【摘要】：電力既是消費(fèi)者也是能源提供者,是社會(huì)發(fā)展的重要支撐,各行業(yè)的發(fā)展與否在電能消耗上均有所體現(xiàn),因此電力產(chǎn)業(yè)的節(jié)能減排在整個(gè)節(jié)能減排工作中占據(jù)舉足輕重的地位。 本文首先通過對(duì)現(xiàn)行電價(jià)形成機(jī)制及其存在的問題與原因的討論闡述了電力行業(yè)在節(jié)能減排中的重要性,并著重強(qiáng)調(diào)了電價(jià)機(jī)制對(duì)環(huán)境保護(hù)的影響作用；從用戶角度出發(fā)研究了典型電價(jià)模型(標(biāo)桿電價(jià)等)對(duì)各類用戶的總體影響,分類對(duì)用戶負(fù)荷影響進(jìn)行分析,總結(jié)電價(jià)模型推動(dòng)的包括價(jià)格彈性、需求彈性、差別定價(jià)這三點(diǎn)用戶的節(jié)能用電傾向,即“與彈性成反比”規(guī)則,總體概括為對(duì)價(jià)格彈性較低的用戶收取較高的價(jià)格,而對(duì)價(jià)格彈性較高的用戶收取較低的價(jià)格。電價(jià)是我們?nèi)粘Ｉ钪斜M可能節(jié)能的一種內(nèi)在驅(qū)動(dòng)力,電價(jià)機(jī)制使得用戶在日常生活中以錯(cuò)峰用電,積極利用峰谷電價(jià)差的方式實(shí)現(xiàn)節(jié)能減排的目的；結(jié)合理想電價(jià)機(jī)制提出了對(duì)現(xiàn)行電價(jià)機(jī)制的運(yùn)行調(diào)整建議,對(duì)于階梯電價(jià)的三檔消費(fèi)區(qū)分還不足以完全體現(xiàn)效率,針對(duì)富人的第三檔消費(fèi)提出建議,使其對(duì)電價(jià)敏感從而節(jié)約用電達(dá)到節(jié)能減排的目的；最后本文通過對(duì)上海市電價(jià)與節(jié)能降耗關(guān)系的調(diào)研考察,從上海市節(jié)能降耗存在的問題、在能源危機(jī)下的區(qū)域電價(jià)機(jī)制出發(fā),對(duì)區(qū)域電價(jià)機(jī)制與節(jié)能提出控制總量消耗,完善約束機(jī)制,加大政府在節(jié)能方面的投入力度,從思想上宣傳教育等措施從而將節(jié)能減排工作擴(kuò)展到全區(qū)域。
[Abstract]:Electricity is not only a consumer but also an energy provider and an important support for social development. The development of various industries is reflected in the energy consumption, so the energy saving and emission reduction of the power industry occupies a pivotal position in the whole energy conservation and emission reduction work. In this paper, firstly, the importance of electric power industry in energy saving and emission reduction is expounded through the discussion of the current electricity price formation mechanism and its existing problems and reasons, and the effect of electricity price mechanism on environmental protection is emphasized. From the user's point of view, this paper studies the general influence of typical electricity price model (benchmarking price, etc.) on all kinds of users, analyzes the influence of classification on user load, and summarizes the price elasticity and demand elasticity promoted by electricity price model. The rule of "inversely proportional to elasticity", which is the energy saving tendency of the three customers, is generally summarized as charging a higher price for the user with lower price elasticity and a lower price for the user with the higher price elasticity. Electricity price is an internal driving force to save energy as much as possible in our daily life. The mechanism of electricity price makes users make use of peak and valley electricity price difference actively to achieve the purpose of energy saving and emission reduction in daily life. Combined with the ideal electricity price mechanism, the paper puts forward some suggestions for the operation and adjustment of the current electricity price mechanism. The three-stage consumption differentiation of the stepped electricity price is not enough to fully reflect the efficiency, and the suggestion is made for the third stage consumption of the rich. Make it sensitive to electricity price so as to save electricity to achieve the purpose of energy saving and emission reduction; Finally, based on the investigation and investigation of the relationship between electricity price and energy saving and consumption reduction in Shanghai, from the existing problems of energy saving and consumption reduction in Shanghai, the paper proposes to control the total consumption of the regional electricity price mechanism and energy saving from the regional electricity price mechanism under the energy crisis. Improve the restraint mechanism, increase the government investment in energy conservation, from the ideological propaganda and education measures to expand the work of energy saving and emission reduction to the whole region.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：F426.61;F205

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