本文關(guān)鍵詞： 信息通信技術(shù) 通用目的技術(shù) 服務(wù)業(yè) 勞動(dòng)生產(chǎn)率 ICT 密集型　出處：《北京郵電大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：20世紀(jì)90年代以來(lái),以微電子、計(jì)算機(jī)、通信和網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)為代表的信息通信技術(shù)得到了迅猛發(fā)展,其普及和應(yīng)用對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)和社會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)型產(chǎn)生了重要的影響。ICT在各服務(wù)行業(yè)已經(jīng)廣泛應(yīng)用,且已滲透至服務(wù)業(yè)務(wù)運(yùn)營(yíng)流程的各個(gè)環(huán)節(jié),優(yōu)化了服務(wù)模式、增加了服務(wù)業(yè)內(nèi)容、提高了服務(wù)產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量、拓展了服務(wù)業(yè)領(lǐng)域,已經(jīng)成為服務(wù)業(yè)突破性發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)。目前,服務(wù)業(yè)已經(jīng)成為我國(guó)產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化升級(jí)的重點(diǎn),推動(dòng)現(xiàn)代服務(wù)業(yè)的發(fā)展已經(jīng)被提到了戰(zhàn)略高度。而現(xiàn)代服務(wù)業(yè)發(fā)展依托最基礎(chǔ)、最重要的技術(shù)是信息通信技術(shù)。因此研究信息通信技術(shù)對(duì)服務(wù)業(yè)的作用,具有重要的理論和實(shí)踐意義。 本文著重研究三個(gè)問(wèn)題：信息通信技術(shù)是否是一種通用目的技術(shù)；信息通信技術(shù)如何促進(jìn)服務(wù)業(yè)的增長(zhǎng),其中包括信息通信技術(shù)促進(jìn)服務(wù)業(yè)生產(chǎn)率增長(zhǎng)的機(jī)理；信息通信技術(shù)在我國(guó)服務(wù)業(yè)中的應(yīng)用程度和對(duì)我國(guó)服務(wù)業(yè)增長(zhǎng)的促進(jìn)作用。 通用目的技術(shù)三個(gè)判別特征為技術(shù)動(dòng)力性、普遍使用性和創(chuàng)新促進(jìn)性。本文從美國(guó)、英國(guó)等發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家的ICT產(chǎn)品恒定質(zhì)量?jī)r(jià)格指數(shù)、ICT資本存量、專(zhuān)利等數(shù)據(jù)入手證明了信息通信技術(shù)完全符合這三個(gè)特征。通過(guò)中國(guó)的ICT產(chǎn)品恒定質(zhì)量?jī)r(jià)格指數(shù)、ICT中間投入、專(zhuān)利數(shù)據(jù)論證了信息通信技術(shù)在中國(guó)也展現(xiàn)了通用目的技術(shù)的特征。 對(duì)于信息通信技術(shù)對(duì)服務(wù)業(yè)增長(zhǎng)的作用,本文從三個(gè)方面進(jìn)行解釋?zhuān)盒畔⑼ㄐ偶夹g(shù)提高了與信息相關(guān)的服務(wù)業(yè)的勞動(dòng)生產(chǎn)率；促進(jìn)了服務(wù)業(yè)與制造業(yè)以及服務(wù)業(yè)內(nèi)部的融合滲透,創(chuàng)造了新需求,增加服務(wù)業(yè)的深度；促進(jìn)了服務(wù)業(yè)國(guó)際貿(mào)易的發(fā)展,拓展服務(wù)業(yè)的廣度。此外,就信息通信技術(shù)提升服務(wù)業(yè)生產(chǎn)率的機(jī)理進(jìn)行詳細(xì)分析,也包括三個(gè)方面：基于信息通信技術(shù)產(chǎn)生了網(wǎng)上交易方式,降低了服務(wù)交易各環(huán)節(jié)的交易成本,為產(chǎn)品價(jià)格下降提供基礎(chǔ),最終提升了服務(wù)交易規(guī)模,實(shí)現(xiàn)了規(guī)模效益；產(chǎn)生了新的服務(wù)方式,加速了物品、信息和資金“三流”的流動(dòng)；帶來(lái)了新的管理方式,提升了企業(yè)內(nèi)部和各產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈環(huán)節(jié)的效率。 利用投入產(chǎn)出法,從直接消耗系數(shù)和中間投入占比的角度入手,分析ICT在中國(guó)服務(wù)業(yè)的應(yīng)用強(qiáng)度。根據(jù)應(yīng)用強(qiáng)度將服務(wù)業(yè)分為ICT密集型服務(wù)業(yè)和非ICT密集型服務(wù)業(yè),ICT密集型服務(wù)業(yè)勞動(dòng)生產(chǎn)率和勞動(dòng)生產(chǎn)率的增長(zhǎng)均要高于非ICT密集型服務(wù)業(yè)。之后,建立了以服務(wù)增加值占比為因變量,ICT密集型服務(wù)業(yè)增加值占比、人均消費(fèi)額、人均工業(yè)增加值以及城鎮(zhèn)人口占比等四個(gè)指標(biāo)為自變量的估計(jì)模型。分析了1995年至2010年的數(shù)據(jù),結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)ICT密集型服務(wù)業(yè)增加值占比每提升1%,能夠帶動(dòng)服務(wù)業(yè)增加值在GDP中的占比提升0.698%。從而也說(shuō)明了信息通信技術(shù)對(duì)服務(wù)業(yè)的增長(zhǎng)有較顯著的正向影響。 最后,從信息基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè),服務(wù)業(yè)信息技術(shù)投資,密集型服務(wù)業(yè)的發(fā)展和服務(wù)業(yè)人才培養(yǎng)等四個(gè)方面提出了相關(guān)建議。
[Abstract]:Since 1990s, with microelectronics, computer, information and communication technology and network communication technology as the representative of the rapid development, the popularization and application of the important effect of.ICT has been widely used in service industry on economic growth and social transformation, and each link has penetrated to the service business operation process, optimize the service mode. Increase of services, improve service quality, expand the service sector, the service industry has become a key technology breakthrough. At present, the service industry has become the focus of optimizing and upgrading the industrial structure of our country, promote the development of modern service industry has been referred to the strategic height. But the development of modern service industry based on the the foundation, the most important is the information and communication technology. So the study of information communication technology on the role of services, has important theoretical and practical significance.
This paper focuses on three issues: whether the information communication technology is a kind of general purpose technologies; how the information and communication technology to promote the growth of services, including information and communication technology to promote the mechanism of service industry productivity growth; application level and on China's service industry promote the growth of information and communication technology in our country in service industry.
Three general purpose technologies for dynamic feature technology, the widespread use of innovation and promotion. This article from the United States, Britain and other developed countries ICT product quality constant price index, ICT capital stock, patent data of that information and communication technology is fully consistent with the three features. The China ICT constant quality price products ICT index, intermediate input, patent data demonstrates that information and communication technologies in China also show the characteristics of general purpose technologies.
For information and communication technology on growth of service industry, this paper explained from three aspects: information and communication technology to improve the information associated with the service industry labor productivity; to promote the integration of internal service industry and the manufacturing industry and service industry, creating new demand, increase the depth of service industry; promote the development of international trade in services, expand the breadth of services. In addition, a detailed analysis on the mechanism of information communication technology to enhance productivity in the service sector, including three aspects: information and communication technology based on the online transactions, reduce transaction costs of each link of the service trade, provide the basis for product prices, and ultimately enhance the service the size of the transaction, to achieve economies of scale; create new services, to accelerate the flow of information and capital goods, "three"; has brought a new management mode, provided The efficiency of the internal and industrial chain of the enterprise has been promoted.
Using the input-output method, the direct consumption coefficient and intermediate inputs accounted for the perspective of application of strength analysis of ICT in Chinese service industry. According to the application of service industry strength will be divided into ICT and non ICT intensive service intensive services, ICT intensive service industry labor productivity and labor productivity growth are higher than non ICT intensive service industry. After that, a proportion of the added value as the dependent variable to increase services, ICT intensive services accounted for ratio, per capita consumption, per capita industrial added value and the urban population accounted for four ratio index as independent variable estimation model. Analysis of the 1995 to 2010 data, the ICT was found to increase intensive services value accounted for every increase of 1%, to promote the service industry added value in the proportion of GDP 0.698%. which also explains a significant effect on growth of information and communication technology services.
Finally, it puts forward relevant suggestions from four aspects, including information infrastructure construction, service industry information technology investment, intensive service industry development and service industry personnel training.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京郵電大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F49;F719

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