本文關(guān)鍵詞： 志愿者服務(wù)管理 突發(fā)事件 志愿者　出處：《吉林大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：我國已經(jīng)進(jìn)入到社會(huì)和經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的轉(zhuǎn)型期，自然災(zāi)害、事故災(zāi)難、社會(huì)安全事件以及公共衛(wèi)生事件等頻發(fā)，需要面對(duì)和解決的突發(fā)事件越來越多。這表明我國現(xiàn)階段進(jìn)入到了一個(gè)突發(fā)事件頻發(fā)的時(shí)期。從應(yīng)對(duì)突發(fā)事件上救援主體角度看，我國中央政府或是地方政府一直發(fā)揮著主導(dǎo)性作用，救援隊(duì)伍主要是由軍、警、政所構(gòu)成，但是隨著我國突發(fā)事件綜合性、交叉性、復(fù)雜性等新特點(diǎn)的出現(xiàn)，原先那種以政府為主的救援隊(duì)伍就面臨著力量不足的新挑戰(zhàn)。反觀外國突發(fā)事件應(yīng)急救援的隊(duì)伍結(jié)構(gòu)，救援主力并非僅局限于軍隊(duì)和警察隊(duì)伍，而是由專業(yè)的救援隊(duì)伍和志愿者組成。在這樣的自然與社會(huì)環(huán)境背景下以及我國突發(fā)事件中救援隊(duì)伍與國外救援隊(duì)伍的高效、專業(yè)和多元存在巨大的差距，研究選擇自然災(zāi)害類突發(fā)事件作為分析語境，從志愿者這一主體切入，回顧了我國志愿者服務(wù)管理的三個(gè)歷史發(fā)展階段，指出我國突發(fā)事件中志愿者服務(wù)管理存在著志愿者組織化、專業(yè)化和可持續(xù)潛力程度低的問題，并從法律層面、管理層面和具體培訓(xùn)層面分析存問題的原因，在論述德國、英國和美國國家突發(fā)事件中志愿者服務(wù)管理和經(jīng)驗(yàn)借鑒的基礎(chǔ)上以及結(jié)合目前我國突發(fā)事件中志愿者服務(wù)管理的實(shí)踐，研究提出出臺(tái)志愿者相關(guān)法律和法規(guī)，加強(qiáng)志愿者組織內(nèi)部建設(shè)和管理、職前教育和培訓(xùn)以及組織內(nèi)外溝通和協(xié)調(diào)的對(duì)策，以提升我國愿者服務(wù)隊(duì)伍建設(shè)和完善志愿者服務(wù)管理水平，增強(qiáng)我國志愿服務(wù)隊(duì)伍在應(yīng)對(duì)突發(fā)事中的高效率和專業(yè)化，將損失減少到最低，進(jìn)而提升我國志愿者參與社會(huì)治理的能力。
[Abstract]:China has entered the transition period of social and economic development, such as natural disasters, accidents, social security events and public health events. There are more and more emergencies that need to be faced and solved. This indicates that our country has entered a period of frequent emergencies at the present stage. Our central government or local government has been playing a leading role, the rescue team is mainly composed of the military, police, government, but with the emergence of new characteristics such as comprehensive, intersecting, complexity and so on. The former government-oriented rescue teams are facing a new challenge of insufficient strength. Looking at the structure of emergency rescue teams in foreign countries, the main rescue forces are not limited to the military and police forces. It is composed of professional rescue teams and volunteers. Under the background of natural and social environment and the emergency in our country rescue teams and foreign rescue teams are highly efficient professional and pluralistic there is a huge gap. From the perspective of volunteers, this paper reviews the three historical stages of volunteer service management in China. This paper points out that volunteer service management in China has the problems of organization, specialization and low sustainability potential, and analyzes the causes of the problems from the legal level, management level and specific training level. On the basis of discussing the management and experience of volunteer service in Germany, Britain and the United States of America, and combining the practice of volunteer service management in emergency in our country at present. The study puts forward relevant laws and regulations on volunteers, strengthening the internal construction and management of volunteer organizations, pre-service education and training, as well as internal and external communication and coordination of countermeasures. In order to improve our volunteer service team construction and improve the level of volunteer service management, enhance our volunteer service team in response to emergencies in high efficiency and specialization, will reduce the loss to the minimum. And then improve the ability of our volunteers to participate in social governance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：D632.9

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