【摘要】：木材是制造車船、農(nóng)具、家具和建造房屋、橋梁、水利工程等的重要材料,在傳統(tǒng)時(shí)期的區(qū)域貿(mào)易體系中亦居于重要地位。江南地區(qū)市鎮(zhèn)繁榮,人口眾多,需要消耗大量的木材,而江南本地所產(chǎn)木材甚少,遠(yuǎn)不能滿足日常所需,因此不得不依賴于外地輸入。錢塘江流域是距離江南地區(qū)最近的木材產(chǎn)區(qū),在徽州、杭紹等地商人的經(jīng)營(yíng)下,木材源源不斷地從上游山場(chǎng)流向下游,并通過運(yùn)河水網(wǎng)銷往江南各地。木材產(chǎn)地、銷售市場(chǎng)、水運(yùn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)、商人群體,共同構(gòu)成了錢塘江流域完整的木材貿(mào)易體系,也推進(jìn)了長(zhǎng)江下游區(qū)核心-邊緣地域之間的整合。 本文主要考察明代至民國(guó)錢塘江流域的木業(yè)及其對(duì)地方社會(huì)的影響,此處“木業(yè)”包括木材的生產(chǎn)、采伐、運(yùn)輸、銷售各環(huán)節(jié),社會(huì)影響主要圍繞木材商人與地方民眾的糾紛展開。在具體安排上,首先是對(duì)錢塘江流域木業(yè)展開的歷史進(jìn)行回顧,然后對(duì)其得以持續(xù)發(fā)展的自然和社會(huì)原因進(jìn)行分析；其次對(duì)木材的產(chǎn)地與運(yùn)銷網(wǎng)絡(luò)進(jìn)行歷史地理學(xué)上的復(fù)原,從中可以看到木業(yè)在空間分布上呈現(xiàn)出市場(chǎng)趨向性；再次通過具體的個(gè)案,考察在木材運(yùn)輸和堆放過程中,木商與地方社會(huì)的沖突、互動(dòng)。從這些個(gè)案的考察中,可以看到明清商業(yè)化背景下地方社會(huì)所經(jīng)歷的變化,這種變化既有生態(tài)環(huán)境的改變,也有民眾社會(huì)生活和思想觀念的變化。
[Abstract]:Wood is an important material for the manufacture of cars and ships, agricultural tools, furniture and the construction of houses, bridges, water conservancy projects and so on. It also plays an important role in the regional trading system in the traditional period. The towns in the south of the Yangtze River are prosperous and have a large population and need to consume a lot of wood. However, the local wood produced in the south of the Yangtze River is very small and far from meeting the daily needs, so it has to rely on foreign imports. Qiantang River Basin is the nearest wood producing area in the south of the Yangtze River. Under the management of businessmen in Huizhou, Hangshao and other places, the wood flows continuously from the upstream mountain yard to the downstream, and is sold to all parts of the south of the Yangtze River through the canal water network. Wood producing area, sales market, water transportation network and merchant group together constitute a complete timber trading system in Qiantang River Basin, and also promote the integration between the core and edge areas of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River. This paper mainly investigates the wood industry in the Qiantang River Basin from Ming Dynasty to the Republic of China and its influence on the local society, where the "wood industry" includes the production, cutting, transportation and sales of wood. The social influence mainly revolves around the dispute between the timber merchant and the local people. In the specific arrangement, first of all, the history of wood industry in Qiantang River Basin is reviewed, and then the natural and social reasons for its sustainable development are analyzed. Secondly, the historical geography of the origin and transportation and marketing network of wood is restored, from which we can see that the wood industry shows a market trend in the spatial distribution. Thirdly, through specific cases, the conflict and interaction between wood merchants and local society are investigated in the process of wood transportation and stacking. From the investigation of these cases, we can see the changes experienced by the local society under the background of commercialization in Ming and Qing dynasties, which are not only the changes of ecological environment, but also the changes of people's social life and ideas.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：復(fù)旦大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：F429

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