本文關(guān)鍵詞：當(dāng)下中國網(wǎng)絡(luò)民意與政策議程建構(gòu)互動(dòng)關(guān)系分析　出處：《南京大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

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【摘要】：網(wǎng)絡(luò)已經(jīng)成為一個(gè)眾聲喧嘩的輿論場(chǎng),這里既有網(wǎng)民的自由狂歡,也有國家的嚴(yán)密監(jiān)視,既有知識(shí)分子的理性參政,也有娛樂一族的政治冷漠。這是一個(gè)多元復(fù)雜的所在。但是不可否認(rèn),就是這樣一個(gè)多元復(fù)雜的所在,正在逐漸改變我國的政策議程建構(gòu)。如今的網(wǎng)絡(luò)民意,已然不是小眾群體的意見表達(dá),更不是沒有邏輯毫無意義的牢騷和抱怨。網(wǎng)民們已經(jīng)開始帶著誠意和理性,積極爭取參與到我國公共政策體系中來。當(dāng)此背景,研究網(wǎng)絡(luò)民意和政策議程的關(guān)系,對(duì)于優(yōu)化我國公共政策議程設(shè)置,提高公共政策研究和實(shí)踐的民主化、科學(xué)化水平,具有極大的促進(jìn)作用。 本文研究的創(chuàng)新之處在于以網(wǎng)絡(luò)民意和政策議程的互動(dòng)關(guān)系為出發(fā)點(diǎn),分析網(wǎng)絡(luò)民意推動(dòng)政策議程設(shè)置的三種模式,在分析網(wǎng)絡(luò)民意和政策議程的互動(dòng)關(guān)系過程中,將網(wǎng)絡(luò)議程作為獨(dú)立于政府議程、民眾議程和媒體議程之外的一種議程來看待,而不是簡單將其混同于政府議程、民眾議程或媒體議程,力圖尋找出將網(wǎng)絡(luò)民意轉(zhuǎn)化為政策議程的機(jī)制,使得網(wǎng)絡(luò)作為一種工具,能夠更好地促進(jìn)我國公共政策發(fā)展。通過分析,本文得出如下結(jié)論：網(wǎng)絡(luò)民意納入公共政策議程,既有獨(dú)立性、代表性和真實(shí)性等理論可行性,也有網(wǎng)民數(shù)量龐大、網(wǎng)民素質(zhì)提升和網(wǎng)絡(luò)平臺(tái)發(fā)展等現(xiàn)實(shí)可行性。網(wǎng)絡(luò)民意在推動(dòng)我國公共政策議程建立的過程中,已經(jīng)發(fā)揮了積極作用。按照作用發(fā)揮的方式和路徑,可以總結(jié)歸納為三種模式,即線上與線下參與模式、抵制與不合作模式、多主體隱性聯(lián)盟模式。盡管,網(wǎng)絡(luò)民意對(duì)于政策議程建構(gòu)起到了重要推動(dòng)作用,但是仍有一些障礙性因素存在,所以,要想將政策議程建構(gòu)中網(wǎng)絡(luò)民意的作用發(fā)揮到最大,還需要有更多理論、體系和制度方面的設(shè)計(jì)。 本文主體包括五大部分：其一對(duì)議題進(jìn)行了考察；其二建構(gòu)了理論基礎(chǔ)和分析框架；其三選取典型案例進(jìn)行深入分析；其四分析存在的問題并尋找解決之道；最后尋求網(wǎng)絡(luò)民意與政策議程良性互動(dòng)的優(yōu)化之道。本文借用了公共政策議程建構(gòu)的一般模式、王紹光提出的中國公共政策議程設(shè)置的六種模式,以及約翰·金登的多源流政策議程模型�；趯�(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)民意推動(dòng)政策議程的典型案例分析,總結(jié)出了線上與線下參與模式、抵制與不合作模式、多主體隱性聯(lián)盟模式三種模式。在分析這三種模式的內(nèi)在機(jī)理時(shí),借鑒了約翰·金登的多源流分析思路。通過上述分析,基本將網(wǎng)絡(luò)民意推動(dòng)政策議程的過程解剖出來。在此基礎(chǔ)上,本文探討了網(wǎng)絡(luò)民意推動(dòng)政策議程過程中存在的阻礙性因素,包括主要從合法性困境、權(quán)力困境和體制困境三個(gè)方面展開討論。合法性困境包括網(wǎng)絡(luò)民意的非組織化、非制度化和主體缺失的特性。權(quán)利困境包括壓力型的績效考評(píng)體制、穩(wěn)定壓倒一切的心態(tài)、父愛主義的執(zhí)政風(fēng)格和俘獲一切的權(quán)力慣性。體制困境包括政治體制的彈性不足、行政系統(tǒng)的外部封閉性和“內(nèi)輸入”的信息傳遞途徑。緊接著,本文依次對(duì)可能的解決之道進(jìn)行了分析。最后,探討了網(wǎng)絡(luò)民意納入政策議程的路徑。通過理論分析和對(duì)現(xiàn)實(shí)制度安排的考察,本文提出了三種路徑建設(shè),即理念建設(shè)：確立網(wǎng)權(quán)概念；環(huán)境建設(shè)：優(yōu)化網(wǎng)絡(luò)監(jiān)管；制度建設(shè)：建設(shè)完善網(wǎng)絡(luò)問政平臺(tái)、網(wǎng)絡(luò)發(fā)言人和微博問政三種制度形式。
[Abstract]:The network has become a cacophonous public opinion field, both the free Carnival of Internet users, but also the close surveillance of the country, both rational political participation, also have the entertainment people's political apathy. This is a complex problem. But we can't deny that this is a diverse and complex place, is gradually changing the policy agenda construction in our country. Now the network public opinion, expression is not the views of minority groups, no more than the logic of pointless whining and complaining. Netizens have started with sincerity and rational, actively involved in the system of public policy in our country. In this context, research on the relationship between the network of public opinion and policy agenda setting, for optimizing China's public policy agenda, improve public policy research and practice of democratization, scientific level, has a great role in promoting.
The innovation of this paper lies in the interaction between the network of public opinion and policy agenda as a starting point, analysis of network public opinion to promote the three modes of policy agenda setting, in the process of interaction between network public opinion and policy agenda analysis, the network agenda is independent from the government agenda, an agenda and public agenda of the media agenda to look at, rather than simply be confused with the government agenda, public agenda or the media agenda, the paper tries to find out the mechanism of network public opinion into the policy agenda, making the network as a tool to better promote the development of public policy in China. Through the analysis, this article draws the following conclusion: the network of public opinion into public policy agenda both, independence, representation and authenticity of the theoretical feasibility, also have a huge number of Internet users, Internet users quality and network platform. The practical feasibility of the network of public opinion In the process of promoting China's public policy agenda establishment, has played a positive role. According to the role played by the way, can be summarized into three modes, namely participation mode online and offline, resistance and non cooperative mode, mode of tacit alliance. However, the network of public opinion for the construction of policy agenda plays an important role, but there are still some obstacles, therefore, to the public policy agenda construction in the network to maximize the role, but also need more theory, system design and system.
This paper mainly includes five parts: one on the agenda for the study; second construction of the theoretical basis and analysis framework; the three typical cases in-depth analysis; the analysis of the existing problems and find solutions; finally seek the optimization of network public opinion and policy agenda interaction. This paper borrows the general mode of public the policy agenda, six modes of Chinese public policy agenda proposed by Wang Shaoguang and John Kingdon set, the multiple stream policy agenda analysis model. A typical case to promote the policy agenda based on public opinion on the Internet, summed up the participation mode of online and offline, resistance and non cooperation mode, tacit alliance mode in three modes. Study on inner mechanism of the three modes, draws on John Kingdon's multiple streams analysis method. Through the above analysis, the basic network of public opinion to promote The policy agenda were anatomical. On this basis, this paper discusses the network of public opinion to promote the existence of the policy agenda in the process of hindering factors, including mainly from the three aspects of legitimacy dilemma, power difficulties and institutional difficulties were discussed. The legitimacy dilemma including network public opinion characteristics of non organization, non institutionalized and the absence of the subject right. Difficulties include pressure based performance appraisal system, stability is of overriding importance mentality, paternalism ruling style and capture all the power of inertia. Lack of institutional difficulties including the political system flexibility, external administrative system closed and "input" information transmission way. Then, the thesis analyzes the possible the solution is discussed. Finally, the network of public opinion into the path of the policy agenda. Through theoretical analysis and inspection arrangements for the real system, this paper puts forward three kinds of path construction Set up, namely concept construction: establish the concept of network power; environmental construction: optimize network supervision; system construction: construct and perfect three platforms of network governance platform, network spokesman and micro-blog government.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：F49;D630

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