vehicles driving before and after the accident. Third, it is necessary to establish professional rescue teams to ensure the equipment of rescue, and fourth, to improve the legal system of emergency management on the legal level, and to guarantee the smooth implementation of emergency management from the aspects of justice and legislation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D63

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