中隔壁—臺(tái)階復(fù)合工法地鐵隧道施工過程動(dòng)態(tài)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)預(yù)警研究
本文選題:地鐵隧道 + 監(jiān)控量測; 參考:《蘭州交通大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文
【摘要】:近年來,隨著我國國民經(jīng)濟(jì)的持續(xù)迅猛發(fā)展,城鎮(zhèn)化速度不斷加快,作為現(xiàn)代城市交通運(yùn)輸生力軍的地鐵,正在全國各大城市加快建設(shè)。然而我國地形地貌多種多樣,地質(zhì)條件又復(fù)雜,因此在修建過程中始終面臨著較大的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。事故一旦發(fā)生,輕則增加工程造價(jià)、損壞施工機(jī)械,重則造成人員傷亡,并且事故后處理工作難度很大,帶來極大的負(fù)面社會(huì)效應(yīng)。所以本文以地鐵隧道施工過程中遇到的復(fù)雜地質(zhì)條件下采用特殊工法的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)預(yù)警問題為研究對(duì)象,以風(fēng)險(xiǎn)預(yù)警理論為基礎(chǔ),以可拓理論為手段,開展地鐵隧道施工過程中的動(dòng)態(tài)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)預(yù)警研究,并及時(shí)反饋預(yù)警信號(hào),以便減少施工風(fēng)險(xiǎn)事故,提高項(xiàng)目管理水平。本文主要開展了以下四個(gè)方面的研究:(1)依托采用中隔壁-臺(tái)階復(fù)合工法的莞惠城際項(xiàng)目常平段Ⅵ級(jí)軟弱圍巖區(qū)間,提出在這種復(fù)雜情況下解決風(fēng)險(xiǎn)預(yù)警問題過程中,將風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分析與施工監(jiān)控量測體系相結(jié)合,對(duì)致險(xiǎn)因子進(jìn)行識(shí)別,構(gòu)建風(fēng)險(xiǎn)預(yù)警指標(biāo)體系,即包括地質(zhì)與支護(hù)狀況觀察、拱頂沉降、凈空收斂、地表沉降和建筑物沉降五個(gè)一級(jí)指標(biāo),以及相應(yīng)的十三個(gè)二級(jí)指標(biāo)。這樣既保證了指標(biāo)體系的系統(tǒng)性和科學(xué)性,也能定量化描述警情大小。(2)將可拓理論應(yīng)用到風(fēng)險(xiǎn)等級(jí)評(píng)定中,建立關(guān)聯(lián)度函數(shù)矩陣,并采用改進(jìn)的層次分析法和熵權(quán)法進(jìn)行主客觀組合賦權(quán),進(jìn)而引入模糊綜合評(píng)價(jià)理論判定最終整體風(fēng)險(xiǎn)等級(jí)。最后將風(fēng)險(xiǎn)等級(jí)與五色預(yù)警系統(tǒng)相聯(lián)系,形成映射關(guān)系,從而完成中隔壁-臺(tái)階復(fù)合工法地鐵隧道施工過程動(dòng)態(tài)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)預(yù)警模型的建立,實(shí)現(xiàn)施工過程風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的動(dòng)態(tài)預(yù)警。(3)在以上研究內(nèi)容的基礎(chǔ)上,論文結(jié)合正在施工的莞惠城際常平段,研究采用該模型評(píng)價(jià)施工風(fēng)險(xiǎn)并作出預(yù)警信號(hào)。從綜合風(fēng)險(xiǎn)指數(shù)可以看出,評(píng)價(jià)的預(yù)警信號(hào)為“黃色信號(hào)”,說明此時(shí)地鐵隧道施工風(fēng)險(xiǎn)等級(jí)為3級(jí),比較緊急,出現(xiàn)局部坍塌和突水突泥,影響隧道施工,但不會(huì)產(chǎn)生大的事故。其中拱頂沉降速率、凈空收斂累計(jì)和地表沉降累計(jì)是較高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)源,為4級(jí);拱頂沉降累計(jì)、凈空收斂速率、地表沉降速率、建筑物沉降累計(jì)是中風(fēng)險(xiǎn),為3級(jí)。直觀、及時(shí)地反映了隧道施工過程中的警情大小,實(shí)踐證明了已建的中隔壁-臺(tái)階復(fù)合工法地鐵隧道施工過程動(dòng)態(tài)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)預(yù)警模型具有可行性和實(shí)用性,值得在類似工程中推廣和應(yīng)用。(4)選用面向?qū)ο蟮目梢暬幊坦ぞ遃isual Basic 6.0作為平臺(tái),完成《中隔壁-臺(tái)階復(fù)合工法地鐵隧道施工過程動(dòng)態(tài)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)預(yù)警系統(tǒng)》程序設(shè)計(jì),搭建了人機(jī)交互平臺(tái)。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid development of China's national economy and the acceleration of urbanization, subway, as the main force of modern urban transportation, is being constructed rapidly in all major cities in China. However, there are various landforms and complicated geological conditions in China, so it is always faced with great risks in the process of construction. Once the accident occurs, the light will increase the project cost, damage the construction machinery, cause casualties, and the post-accident treatment is very difficult, which brings great negative social effects. Therefore, this paper takes the problem of risk early warning under the complicated geological conditions in the construction of subway tunnel as the research object, taking the risk warning theory as the foundation, and taking the extension theory as the means. In order to reduce the construction risk accidents and improve the project management level, the research on dynamic risk early warning in subway tunnel construction is carried out, and the early warning signal is feedback in time. This paper mainly carried out the following four aspects of research: 1) relying on the middle next-step composite method of Guanghui Intercity Project Changping Section VI class weak surrounding rock section, it is proposed that in the process of solving the risk early warning problem in this complex situation, Combining the risk analysis with the construction monitoring and measuring system, the risk factors are identified, and the risk early warning index system is constructed, that is, the observation of the geological and supporting conditions, the settlement of the vault, the convergence of the clearance, There are five primary indexes of ground subsidence and building settlement, and thirteen corresponding secondary indexes. This not only ensures the systematicness and scientificalness of the index system, but also quantitatively describes the magnitude of the warning situation. (2) the extension theory is applied to the assessment of the risk grade, and the matrix of the correlation degree function is established. An improved analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and entropy weight method are used for subjective and objective combination weighting, and then fuzzy comprehensive evaluation theory is introduced to determine the final overall risk level. Finally, the risk level is connected with the five-color early warning system to form a mapping relationship, so as to complete the establishment of dynamic risk early warning model in the construction process of the subway tunnel with the compound construction method of the next-door and step method. On the basis of the above research, this paper studies the application of the model to evaluate the construction risk and make early warning signal, combined with the Changping section of Guanghui city, which is under construction. From the comprehensive risk index, it can be seen that the warning signal evaluated is "yellow signal", which indicates that the construction risk of subway tunnel is grade 3 at this time, which is more urgent, with local collapse and water inrush, which affects tunnel construction. But there will be no major accidents. Among them, the rate of crown settlement, the accumulation of clearance convergence and the accumulative accumulation of surface settlement are the higher risk sources, which are 4 grades, while the accumulation of crown settlement, clearance convergence rate, surface settlement rate and building settlement accumulation are middle risk, which are three grades. Intuitionistic and timely reflect the size of the warning situation in the tunnel construction process. The practice proves the feasibility and practicability of the established dynamic risk early warning model in the construction process of the subway tunnel with the combined construction method of the middle adjoining and the steps. It is worth popularizing and applying in similar engineering. 4) selecting the object-oriented visual programming tool Visual Basic 6.0 as the platform to complete the program design of the dynamic risk warning system for the construction process of the subway tunnel with the compound engineering method of the middle and next steps. A human-computer interaction platform is built.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:蘭州交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2015
【分類號(hào)】:U231.3;U455.49
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