本文關(guān)鍵詞： 社區(qū) 危機(jī)管理體系 危機(jī)管理委員會(huì) 工作流程　出處：《甘肅農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：進(jìn)入21世紀(jì)以來(lái),世界各國(guó)都在遭受著自然和人為的各種危機(jī),使得社會(huì)公共危機(jī)處理成為各國(guó)政府社會(huì)治理的核心議題。我國(guó)是世界上自然災(zāi)害嚴(yán)重的國(guó)家之一,以及隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的迅猛發(fā)展,我國(guó)目前正處在一個(gè)突發(fā)事件頻發(fā)、公共安全事件不斷升級(jí)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)社會(huì)中,各種危機(jī)事件的頻發(fā),造成了嚴(yán)重的人員傷亡和財(cái)產(chǎn)損失,我國(guó)在國(guó)家層面建立國(guó)家安全委員會(huì),在不同文件中提出了社區(qū)參與危機(jī)事件管理的必要性。城市社區(qū)作為城市公共危機(jī)管理的基層單位,是整個(gè)公共危機(jī)管理體系的末梢執(zhí)行主體。同時(shí),社區(qū)作為各種危機(jī)的直接面對(duì)者和承受者,具有貼近基層民眾、應(yīng)對(duì)危機(jī)迅速靈活等特點(diǎn)。在社區(qū)形成社區(qū)公共危機(jī)管理體系,加強(qiáng)社區(qū)應(yīng)對(duì)危機(jī)的能力,使整個(gè)公共危機(jī)管理體系運(yùn)行更加合理有效,對(duì)減少社會(huì)公眾在危機(jī)中的生命財(cái)產(chǎn)損失有著極為重要的作用。通過(guò)前期閱讀大量的相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)資料,發(fā)現(xiàn)針對(duì)社區(qū)公共危機(jī)管理方面的研究較少,希望通過(guò)對(duì)于蘭州市社區(qū)公共危機(jī)管理進(jìn)行研究,為危機(jī)管理理論在社區(qū)公共危機(jī)管理的應(yīng)用和發(fā)展提供參考。文章以蘭州市社區(qū)公共危機(jī)管理體系為研究對(duì)象,運(yùn)用調(diào)查研究的方法,進(jìn)入蘭州市的5個(gè)社區(qū),對(duì)社區(qū)居委會(huì)主任、治安綜合專干、緝毒專干、社區(qū)中5 6戶進(jìn)行深度訪談,通過(guò)對(duì)于訪談收集到的資料進(jìn)行整理研究,最后得出結(jié)論。盡管目前蘭州市社區(qū)在應(yīng)對(duì)危機(jī)方面取得了一定的工作成效,包括“全國(guó)綜合減災(zāi)示范社區(qū)”全面推廣,社區(qū)作為危機(jī)管理主體制定了簡(jiǎn)單的工作流程和設(shè)置了專職崗位,進(jìn)行宣傳和演練等。但仍然存在著包括社區(qū)工作人員的專業(yè)程度不足,社區(qū)危機(jī)應(yīng)對(duì)預(yù)案過(guò)于原則化,對(duì)于社區(qū)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估缺乏專業(yè)性,宣傳與演練形式高于實(shí)效,社區(qū)危機(jī)管理工作缺乏連續(xù)性,社區(qū)危機(jī)管理中社會(huì)力量參與不足等問(wèn)題。針對(duì)問(wèn)題,從政府和社區(qū)兩方面進(jìn)行原因分析,提出通過(guò)構(gòu)建蘭州市社區(qū)公共危機(jī)管理體系,解決相關(guān)問(wèn)題的建議。建議首先要轉(zhuǎn)變政府職能,向社區(qū)充分賦權(quán),進(jìn)而構(gòu)建蘭州市社區(qū)公共危機(jī)管理體系,成立社區(qū)危機(jī)管理委員會(huì),根據(jù)羅伯特·希斯危機(jī)管理的4R模式制定社區(qū)在危機(jī)管理不同階段的工作流程,明確社區(qū)在危機(jī)管理不同階段要完成的工作和完成工作的人員,確保社區(qū)有序高效地進(jìn)行危機(jī)管理。
[Abstract]:Since 21th century, all countries in the world are suffering from various natural and man-made crises, which make the management of social public crisis become the core issue of the social governance of the governments. China is one of the countries with serious natural disasters in the world. And with the rapid development of the economy, our country is now in a risky society where emergencies occur frequently and public safety incidents are constantly escalating. The frequent occurrence of various crisis events has caused serious casualties and property losses. China has set up a national security committee at the national level, and put forward the necessity of community participation in crisis management in different documents. Urban community is the grass-roots unit of urban public crisis management. It is the executive body of the whole public crisis management system. At the same time, the community, as the direct face and the bearer of all kinds of crises, is close to the grassroots people. Forming the community public crisis management system in the community, strengthening the community's ability to deal with the crisis, making the whole public crisis management system more reasonable and effective. It plays an extremely important role in reducing the loss of life and property of the public in the crisis. Through reading a large number of related documents, we find that there are few researches on the community public crisis management. The author hopes to provide reference for the application and development of the crisis management theory in the community public crisis management in Lanzhou City, and take the community public crisis management system of Lanzhou City as the research object. By using the method of investigation and research, we entered five communities in Lanzhou City and conducted in-depth interviews with the directors of the community neighborhood committees, the comprehensive public security officers, the anti-narcotics specialists, and the five or six households in the community, and through the collation and study of the data collected from the interviews. Finally, we come to the conclusion. Although at present the Lanzhou community has made some achievements in responding to the crisis, including the comprehensive promotion of the "National Integrated disaster reduction demonstration Community", As the main body of crisis management, the community has made a simple work flow and set up full-time posts, propaganda and drills, etc. However, there are still some problems, including the lack of professional level of community staff, and the principle of community crisis response plan. For the lack of professionalism in community risk assessment, the lack of continuity in community crisis management, the lack of participation of social forces in community crisis management, etc., the forms of propaganda and exercise are higher than actual results. Based on the analysis of the reasons of the government and the community, this paper puts forward some suggestions on how to solve the related problems by constructing the community public crisis management system in Lanzhou. It is suggested that the first step should be to transform the functions of the government and to empower the community fully. And then we set up a community public crisis management system in Lanzhou, and set up a community crisis management committee, and based on the 4R model of Robert Heath crisis management, we worked out community processes at different stages of crisis management. In order to ensure the community to carry out crisis management in an orderly and efficient manner, the work to be accomplished and the personnel to be completed in different stages of crisis management in the community are clearly defined.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：甘肅農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：D669.3;D63

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