本文選題：第三部門　切入點：政府行政　出處：《東南大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：第三部門是由西方發(fā)達國家提出的現(xiàn)代文明產(chǎn)物,并且已經(jīng)有一段較長的發(fā)展史。然而在我國如何發(fā)展好第三部門,構(gòu)建第三部門與政府的良好關(guān)系仍然處于發(fā)展和完善的階段,不過近年來已經(jīng)受到越來越多的關(guān)注。各種協(xié)會、中介、第三方服務組織都在推陳出新,不斷涌現(xiàn),這些第三部門與政府的關(guān)系如何,將直接影響到第三部門的發(fā)展,甚至影響到政府行政改革的進度。所以,更深層次地了解第三部門,討論第三部門與政府的各種關(guān)系,發(fā)現(xiàn)問題并及時解決問題,才能為深化我國的行政改革,促進社會和諧發(fā)展作出更多的貢獻。就在兩年前,兩會審議了《國務院機構(gòu)改革和職能轉(zhuǎn)變方案》,實際上已經(jīng)很明確政府必須要進行行政體制改革,政府的職能也必須要進行積極的轉(zhuǎn)變。那么怎么轉(zhuǎn)變,怎么樣改革才能更好地維護好政府和社會的關(guān)系,更好的讓社會組織發(fā)揮積極的作用是改革是否成功的關(guān)鍵所在。當下社會各部門都在積極轉(zhuǎn)型,一些公共問題的增加也引起了我們很多的關(guān)注,個人利益和個人價值觀也在不斷的提升和轉(zhuǎn)變,從之前的個人服從集體,集體服從國家,到慢慢地轉(zhuǎn)變到突出個人利益。在新的社會結(jié)構(gòu)和社會形態(tài)下,需要國家和政府更好的進行管理和管控,特別是在國家和政府不可治理的方面,需要第三部門來協(xié)助國家治理,所以如何維護好政府和第三部門的關(guān)系變成了一個關(guān)鍵問題。本文首先綜述了第三部門的相關(guān)定義和理論基礎(chǔ),并參考了西方第三部門的發(fā)展過程以及第三部門在西方的發(fā)展規(guī)律和前景,然后對我國政府與第三部門關(guān)系現(xiàn)狀展開討論。我們的第三部門過于依賴政府,自主獨立性不足,同時現(xiàn)行的政府管理體制也制約了第三部門的發(fā)展。在市場失靈、政府失靈和契約失靈的理論框架下,雙重管理體制、社會團體準入制度以及競業(yè)體制限制了第三部門發(fā)展。第三部分討論我國政府與第三部門關(guān)系出現(xiàn)的問題及其原因分析,從政府層面上分析,有很多政策缺失,法律不完善；從社會層面上分析,廣大人民對第三部門的失信制約著其發(fā)展；從第三部門自身分析,缺乏責任機制,缺乏競爭機制,缺乏民主的決策程序,缺乏科學的績效評估機制,缺乏自律。最后在第四章節(jié)討論如何構(gòu)建政府與第三部門和諧關(guān)系的路徑�？傊�,在如何理順政府與第三部門的關(guān)系上,公共利益的優(yōu)先級需要提高,政府對于第三部門的利益需要給予支持甚至是政府自身利益的讓步。在如何理順職能關(guān)系、政府和第三部門各自的行政制度和行為界線都需要有更清晰的定義和描述。如何搭建問責制度,規(guī)定責任擔當是有助于加強第三部門和政府部門的良好合作,造福社會的重中之重。隨著社會的轉(zhuǎn)型,國家的積極改革,公民對第三部門的持續(xù)關(guān)注,相關(guān)的著作和討論也越來越多。在第三部門和政府關(guān)系的持續(xù)改進上,不僅需要“協(xié)作”“對抗”“協(xié)作對抗”的相互關(guān)系,比如互補性合作,參與性合作,授權(quán)性合作等等,而且除了合作性關(guān)系以外還需要引入競爭性的關(guān)系,用競爭的因素來互逼進步,以期望第三部門與政府實現(xiàn)共贏共惠,從而促使第三部門與政府與社會三元一體更好的發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:The third sector is the product of modem civilization proposed by western developed countries, and has a long history. But in our country, how to develop the third sector, to build a good relationship between the third sector and the government is still in the stage of developing and improving, but in recent years has attracted more and more attention. Various associations, intermediary. Third party service organizations are constantly emerging in the innovation, how the relationship between the government and the third sector, will directly affect the development of the third sector, and even affect the progress of the reform of the government administration. Therefore, a deeper understanding of the third sector, discusses all kinds of relationship between the third sector and the government, find and solve problems in a timely manner, to as the deepening of China's administrative reform, and make more contribution to promote the harmonious development of the society. Just two years ago, NPC and CPPCC considered < Council institutional reform and functional transformation program >, is already very clear the government must carry on the reform of the administrative system, the functions of the government must actively change. So how to change, how to reform in order to maintain good relationship between government and society, better social organizations play a positive role in the reform is the key to success. Now all parts of society in the positive transformation, increase the number of public problems also caused us a lot of attention, are also constantly upgrading and transformation of the concept of personal interests and personal values, from the previous individuals to the collective, collective obedience to the state, to slowly change to highlight the individual interests. In the social structure and social form under the new needs of the country and the government to better manage and control, especially in the country and the government can not control, need third departments to assist in national governance, so how to maintain good government and third Department of the relationship has become a key problem. This paper first reviews the relevant definition of the third sector and the theoretical basis and reference to the development of western third departments and third departments in the development and Prospect of the west, and then to our country government and the third sector are discussed. The relationship between our third departments too dependent on government at the same time, lack of independence, the current government management system also restricts the development of the third sector. In the market failure, government failure theory and contract failure under the dual management system, community access system and competition system restricts the development of the third sector. The third part is about the analysis of China's government and the third sector relations the problems and the reasons, analysis from the government level, there are a lot of lack of policy, the law is not perfect; the analysis from the social level, the majority of the people of the third sector The promise to restrict its development; from third departments of their own analysis, lack of responsibility, lack of competition mechanism, the lack of democratic decision-making process, the lack of scientific performance evaluation mechanism, lack of self-discipline. Finally discuss the path of how to build a harmonious relationship between the government and the third sector in the fourth chapter. In short, the relationship between how to straighten out the government and the third department on the public interest priority needs to be improved, the government needs to support their own interests and even government concessions for the third departments interests. On how to rationalize the relationship between functions, administrative system and behavior between the government and the third sector are need to be defined and described more clearly. How to build a system of accountability, responsibility is required help to strengthen the good cooperation between the third sector and the government sector, priority among priorities for the benefit of society. With the transformation of society, actively reform the country, citizens of the Continue to focus on three departments, related works and discussed more and more. In the continuous improvement of the relationship between the third sector and the government, not only need to "cooperation" "cooperation" against "confrontation" relationship, such as complementary cooperation, participation cooperation, cooperation relationship and authorization and so on, in addition to cooperative relations the need to introduce competition, competition factors to achieve win-win and mutual benefit make progress, in the hope of the government and the third sector, so as to promote the development of the third sector and the government and society three yuan one better.

【學位授予單位】：東南大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：D630

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