【摘要】：在2010年的體育中考改革中,市教委正式將游泳項(xiàng)目增加到初中畢業(yè)升學(xué)體育考試的測(cè)試中。在中考指揮棒的作用下,越來(lái)越多的初中學(xué)校、老師、學(xué)生家長(zhǎng),及學(xué)生個(gè)體都開(kāi)始重視游泳的學(xué)習(xí),游泳培訓(xùn)的需求市場(chǎng)也水漲船高,如何開(kāi)展?jié)M足上海中考學(xué)生切實(shí)需求的游泳培訓(xùn)成為亟待解決的問(wèn)題。本文以培訓(xùn)需求三要素模型為理論基礎(chǔ),對(duì)上海市中考學(xué)生參與游泳培訓(xùn)的供給現(xiàn)狀和需求因素進(jìn)行調(diào)查分析,為相關(guān)體育培訓(xùn)經(jīng)營(yíng)主體的業(yè)務(wù)運(yùn)營(yíng)提供對(duì)策及建議,從而完善、充實(shí)體育服務(wù)業(yè)中體育培訓(xùn)的相關(guān)理論研究,滿(mǎn)足上海中考學(xué)生提升游泳水平、提高中考體育成績(jī)的實(shí)際需要,擴(kuò)大培訓(xùn)市場(chǎng),促進(jìn)體育消費(fèi),推動(dòng)體育產(chǎn)業(yè)化的發(fā)展。本文通過(guò)文獻(xiàn)資料法、走訪(fǎng)調(diào)查法、專(zhuān)家訪(fǎng)談法、問(wèn)卷調(diào)查法、統(tǒng)計(jì)分析法,對(duì)目前上海市區(qū)內(nèi)11個(gè)區(qū)的23所游泳培訓(xùn)經(jīng)營(yíng)方、11所初中學(xué)校教師、以及11所初中學(xué)校的603位學(xué)生、家長(zhǎng)進(jìn)行調(diào)研,對(duì)中考游泳培訓(xùn)供給、需求兩方面現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行研究分析,得出以下結(jié)論:第一,上海市中考學(xué)生游泳培訓(xùn)需求的產(chǎn)生背景主要有:教育主管部門(mén)在制定教育政策法規(guī)中產(chǎn)生的任務(wù)需求背景;學(xué)校及中考班教師在教育教學(xué)過(guò)程中產(chǎn)生的組織需求背景;中考學(xué)生在成長(zhǎng)過(guò)程中產(chǎn)生的個(gè)人需求背景。第二,上海市中考學(xué)生游泳培訓(xùn)的經(jīng)營(yíng)主體主要有公共體育場(chǎng)館及私有性質(zhì)的培訓(xùn)機(jī)構(gòu)兩類(lèi);大多經(jīng)營(yíng)方每年考試類(lèi)的游泳培訓(xùn)招生在50人以下;在場(chǎng)地設(shè)施方面基本都能提供室內(nèi)游泳池;目前一期中考游泳培訓(xùn)定價(jià)平均在950元左右;參與中考游泳培訓(xùn)的教練員主要是來(lái)自于體育院校的學(xué)生兼職;網(wǎng)絡(luò)媒體和發(fā)放宣傳單頁(yè)是培訓(xùn)宣傳的主要渠道;超過(guò)半數(shù)的經(jīng)營(yíng)方對(duì)培訓(xùn)后成績(jī)進(jìn)行測(cè)量。第三,高達(dá)78.72%的被調(diào)查者對(duì)中考游泳培訓(xùn)有所需求;學(xué)生和家長(zhǎng)選擇的經(jīng)營(yíng)主體更傾向于公共體育場(chǎng)館和游泳培訓(xùn)機(jī)構(gòu);對(duì)培訓(xùn)場(chǎng)地及設(shè)施需求占前三位的是:室內(nèi)游泳池、溫水游泳池、防滑地面;家長(zhǎng)所能承受的中考游泳培訓(xùn)價(jià)格平均在550元左右;具備正規(guī)游泳教練員證書(shū)資格和豐富的游泳教學(xué)經(jīng)驗(yàn)的教練員是學(xué)生和家長(zhǎng)的首選;最受家長(zhǎng)認(rèn)可的教學(xué)方式及教學(xué)服務(wù)是對(duì)學(xué)生定期考核并向家長(zhǎng)反饋成績(jī),及教課時(shí)可以進(jìn)行旁觀(guān)。第四,目前上海市中考游泳培訓(xùn)市場(chǎng)所存在的問(wèn)題有:供需嚴(yán)重脫節(jié),供不應(yīng)求;運(yùn)營(yíng)主體市場(chǎng)運(yùn)作不力;游泳培訓(xùn)市場(chǎng)未細(xì)分,營(yíng)銷(xiāo)手段保守單一;課程定價(jià)高出市場(chǎng)需求承受力;教練員上崗資格不嚴(yán),素質(zhì)參差不齊;監(jiān)管渠道缺乏,售后服務(wù)不完善。第五,進(jìn)一步完善上海市中考游泳培訓(xùn)市場(chǎng)的對(duì)策有:培訓(xùn)經(jīng)營(yíng)方應(yīng)深入調(diào)研市場(chǎng)需求,細(xì)分游泳培訓(xùn)市場(chǎng);體育場(chǎng)館與培訓(xùn)機(jī)構(gòu)可通過(guò)業(yè)務(wù)外包等形式建立互惠合作;創(chuàng)新培訓(xùn)模式及營(yíng)銷(xiāo)渠道;政府應(yīng)加大扶持力度,通過(guò)政府購(gòu)買(mǎi)服務(wù)降低運(yùn)營(yíng)成本;規(guī)范教練員上崗標(biāo)準(zhǔn),建立教練員上崗制度;建立培訓(xùn)監(jiān)管系統(tǒng),完善售后服務(wù)機(jī)制。
[Abstract]:In the reform of the physical education in 2010, the Municipal Education Commission formally added the swimming project to the test of the junior high school graduation. under the effect of the command bar of the middle school, more and more junior middle school, teachers, parents, and individual students begin to pay attention to the learning of swimming, the demand market of swimming training is also high, How to carry out the swimming training to meet the practical needs of the students in Shanghai has become a problem to be solved urgently. Based on the three-factor model of training demand, this paper makes a survey and analysis of the supply status and demand factors of the students' participation in swimming training in Shanghai, so as to provide the countermeasures and suggestions for the business operation of the related sports training and management main body, so as to perfect, To enrich the relevant theoretical research of sports training in the sports service industry, to meet the needs of the students in Shanghai, to improve the level of swimming, to improve the actual demand of the physical education, to expand the training market, to promote the sports consumption and to promote the development of the sports industrialization. In this paper, through the methods of literature, interview, expert interview, questionnaire and statistical analysis, the author makes a survey of 23 swimming training operators,11 junior high school teachers and 11 junior middle school teachers in 11 districts in Shanghai. Based on the research and analysis of the supply and demand of swimming training in China, the following conclusions are drawn: First, the background of the development of swimming training needs of the middle school students in Shanghai is: the background of the task demand of the education department in the development of educational policies and regulations; The background of the organizational needs of the teachers in the course of education and teaching; the background of the personal needs of the students in the course of growth. Second, the main body of the swimming training of the middle school students in Shanghai is the public sports venues and the training institutions of the private nature; most of the operators have the swimming training of the examination class at least 50 people each year, and the indoor swimming pool can be basically provided in the field facilities; In the current period, the average swimming training price is about 950 yuan; the coach participating in the swimming training of the middle school is mainly from the part-time of the students from the sports colleges; the network media and the distribution propaganda single page are the main channels for the training and promotion; more than half of the operators measure the post-training achievements. The third, up to 78.72% of the respondents asked for the training of the middle school swimming; the main body of the students and the parents was more inclined to the public sports venues and the swimming training institutions; the front three of the training venues and facilities were: the indoor swimming pool, the warm water swimming pool and the anti-skid ground; The average swimming training price that the parents can bear is about 550 yuan; the coaches with the qualification of the regular swimming coach and the rich swimming teaching experience are the first choice for students and parents; The most parent-approved teaching methods and teaching services are the regular assessment of the students and the feedback to the parents. Fourth, the problems existing in the swimming training market in Shanghai are that the supply and demand are seriously disconnected, the supply is in short supply, the operation of the main body of the operation is weak, the swimming training market is not broken down, the marketing method is conservative, the course pricing is higher than the market demand, the coach is not well qualified, The quality is uneven; the lack of supervision channels and the imperfect after-sales service. Fifth, it is necessary to further improve the training market of the middle school swimming training in Shanghai: the training operator should study the market demand in-depth and subdivide the swimming training market; the sports venues and the training institutions can establish mutually beneficial cooperation in the form of business outsourcing; the innovative training mode and the marketing channel; The government should increase the support, reduce the operation cost through the government purchase service, standardize the coach induction standard, establish the coach induction system, establish the training supervision system, and improve the after-sales service mechanism.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海體育學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：G633.96

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