發(fā)布時間：2018-06-07 00:46

  本文選題：公務(wù)員 + 錄用��； 參考：《山東師范大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：作為政府人員，公務(wù)員在政府運作中起著非常重要的作用，對整個社會和國家的穩(wěn)定和發(fā)展有重要的意義，所以，公務(wù)員的錄用工作應(yīng)該在憲法和法律的規(guī)定下進行。但是，在公務(wù)員錄用過程中存在一些不公平的問題，其中最明顯的問題跟平等有關(guān)。 本文首先從公平概念的界定入手，公平是人類社會追求的重要價值和目標，同時也是人類文明最理想化的向往之一，越是隨處可見的詞語，對它的界定越是困難�！杜＝蚍纱筠o典》釋義“公平”一詞包含兩個基本含義，一個與價值相關(guān)，一個針對法律規(guī)范而言。接下來從公平和平等的關(guān)系問題出發(fā)，，通過分析他們的關(guān)系，指出公平和平等關(guān)系密切，又互有差別，公平和平等都是法治的追求，同時，公平比較抽象，平等是實現(xiàn)公平價值的重要前提。然后在這個基礎(chǔ)上，考察平等思想的歷史發(fā)展，從原始社會“平等勞動”、“平等的價值回報”、“以牙還牙”等不自覺的、無意識的平等觀念，到柏拉圖《理想國》中“平起平坐”、“沒有什么區(qū)別”模糊的概念，到亞里士多德《尼各馬可倫理學》中對平等觀有了比較全面細致的觀點，到斯多葛主義對平等觀念更為激進的表達，指出平等觀念的發(fā)展過程是由早期單純的形式平等向后來的形式平等和實質(zhì)平等相結(jié)合的過程。同時指出平等在我國既是憲法原則，又表現(xiàn)為基本人權(quán)。 接下來結(jié)合我國憲法對平等的相關(guān)規(guī)定，對公務(wù)員錄用中的不公問題進行例證分析，首先通過《2011年國家招考中的公務(wù)員就業(yè)歧視調(diào)查報告》直觀地了解到民族、性別、殘障、社會身份、政治面貌、年齡、健康、身體特征等幾個方面的數(shù)據(jù)比例，接下來主要從公務(wù)員錄取中涉及到的身體健康歧視、學歷歧視、工作經(jīng)驗歧視等方面進行具體考察。身體健康歧視中分析了以艾滋病和血壓為主的大部分身體健康條件的限制都是與國家機關(guān)工作人員的業(yè)務(wù)要求無關(guān)的規(guī)定，違反了憲法賦予的平等原則，侵犯了公民的平等權(quán)利。學歷歧視以浙江省公務(wù)員招考為例，分析了關(guān)于招考范圍和對象的學歷規(guī)定以“擇優(yōu)錄取”為借口，實為差別對待和歧視。報考資格中工作經(jīng)驗的要求實際是依據(jù)考生職業(yè)及其背景對考生施加的限制，是違背憲法規(guī)定的平等原則以及公民平等權(quán)的歧視。最后，指出當前我國公務(wù)員錄用中的不公平問題主要是歧視問題，并對歧視問題產(chǎn)生的法律原因進行分析。本文認為，造成這一現(xiàn)象的原因主要有兩方面，第一點是對平等權(quán)理論中的合理差別理論存在誤讀，第二點是公務(wù)員錄用工作中存在利益博弈。 最后，本文針對在我國公務(wù)員錄用中存在的不平等問題及其產(chǎn)生的原因，提出相應(yīng)的解決方案，包括完善合理差別理論的學理分析和解讀，同時加強對公務(wù)員錄用工作的法律監(jiān)管，從政策制定到實施的全過程都要受到嚴格監(jiān)督，保證嚴格依法進行。
[Abstract]:As government personnel, civil servants play a very important role in the operation of the government, which is of great significance to the stability and development of the whole society and the country. Therefore, the employment of civil servants should be carried out under the provisions of the Constitution and laws. However, there are some unfair problems in the process of employing civil servants, the most obvious of which are related to equality. This article begins with the definition of the concept of fairness, which is an important value and goal pursued by human society, and also one of the most idealized yearning for human civilization. The more difficult it is to define it, the more difficult it is to define it. The Oxford Dictionary of Law defines the term "fair" with two basic meanings, one relating to value and the other to legal norms. Then, starting from the issue of the relationship between fairness and equality, by analyzing their relations, it is pointed out that the relationship between fairness and equality is close and different. Fairness and equality are both the pursuit of the rule of law. At the same time, equity is more abstract. Equality is an important prerequisite for the realization of fair value. Then, on this basis, we investigate the historical development of equality thinking, from the primitive society of "equal labor", "equal value return", "tooth for tat" and other unconscious, unconscious equality concepts, By the vague concept of "equality" in Plato's the Republic, the vague concept of "no difference," and the more comprehensive and detailed view of the concept of equality in Aristotle's "Nigomark Ethics", To the more radical expression of the idea of equality in stoicism, it is pointed out that the development process of the concept of equality is the process of combining formal equality and substantive equality from the early stage of pure formal equality to the later one. At the same time, it points out that equality is not only a constitutional principle in our country, but also a basic human right. Next, with the relevant provisions of the Constitution on equality, we analyze the unfair issue in the employment of civil servants. First of all, through the investigation report on Employment Discrimination of Civil servants in the 2011 National recruitment examination, we intuitively understand the nationality, gender, disability, Social identity, political outlook, age, health, physical characteristics and other aspects of the data ratio, then mainly from the recruitment of civil servants involved in physical health discrimination, education discrimination, work experience discrimination and other aspects of specific investigation. In physical health discrimination, it is analyzed that most of the restrictions on physical health conditions based on HIV / AIDS and blood pressure are unrelated to the operational requirements of state functionaries and violate the principle of equality enshrined in the Constitution. It infringes on the equal rights of citizens. Taking Zhejiang Province civil servant as an example, this paper analyzes the educational regulations about the scope and object of the examination, which is treated as discrimination and discrimination under the pretext of "choosing the best to admit". The requirement of working experience in the qualification is the restriction imposed on the examinee according to his occupation and background, which is against the principle of equality stipulated in the Constitution and the discrimination of the citizen's equal right. Finally, the author points out that the main unfair problem in the employment of civil servants in our country is discrimination, and analyzes the legal reasons of discrimination. This paper holds that there are two main reasons for this phenomenon: the first is the misreading of the theory of reasonable difference in the theory of equal rights, and the second is the existence of interest game in the employment of civil servants. Finally, aiming at the problem of inequality and its causes in the employment of civil servants in our country, this paper puts forward the corresponding solutions, including the theoretical analysis and interpretation of the theory of reasonable difference. At the same time, we should strengthen the legal supervision of the employment of civil servants and ensure that the whole process from policy formulation to implementation is strictly supervised and carried out in accordance with the law.
【學位授予單位】：山東師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：D630.3

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本文編號：1988911