本文選題：鐵路施工系統(tǒng) + 質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)��； 參考：《西南交通大學(xué)》2016年博士論文

【摘要】：質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)不僅包含產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià),也包含過程質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià),同時(shí)還包含組織系統(tǒng)的質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)等不同層次的評(píng)價(jià)內(nèi)容,所以,進(jìn)行質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)首先必須明確評(píng)價(jià)的對(duì)象,沒有明確對(duì)象的質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)是無意義和無效的評(píng)價(jià)。產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)通常是依據(jù)產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量驗(yàn)收標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來進(jìn)行的,而對(duì)于組織系統(tǒng)質(zhì)量的評(píng)價(jià)至今還沒有形成很好的理論或具體的實(shí)操辦法,然而理論界和實(shí)業(yè)界越來越多的人士已經(jīng)開始認(rèn)識(shí)到它的重要性。例如：在上個(gè)世紀(jì)90年代朱蘭提出的“大質(zhì)量”概念中就包括系統(tǒng)質(zhì)量的內(nèi)涵；另外,有關(guān)服務(wù)系統(tǒng)質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)、經(jīng)濟(jì)系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)的研究文獻(xiàn)也開始慢慢增多起來；同時(shí),在鐵路施工領(lǐng)域,由于針對(duì)工程產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)中存在著諸多的不確定性和不準(zhǔn)確性,所以研究鐵路施工系統(tǒng)的質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)問題就顯得尤為必要,因?yàn)樽罱K的工程產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量是由施工系統(tǒng)質(zhì)量決定的。由于“系統(tǒng)質(zhì)量”這一概念較為模糊,且缺少明確而嚴(yán)格的操作定義,故此本文在研究過程中采用了另外一個(gè)具有豐富內(nèi)涵的“質(zhì)量績效”概念來替代�？冃且粋�(gè)管理學(xué)領(lǐng)域的概念,它表示經(jīng)由一定的主觀努力,獲得的業(yè)績和成果的意思,通常包含有“結(jié)果”“行為”“能力”三個(gè)層面的內(nèi)涵；績效評(píng)價(jià)的對(duì)象通常是哪些具有過程特性的實(shí)體,諸如：工作、行為、活動(dòng)的主體,動(dòng)態(tài)演進(jìn)的系統(tǒng)等等。在鐵路施工系統(tǒng)中,常見的績效評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)有質(zhì)量、成本、進(jìn)度、安全、環(huán)保等,而質(zhì)量層面的績效(簡稱質(zhì)量績效)就是施工系統(tǒng)中各種工作、行為、活動(dòng)的主體在質(zhì)量方面的努力獲得的業(yè)績和成果,這種業(yè)績和成果既可以表現(xiàn)在過程質(zhì)量績效上,也可以表現(xiàn)在結(jié)果質(zhì)量績效上。而結(jié)果質(zhì)量績效既可以表現(xiàn)在工程的實(shí)體質(zhì)量上,同時(shí)也可以表現(xiàn)在業(yè)主(客戶)滿意程度上。本文通過對(duì)鐵路施工系統(tǒng)中影響結(jié)果質(zhì)量績效的動(dòng)因要素進(jìn)行深入研究,以BN方法構(gòu)建動(dòng)因要素和結(jié)果質(zhì)量績效間的路徑模型,并借助BN的推理診斷工具實(shí)現(xiàn)了對(duì)鐵路施工系統(tǒng)質(zhì)量績效的評(píng)價(jià)與診斷研究。具體地說,本文的研究主要包括以下內(nèi)容：首先,對(duì)鐵路施工系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行解構(gòu)分析,分別從經(jīng)營與管理、過程與流程、資源與要素等不同層面探索鐵路工程質(zhì)量形成的一般機(jī)制和規(guī)律,并以企業(yè)能力理論、資源基礎(chǔ)觀理論、管理的流程學(xué)派理論、質(zhì)量螺旋理論等為依據(jù)構(gòu)建鐵路施工系統(tǒng)質(zhì)量績效形成的P-R-M動(dòng)因模型；應(yīng)用探索性因子分析方法對(duì)P-R-M動(dòng)因模型中的53個(gè)指標(biāo)變量進(jìn)行萃取分析,獲得了11個(gè)質(zhì)量績效影響因子。應(yīng)用多元回歸分析方法找出質(zhì)量績效的直接影響因子,運(yùn)用BN結(jié)構(gòu)學(xué)習(xí)中基于條件獨(dú)立性測試的PC算法,獲得了11個(gè)影響因子和結(jié)果質(zhì)量績效之間的因果路徑結(jié)構(gòu)；應(yīng)用貝葉斯估計(jì)方法進(jìn)行BN模型的參數(shù)學(xué)習(xí),從而獲得了一個(gè)完整的BN模型；文章還應(yīng)用路徑分析方法對(duì)模型的結(jié)構(gòu)有效性進(jìn)行了檢驗(yàn)。此外,本文還將該BN模型應(yīng)用在鐵路施工系統(tǒng)質(zhì)量績效評(píng)價(jià)、輔助工程質(zhì)量預(yù)測、系統(tǒng)質(zhì)量績效問題診斷與追溯上,以實(shí)際案例說明了該BN模型所具有的三大功能及其具體應(yīng)用操作。最后,本文還根據(jù)BN模型推理與診斷的結(jié)果,結(jié)合中國鐵路施工領(lǐng)域質(zhì)量管理的現(xiàn)狀,分別從微觀項(xiàng)目管理、中觀業(yè)主治理、政府質(zhì)量監(jiān)督及國家法制等宏觀層面探索了中國鐵路施工系統(tǒng)質(zhì)量績效提升的對(duì)策和政策建議。本文的研究和其它現(xiàn)有的文獻(xiàn)所不同的地方主要表現(xiàn)在：其一,目前國內(nèi)相關(guān)的研究文獻(xiàn)大多是以國外現(xiàn)成的TQM實(shí)踐量表為基礎(chǔ)或增加若干指標(biāo)來構(gòu)建所謂的系統(tǒng)質(zhì)量績效評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系,本文則是從鐵路施工系統(tǒng)結(jié)果質(zhì)量績效形成過程的角度,以“消費(fèi)者棱鏡”理論為指導(dǎo),通過探索性因子分析得出11個(gè)質(zhì)量績效動(dòng)因要素。其二,和其它常見的評(píng)價(jià)方法如：AHP層次分析法、BP神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)分析法、SEM結(jié)構(gòu)方程分析方法所不同,本文采用了BN結(jié)構(gòu)學(xué)習(xí)的方法,開發(fā)出一套適合中國鐵路施工系統(tǒng)的質(zhì)量績效評(píng)價(jià)模型；這種BN模型不僅具有系統(tǒng)質(zhì)量績效評(píng)價(jià)功能,更重要的是它還兼具輔助工程質(zhì)量預(yù)測、系統(tǒng)質(zhì)量績效問題診斷與追溯功能；不僅能為決策者提供一般的質(zhì)量績效評(píng)價(jià)報(bào)告,同時(shí)還可以為決策者提供質(zhì)量績效診斷報(bào)告和改進(jìn)建議書,具有很強(qiáng)的現(xiàn)實(shí)指導(dǎo)意義。
[Abstract]:Quality evaluation includes not only product quality evaluation but also process quality evaluation, but also the evaluation content of different levels of organizational system quality evaluation. Therefore, the quality evaluation must first clearly evaluate the object, no definite object quality evaluation is unintentional and invalid evaluation. Product quality evaluation is usually based on the quality evaluation. According to the quality acceptance criteria of the product, the evaluation of the quality of the organization system has not yet formed a good theory or practical practice. However, more and more people in the theoretical and industrial circles have begun to realize its importance. For example, in the "mass" concept proposed by Juran in the 90s of last century In addition, the research literature on the quality evaluation of the service system and the evaluation of the operation quality of the economic system began to increase slowly. At the same time, in the field of railway construction, there are many uncertainties and inaccuracies in the quality evaluation of the engineering products, so the quality evaluation of the railway construction system is studied. The price problem is particularly necessary, because the quality of the final product is determined by the quality of the construction system. Because the concept of "system quality" is relatively vague and lacks a clear and strict operation definition, this paper uses another concept of "quality performance" with rich and rich connotations in the study process. It is a concept in the field of management, which means the meaning of achievement and achievement obtained through a certain subjective effort, usually contains three levels of "result", "behavior" and "ability"; the object of performance evaluation is usually the entity with process characteristics, such as work, behavior, activity, and dynamic evolution. In the railway construction system, the common performance evaluation indexes are quality, cost, progress, safety, environmental protection and so on, and the performance of the quality level (quality performance) is the achievement and results obtained by all kinds of work, behavior, and the main body of the construction system in the quality of the construction system. The quality performance of the process can also be shown on the result quality performance. The result quality performance can be shown both in the physical quality of the project and in the satisfaction degree of the owner (customer). Through the in-depth study of the factors influencing the results quality performance of the railway construction system, this paper constructs the motivation of the BN method. The path model between the quality performance of the result and the result of the result is used to study the evaluation and diagnosis of the quality performance of the railway construction system with the help of BN's reasoning diagnostic tool. In particular, the research mainly includes the following contents: first, the railway construction system is deconstructed and analyzed from management and management, process and process, resources and requirements. The general mechanism and laws of the quality formation of railway engineering are explored in different levels, and the P-R-M motivation model for the formation of quality performance of railway construction system is built on the basis of enterprise capability theory, resource base theory, management process school theory and quality helix theory, and the exploration factor analysis method should be used in the P-R-M motivation model. 53 index variables are extracted and analyzed, and 11 quality performance factors are obtained. The multiple regression analysis method is used to find the direct influence factor of quality performance. By using the PC algorithm based on conditional independence test in BN structure learning, the causality path structure between 11 influence factors and the result quality performance is obtained. The parameter learning of BN model is studied by the estimation method, and a complete BN model is obtained. The paper also uses the path analysis method to test the structure effectiveness of the model. In addition, this paper also applies the BN model to the quality performance evaluation of railway construction system, the quality prediction of auxiliary process, the diagnosis and pursuit of the system quality performance problems. On the basis of the actual cases, the three functions and the specific application operations of the BN model are illustrated. Finally, according to the results of the reasoning and diagnosis of the BN model and the current situation of the quality management in the Chinese railway construction field, the macro level of the micro project management, the middle view owner management, the government quality supervision and the national legal system are explored respectively. The countermeasures and policy suggestions for improving the quality performance of China railway construction system. The research of this paper and the other existing documents are mainly manifested in the following aspects: first, most of the relevant domestic research literature is based on the foreign ready-made TQM practice scale or the increase of several indicators to construct the so-called system quality performance evaluation. The index system is based on the formation process of the quality performance of the railway construction system, guided by the theory of "consumer prism", and obtains 11 factors of quality performance by exploratory factor analysis. Secondly, and other common evaluation methods, such as AHP analytic hierarchy process, BP neural network analysis, and SEM structural equation analysis. The method is different. This paper adopts the method of BN structure learning to develop a set of quality performance evaluation model suitable for China railway construction system. This BN model not only has the function of system quality performance evaluation, but also has the function of auxiliary engineering quality prediction, system quality performance problem diagnosis and tracing. The policy makers provide the general quality performance evaluation report, and can also provide quality performance diagnosis report and improvement proposal for the decision-makers. It is of great practical significance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：U215.1

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