近年來,由于氣候變化相關(guān)的自然災(zāi)害,全球預(yù)計將有數(shù)百萬沿海人口無家可歸或流離失所,這些人被稱為“氣候難民”。孟加拉國沿海地區(qū)也不例外。這些地區(qū)不斷受到自然災(zāi)害的影響,沿海人民的生活受到影響,迫使他們遷移。在世界最發(fā)達地區(qū)遷移之間的聯(lián)系,脆弱性和適應(yīng)能力在本質(zhì)上是線性的,但在孟加拉國的沿海地區(qū)氣候難民遷移之間的聯(lián)系,脆弱性和適應(yīng)策略通常是圓形而不是線性的,這是因為大多數(shù)時候他們不得不暫時沿著沿海河谷移動。每次移動到新的地方,生存策略都是非常有限和站不住腳的,所以再次受到危險影響的機會增加了。因此,本文的主要目的是探討不同沿海難民家庭的遷移、脆弱性與適應(yīng)策略之間的關(guān)系。首先,本研究確定了影響氣候難民移民決策的重要因素;其次,本研究評估了氣候難民集體的脆弱性指數(shù),最后探討了適應(yīng)和恢復(fù)力的支持策略。但在此之前,本研究試圖分析“氣候難民”的話語。為了達到研究的目的,本研究采用了定量和定性兩種方法。采用定量方法研究了影響遷移決策的因素。此外,該方法還被用于找出氣候難民脆弱性的主要構(gòu)成部分,最后通過該定量方法找出沿海地區(qū)的適應(yīng)支持策略及其可持續(xù)性。本研究利用定性數(shù)據(jù),試圖了解氣候難民對沿海地區(qū)脆弱局... 

【文章來源】：華中師范大學(xué)湖北省 211工程院校 教育部直屬院校

【文章頁數(shù)】：216 頁

【學(xué)位級別】：博士

【文章目錄】：
ABSTRACT
摘要
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
LIST OF ACRONYMS
1 INTRODUCTION
    1.1 Background of the Study
    1.2 Research Questions
    1.3 Research Objectives
    1.4 Research Hypothesis
    1.5 Conceptual Definitions
    1.6 Rationale of the Study
    1.7 Organization of the Thesis
2 LITERATURE REVIEW
    2.1 Tracing the Discourse of 'Climate Refugee' and their Existence under International Approaches
        2.1.1 Discourses of'Climate Refugees':A Genealogy
        2.1.2 Conceptualizing'Refugee' and'Climate Refugee'
        2.1.3 Reasons for which there is an Absence of International Protection for Climate Refugees
        2.1.4 Rationale to have the Right to get the Protection under Refugee Law for Climate Refugees
    2.2 Environment, Climate Change and Migration:ExistingEvidence
        2.2.1 Climate Change and Migration Nexus
        2.2.2 The Focus on Numbers about Climate Refugees
        2.2.3 Multi-Causality of Climate Change Migration
        2.2.4 Theoretical Arguments:Climate Change and Migration
            2.2.4.1 Environmental Factors Affecting Migration Decision
            2.2.4.2 Economic Factors Affecting Migration decision
            2.2.4.3 Social and Political Factors Affecting Migration Decision
        2.2.5 Measurement Instruments
        2.2.6 Environmental Reasons of Displacement in China
    2.3 Climate Change Vulnerability and Adaptation Strategies in the Coastal Regions
        2.3.1 Vulnerability, Adaptation, and Adaptive Capacity as Conceptual Issues
        2.3.2 Climate Change Vulnerabilities in Coastal Areas
        2.3.3 Climate Change Vulnerability in the Coastal Regions of Bangladesh
        2.3.4 The Elements of Vulnerability in Coastal Areas
        2.3.5 Measurement equations for Examining Vulnerability Index of Climate Refugee Communities in the Coastal areas
        2.3.6 Adaptation to Climate Change in Bangladesh
        2.3.7 Priority Adaptation Measures in Bangladesh
        2.3.8 Existing Adaptation Strategies in the Coastal Areas of Bangladesh
        2.3.9 Method of Calculating Sustainability of Climate Change Adaptation
    2.4 Research Framework
3 METHODOLOGY
    3.1 Research Design
    3.2 Research Method
    3.3 Research Area
    3.4 Population of the Study
    3.5 Unit of Analysis
    3.6 Sample Size & Sampling
    3.7 Technique of Data Collection
    3.8 Techniques of Data Processing and Analysis
    3.9 Ethical Issues
4 RESEARCH FINDINGS
    4.1 General Information of Participants of the Study
    4.2 Factors Affecting Migration Decision of Climate Refugees
        4.2.1 Descriptive Statistics
        4.2.2 Reliability Analysis of the Construct
        4.2.3 Factor Analysis
            4.2.3.1 Kaiser Meyer Olkin (KMO) and Bartlett's Test
            4.2.3.2 Measurement Model
            4.2.3.3 Discriminant Validity
            4.2.3.4 Hypothesis Testing
        4.2.4 Perceptions about Migration Decision of Climate Refugees by Region
            4.2.4.1 Respondents Perception about Migration Phenomena
        4.2.5 Specific Factors Affecting Migration Decision by Region
            4.2.5.1 Variability in Precipitation and Temperature Patterns(Environmental)
            4.2.5.2 Migration due to Extreme Events (Environmental)
            4.2.5.3 Migration due to Decreasing Soil Fertility and Food Shortage (Environmental)
            4.2.5.4 Migration due to Exhaustion of Natural Resources (Environmental)
            4.2.5.5 Migration due to Loss of Shelter
            4.2.5.6 Migration due to Low Income (Economic)
            4.2.5.7 Migration due to Unemployment (Economic)
            4.2.5.8 Migration due to Increasing Price (Economic)
            4.2.5.9 Social Factors Responsible for Migration Decision
            4.2.5.10 Migration due to Safety (Political)
    4.3 Measuring Vulnerability Index of Climate Refugee Communities in Different Coastal Regions
        4.3.1 Vulnerability Index (Ⅵ) of Climate Refugee Community at Haridhali Union, Khulna
        4.3.2 Vulnerability Index (Ⅵ) of Climate Refugee Community at Uttar Algi Durgapur Union, Chandpur
        4.3.3 Vulnerability Index (Ⅵ) of Climate Refugee Community at Sreepur Union, Barishal
    4.4 Supporting Strategies of Adaptation and Resilience for Climate Refugees in Different Coastal Areas of Bangladesh
        4.4.1 Categorization of Existing Climate Change Adaptation Strategies
            4.4.1.1 Categorization of Existing Adaptation to Structural Sector in Coastal Areas
            4.4.1.2 Categorization of Existing Adaptation to Livelihood in Different Coastal Areas of Bangladesh
            4.4.1.3 Categorization of Existing Adaptation to Water Sources
        4.4.2 Sustainability of Climate Change Adaptation Practices to Climate Refugees
            4.4.2.1 Sustainability Score of the Respondent's existing Adaptation to Structural Sector in Coastal Areas
            4.4.2.2 Sustainability Score of the Respondent's Livelihood Adaptation in Different Coastal Areas
            4.4.2.3 Sustainability Score of the Respondent's existing Adaptation to Water Sources in Different Coastal Areas
        4.4.3 Further Migration as Final Adaptation Strategy to reduce Vulnerabilities in the Coastal areas
5 DISCUSSIONS
    5.1 Climate Refugee Discourse and Institutional Gap
    5.2 Factors Influencing Migration Decision of Climate Refugee Communities in the Context of Current study
    5.3 Climate Vulnerability and Adaptation Options in the Context of Current study
6 CONCLUSION AND RESEARCH IMPLICATIONS
    6.1 Conclusion
    6.2 Research Implications
        6.2.1 Climate Refugee discourse and Protection Gap
        6.2.2 Enhance Engagement and Support from Government
        6.2.3 Enhance Engagement and Support from the Regional Communities
        6.2.4 Enhance Engagement and Support from the International Communities
        6.2.5 Explore the Village Cluster Model for Potential Application to Climate Refugees
BIBLIOGRAPHY
APPENDIXES
    Appendix 1: Survey Letter
    Appendix 2: Survey Questionnaire
    Appendix 3: Checklist for Case Studies
    Appendix 4: Case Studies
    Appendix 5: Socio Demographic Data Sheet
    Appendix 6: Upazilas and Unions of Study Areas
    Appendix 7: Vulnerability Index Data
    Appendix 8: 摘要



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