本文關(guān)鍵詞：基于MVC架構(gòu)的電費管理系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計與實現(xiàn)　出處：《吉林大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

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【摘要】：電能是國家生產(chǎn)、人民生活的重要能量供應。小到電視電話這樣的個人日常生活用電，大到國家工業(yè)生產(chǎn)、科學研究，，都離不開電能供應。改革開放以來，隨著人民生活品質(zhì)提高，國家經(jīng)濟發(fā)展技術(shù)進步，電能供應的重要性愈發(fā)提高。相比其他能源，電能具有轉(zhuǎn)化靈活，傳輸快捷，低污染的特點。近年來，隨著全球能源的減少和社會生產(chǎn)對能源需求的迫切程度日益加深,我國政府也提出了加快建設(shè)資源節(jié)約型、環(huán)境友好型社會的方針，節(jié)能減排成為了熱點話題。在這個大形勢下，電力行業(yè)將在新時期扮演更加重要的角色。 電網(wǎng)公司是負責電力輸送和營銷的市場主體，主要職能是電力傳輸和電力營銷。電網(wǎng)公司是電力生產(chǎn)部門與電力消費部門中間的紐帶，是電力供應鏈條中至關(guān)重要的一個環(huán)節(jié)。 電費資金是供電企業(yè)的主要收入來源，對電力系統(tǒng)運營至關(guān)重要，是電力系統(tǒng)的血液。長期以來，電費管理采取的是“抄表-核算-收費”模式，即由抄表員入戶抄表，用戶用電信息統(tǒng)一集中到核算中心核算后，得到用戶應繳電費，再由收費員上門收取電費。這種管理模式存在若干弊端，在近年來尤為突出。首先，電量用戶數(shù)量的不斷增加，使得抄表員無法勝任這種以人工方式挨家挨戶上門抄表的模式。其次，繁雜的人工環(huán)節(jié)和操作過程，不可避免出現(xiàn)差錯，造成用戶或者電網(wǎng)公司的損失。電費拖欠問題由來已久，一直未找到有效的解決途徑，這對我國電力企業(yè)的發(fā)展來說是一個重大阻礙。 針對傳統(tǒng)電費管理模式的不足，本文擬結(jié)合計算機技術(shù)，互聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)和數(shù)據(jù)庫技術(shù)，設(shè)計和實現(xiàn)一個過程自動化、數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)一化的電費管理系統(tǒng)，實現(xiàn)電費信息的統(tǒng)一管理，費用自動核算，電費報表自動生成的功能。 分層結(jié)構(gòu)是軟件工程領(lǐng)域發(fā)展出來的一個重要的思想，對軟件的構(gòu)建、維護等各個生命階段都有極大的好處。首先，分層能夠降低模塊間的耦合關(guān)系。在定義好各個層次。間的接口后，各個模塊就能夠獨立開發(fā)。當需求發(fā)生變化時，只需要對相應的模塊進行升級，而不需要影響到其他的模塊。在軟件迭代過程當中，由于各模塊之間是松耦合結(jié)構(gòu)，當一個模塊發(fā)生改變后，并不影響其他模塊的穩(wěn)定性，這能夠為軟件帶來極高的穩(wěn)定性。 本文對基于MVC架構(gòu)的電費管理系統(tǒng)進行了深入研究。從系統(tǒng)設(shè)計原則，技術(shù)特性，具體實現(xiàn)等方面對該系統(tǒng)進行探討，并主要完成了以下幾個方面的工作： 1.研究電費管理的主要流程。研究現(xiàn)有人工電費管理機制下“抄表-核算-收費”模式的業(yè)務(wù)流程，目的是提取該業(yè)務(wù)中的數(shù)據(jù)實體及其關(guān)鍵處理流程，為建立軟件需求分析提供良好的指導。 2.研究MVC框架的特性和關(guān)鍵技術(shù)。(1)對MVC架構(gòu)的歷史背景，成功案例等進行概要的綜述。(2)對實現(xiàn)MVC的編程架構(gòu)，主要是基于Struct，Spring和Hibernat（eSSH）的編程框架及主要技術(shù)進行深入研究和討論，制定適合系統(tǒng)實現(xiàn)的編程框架。 3.建立了“基于MVC的電費管理系統(tǒng)”的系統(tǒng)需求分析。需求分析分別主要包括以下幾個方面的內(nèi)容：運行方式，主要包括操作人員對軟件運行的軟硬件環(huán)境的需求，以方便實際使用為目的，提取適合實際電費管理工作的軟硬件環(huán)境需求。軟件角色分析，根據(jù)電費管理系統(tǒng)流程制定與系統(tǒng)交互的用戶角色。用例分析，根據(jù)不同角色，對各個角色與軟件系統(tǒng)的交互行為進行定義，提取出不同的用例。在定義好用戶與系統(tǒng)的功能界限后，對系統(tǒng)進行功能劃分，并對各個子系統(tǒng)的工作流程，并發(fā)時序進行定義，給出系統(tǒng)的概要設(shè)計。 4.實現(xiàn)了“基于MVC的電費管理系統(tǒng)”，在概要設(shè)計的基礎(chǔ)上，對各個子系統(tǒng)的業(yè)務(wù)詳細流程和數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)構(gòu)進行定義，給出偽代碼級別的詳細設(shè)計。使用JAVA編程語言，實現(xiàn)各個子系統(tǒng)功能，并提供友好的用戶界面。 該系統(tǒng)能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)電費管理中的人員管理、抄表任務(wù)分配、電表數(shù)據(jù)錄入、自動核算、收款記錄等功能。能夠滿足實際應用的需求。此外，該系統(tǒng)采用成熟的輕量級的Java開發(fā)框架進行開發(fā)，具有良好的可移植性、擴展性和魯棒性，具有一定的實用和推廣價值。
[Abstract]:Electric power is the national important energy production, the supply of people's lives. Small television and telephone daily personal life like electricity, large national industrial production, scientific research, all cannot do without the power supply. Since the reform and opening up, along with the improvement of the people's life quality, the development of the national economy and technology progress, the importance of electric energy supply increasingly improved. Compared with other energy sources, power conversion with flexible, fast transmission, low pollution. In recent years, with the global energy reduction and social production urgency demand for energy is growing, the Chinese government also proposed to accelerate the construction of resource-saving and environment-friendly society policy, energy-saving emission reduction has become a hot spot topic. In this situation, the power industry will play a more important role in the new period.
Power Grid Corp is the main body responsible for power transmission and marketing. Its main functions are power transmission and power marketing. Power Grid Corp is the link between the electric power production department and the electricity consumption department, and it is a crucial link in the power supply chain.
Electricity is the main source of income funds for power enterprises, power system operation is very important, is the power system of blood. For a long time, electricity management is taking the "reading - Accounting - charging mode, namely meter reading meter reading, power centralized accounting center accounting information to users, users should pay the electricity bill, again the door from the toll charge. This management mode has some disadvantages, especially in recent years. First, increasing the power of the number of users, the meter reader is not capable of this kind of mode to manual meter reading from door to door. Secondly, artificial links and complicated operation process, the inevitable errors caused by the user, or the loss of Power Grid Corp. Electricity arrears of long-standing, have not found an effective way, which is a major obstacle to the development of China's power enterprises.
Aiming at the shortcomings of traditional electricity management mode, this paper combines computer technology, Internet technology and database technology, design and implementation of a process automation, electricity management system data unification, unified management of electricity information, the automatic cost accounting, electricity report automatic generation function.
The hierarchical structure is an important idea of software engineering development, the construction of software maintenance, etc. in various stages of life have great advantages. First, stratification can decrease the coupling relationship between modules. In the definition of a good interface between each layer. After each module can be independently developed. When demand change when, only need to upgrade the corresponding module, without affecting the other modules in the software. The iterative process, because each module is loose coupling structure, when a module is changed, does not affect the stability of other modules, which can provide high stability for the software.
In this paper, the electricity charge management system based on MVC architecture is deeply researched. The system is discussed from the aspects of system design principles, technical characteristics and specific implementation.
1., we study the main process of electricity tariff management. We study the business process of the "meter reading accounting charging" mode under the existing electricity tariff management mechanism, the purpose is to extract data entities in the business and its key processing flow, so as to provide good guidance for building software requirement analysis.
The characteristics and key technology research of MVC framework. 2. (1) of the MVC architecture and historical background, review summary of successful cases. (2) to achieve MVC programming framework, which is based on the Struct, Spring and Hibernat (eSSH) programming framework and main technology in-depth research and discussion, making programming framework for the realization of the system.
3. established the system demand analysis of electricity management system based on MVC. The demand analysis mainly includes the following aspects: operation mode, including the operator of the software operation of the hardware and software environment, to facilitate the actual use for the purpose of hardware and software requirements management extraction suitable for practical electricity. The role of software analysis, according to the electricity management system development process and system interactive user roles. Use case analysis, according to the different roles of defining the interaction behavior of various roles and the software system, to extract different cases. In the functional boundaries defined user and system after analyzing the system, and each subsystem the work flow, the definition of concurrent timing, outline design of system is given.
4. to achieve the "electricity management system based on MVC", on the basis of the outline design, the definition of the various subsystems of the business process and data structure, the detailed design gives the pseudo code level. The use of JAVA programming language, to achieve the various subsystems function, and provides a friendly user interface.
The system can realize the management of personnel management in the electricity meter reading meter, task allocation, data entry, automatic accounting, payment records and other functions. It can satisfy the practical application requirements. In addition, the Java development framework of the system using the mature lightweight development, good portability, scalability and robustness, has a certain the practical and promotional value.

【學位授予單位】：吉林大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TP311.52

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本文編號：1430437