【摘要】：在全面深化改革的大背景下,黨適時地提出“社會治理”的概念,并在總體上用“社會治理”取代了以往的“社會管理”,將社會治理置于新的戰(zhàn)略高度,這一舉動體現(xiàn)了黨的理念的大躍升與政府治國轉(zhuǎn)型的新趨勢。社會治理的理念倡導(dǎo)治理主體由單一的政府?dāng)U展為政府、社會組織與公民個體等多元主體;治理的方式由單向度的管治變?yōu)殡p向互動的協(xié)作共治。創(chuàng)新社會治理離不開由信任、互惠規(guī)范和公民參與網(wǎng)絡(luò)等要素構(gòu)成的社會資本,社會資本理論建立在馬克思的“人的本質(zhì)”理論與“資本”理論基礎(chǔ)之上,經(jīng)過布爾迪厄、科爾曼、普特南的研究逐漸發(fā)展為一個新的理論范式,對于政治發(fā)展與社會治理有著獨(dú)特的解釋力。社會資本內(nèi)嵌于社會結(jié)構(gòu)與社會關(guān)系網(wǎng)絡(luò)中,在不同的歷史時期表現(xiàn)為不同的類型。中國傳統(tǒng)社會“差序格局”的社會關(guān)系結(jié)構(gòu)形成了大量的“熟人”社會資本與“關(guān)系”社會資本;建國后到改革開放前的國家建設(shè)時期,新的國家秩序的建立與農(nóng)民的互助合作運(yùn)動產(chǎn)生了具有政治依賴性的社會資本;改革開放后的市場經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型時期,社會資本表現(xiàn)出現(xiàn)代性的特征。創(chuàng)新社會治理,必須重視社會資本的建構(gòu)。政府應(yīng)轉(zhuǎn)變職能,建立協(xié)商合作型信任;社會組織應(yīng)發(fā)揮能動性,進(jìn)行自我革新,建立普遍性互惠規(guī)范;公民應(yīng)主動培育公共精神與價值文化,推動公民參與網(wǎng)絡(luò)的形成。
[Abstract]:Under the background of deepening the reform in an all-round way, the Party put forward the concept of "social governance" at the right time, and on the whole replaced the "social management" with "social governance", and put the social governance in a new strategic height. This action reflects the great leap of the Party's ideas and the new trend of the transformation of the government. The concept of social governance advocates that the main body of governance is expanded from a single government to a pluralistic subject such as government, social organizations and individual citizens, and the mode of governance is changed from one-dimensional governance to two-way interactive cooperative co-governance. The innovation of social governance can not be separated from social capital, which is composed of trust, mutual benefit and citizen participation network. The theory of social capital is based on Marx's theory of "human nature" and "capital", and goes through Bourdieu. Coleman, Putnam's research has gradually developed into a new theoretical paradigm, which has a unique explanatory power for political development and social governance. Social capital is embedded in the social structure and social relationship network, and it has different types in different historical periods. The social relationship structure of "differential order pattern" in Chinese traditional society has formed a large number of "acquaintance" social capital and "relationship" social capital, and the period of national construction from the founding of the people's Republic of China to the period before the reform and opening up. The establishment of the new national order and the peasants' mutual help and cooperation movement have produced the social capital with political dependence, and in the period of market economy transformation after the reform and opening up, the social capital has the characteristic of modernity. To innovate social governance, we must attach importance to the construction of social capital. The government should change its functions and establish the trust of consultation and cooperation; social organizations should play a dynamic role, carry out self-innovation and establish universal norms of mutual benefit; citizens should take the initiative to cultivate the public spirit and value culture, and promote the formation of citizens' participation in the network.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：集美大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：D630

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