本文選題：企業(yè)邊界二重性　切入點：知識創(chuàng)造　出處：《中央民族大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：企業(yè)邊界一直以來都是現(xiàn)代企業(yè)理論研究的核心問題,對于企業(yè)邊界的探討其實遠(yuǎn)早于《企業(yè)的性質(zhì)》的誕生。斯密在《國富論》中提出他的勞動分工觀點,很好解釋了企業(yè)規(guī)模擴大的這一問題,并認(rèn)為分工會導(dǎo)致知識的積累和技術(shù)的進(jìn)步。之后的新古典經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)將數(shù)學(xué)方式作為其主要的研究方式,企業(yè)根據(jù)利潤最大化的原則來選擇自己的生產(chǎn)規(guī)模,技術(shù)被當(dāng)作外生變量來推動企業(yè)規(guī)模的擴大,而企業(yè)內(nèi)部則處于“黑箱狀態(tài)”。古典經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)和新古典經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)并沒有明確企業(yè)邊界這一概念,但是不難看出的是,在當(dāng)時社會背景下的企業(yè)邊界等于企業(yè)的實體規(guī)模,而技術(shù)進(jìn)步也確實推動了企業(yè)規(guī)模的擴大�？扑褂�1937年出版的《企業(yè)的性質(zhì)》奠定了現(xiàn)代企業(yè)理論的基礎(chǔ),科斯認(rèn)為影響企業(yè)邊界的因素是交易費用,即通過對企業(yè)內(nèi)部管理費用和市場交易費用進(jìn)行比較來決定企業(yè)邊界的變化方向,威廉姆森對科斯的思想進(jìn)行了進(jìn)一步的深化,從資產(chǎn)專用性、交易頻率以及交易不確定性三個角度來研究了企業(yè)的一體化行為,交易費用理論背后透露出了信息技術(shù)滯后所引發(fā)的信息不對稱等問題。始于20世紀(jì)80年代的企業(yè)能力理論從核心能力、稀缺資源等角度對企業(yè)邊界進(jìn)行了研究,強調(diào)了企業(yè)的能力邊界。隨著學(xué)者對企業(yè)邊界研究的不斷深化和拓展,知識在這些理論中所起的作用得到了越來越多的關(guān)注。傳統(tǒng)企業(yè)邊界理論將企業(yè)邊界等同于企業(yè)的實體規(guī)模,認(rèn)為企業(yè)邊界只具有一重性。然而隨著知識創(chuàng)造影響的日漸加劇,企業(yè)邊界趨向于模糊化——企業(yè)邊界不再完全等同于實體規(guī)模,而是表現(xiàn)為基于實體規(guī)模的實體邊界和基于核心能力及組織方式的虛擬邊界的總和。企業(yè)邊界模糊化的表現(xiàn)形式為基于實體規(guī)模之上的企業(yè)創(chuàng)新能力、管理范圍等成為了衡量企業(yè)邊界的重要因素,企業(yè)邊界從一重性向二重性轉(zhuǎn)變。在這轉(zhuǎn)變的背后是知識創(chuàng)造帶來的組織方式創(chuàng)新、技術(shù)創(chuàng)新、產(chǎn)品創(chuàng)新以及營銷創(chuàng)新對于企業(yè)的深刻影響,因此本文將基于知識創(chuàng)造視角對于企業(yè)邊界的擴張進(jìn)行研究。本文分為五個部分：緒論部分介紹了本文的研究背景及意義、創(chuàng)新點以及研究方法和思路；第一章為文獻(xiàn)綜述,包含了概念界定以及對己有的企業(yè)邊界論進(jìn)行評述；第二章提出了企業(yè)邊界從一重性向二重性的發(fā)展；第三章研究了知識創(chuàng)造的機制及應(yīng)用,進(jìn)而探討了對企業(yè)邊界擴張的影響,并例舉了蘋果公司的案例；第四章則進(jìn)一步探討了知識創(chuàng)造、企業(yè)邊界擴大、產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)升級以及內(nèi)生經(jīng)濟(jì)增長的之間的聯(lián)系,并從企業(yè)和政府層面提出了促進(jìn)企業(yè)邊界擴大和產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)升級的建議。
[Abstract]:Enterprise boundary has always been the core problem of modern enterprise theory. The discussion of enterprise boundary is far earlier than the birth of Enterprise Nature. Smith put forward his idea of division of labor in Wealth of Nations. A good explanation of the expansion of the size of the enterprise, and the view that the division of trade unions lead to the accumulation of knowledge and technological progress. After the neo-classical economics of mathematics as its main research methods, Enterprises choose their own production scale according to the principle of profit maximization, and technology is regarded as exogenous variable to promote the expansion of enterprise scale. Classical economics and neoclassical economics do not clearly define the concept of enterprise boundary, but it is not difficult to see that in the social background at that time, the enterprise boundary is equal to the enterprise entity scale. Coase published the Nature of Enterprises in 1937, which laid the foundation of modern enterprise theory. Coase believed that the factor affecting the enterprise boundary was transaction cost. That is to say, through the comparison of internal management expenses and market transaction costs, Williamson further deepens Coase's thought, from the perspective of asset specificity, to determine the changing direction of enterprise boundary. From the perspective of transaction frequency and transaction uncertainty, this paper studies the integration behavior of enterprises. The problem of information asymmetry caused by the lag of information technology is revealed behind the transaction cost theory. The enterprise capability theory, which began in the 1980s, has studied the enterprise boundary from the angle of core competence, scarce resources and so on. The capability boundary of the enterprise is emphasized. With the deepening and expanding of the research on the enterprise boundary, The role of knowledge in these theories has been paid more and more attention. The traditional enterprise boundary theory equates the firm boundary with the firm's entity scale, and holds that the firm boundary has only one nature. However, with the increasing influence of knowledge creation, the enterprise boundary has become more and more important. The enterprise boundary tends to blur-the enterprise boundary is no longer exactly equal to the physical scale, It is the sum of entity boundary based on entity scale and virtual boundary based on core competence and organization mode. The expression of enterprise boundary blurring is enterprise innovation ability based on entity scale. The scope of management has become an important factor to measure the enterprise boundary, and the enterprise boundary has changed from one nature to two. Behind this change are the innovation of organization and technology brought about by knowledge creation. Product innovation and marketing innovation have a profound impact on enterprises, so this paper will study the expansion of enterprise boundaries from the perspective of knowledge creation. This paper is divided into five parts: the introduction introduces the research background and significance of this paper. The first chapter is the literature review, which includes the definition of the concept and the review of the existing enterprise boundary theory, the second chapter puts forward the development of the enterprise boundary from one to two. The third chapter studies the mechanism and application of knowledge creation, and then discusses the impact on the expansion of enterprise boundaries, and gives an example of the case of Apple, the fourth chapter further discusses the knowledge creation, the expansion of enterprise boundaries. The relationship between industrial structure upgrading and endogenous economic growth, and the suggestions to promote the expansion of enterprise boundary and the upgrading of industrial structure are put forward from the level of enterprise and government.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中央民族大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：F272

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