【摘要】：目前世界大多數(shù)國家都加強了環(huán)境規(guī)制，但是各國在規(guī)制強度方面存在較大差異，從而引發(fā)了人們關(guān)于環(huán)境規(guī)制強度差異是否會對國際競爭力產(chǎn)生消極影響的憂慮，并由此產(chǎn)生了污染避難地假說和波特假說這兩種完全相反的觀點，上述兩種觀點分別被不同的實證結(jié)果所支持。而產(chǎn)生這種觀點上和實證結(jié)果上差異的原因，除了考察期間的短期與長期差別外，還有環(huán)境規(guī)制測度指標選取的差異。現(xiàn)有的環(huán)境規(guī)制測度指標在準確性、一致性、外生性方面存在缺陷，并成為實證研究領(lǐng)域亟待解決的問題。本文從環(huán)境規(guī)制強度的指標選擇出發(fā)，在對國內(nèi)外實證研究采用的環(huán)境規(guī)制強度測度指標進行總結(jié)、比較、評價的基礎(chǔ)上，運用虛擬環(huán)境成本法對環(huán)境規(guī)制強度指標中的傳統(tǒng)環(huán)境規(guī)制強度和環(huán)境規(guī)制執(zhí)法強度進行了區(qū)分和測度，并從工業(yè)總體和具體行業(yè)的維度，運用因素分解法分析了兩者變化趨勢相反的原因。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，傳統(tǒng)的環(huán)境規(guī)制強度測度指標并不能很好地反映我國環(huán)境規(guī)制強度變化的實際軌跡，我國2000年-2010年傳統(tǒng)環(huán)境規(guī)制強度的下降趨勢，在很大程度上可以被歸因為工業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的升級，即能源的環(huán)境效率和能源的經(jīng)濟效率的提升；與此同時，環(huán)境規(guī)制執(zhí)法強度指標相對較好地刻畫了中國工業(yè)環(huán)境規(guī)制日益嚴格的趨勢。而對污染密集型產(chǎn)業(yè)的傳統(tǒng)環(huán)境規(guī)制強度指標進行因素分解的分析表明，，環(huán)境規(guī)制執(zhí)法強度、能源的環(huán)境效率和經(jīng)濟效率的作用方向和作用大小存在顯著的行業(yè)差異。因此在進行環(huán)境規(guī)制政策制定時需要考慮行業(yè)間的這種差異。與傳統(tǒng)的政府強制型規(guī)制工具相比，市場型規(guī)制工具更具優(yōu)勢。 關(guān)于環(huán)境規(guī)制與產(chǎn)業(yè)國際競爭力的關(guān)系，一直存在著有利論、不利論和綜合論三種相互對立的觀點。本文基于綜合指標評價法對2001年-2010年的產(chǎn)業(yè)國際競爭力水平進行了測度，并運用計量分析方法探討了環(huán)境規(guī)制執(zhí)法強度與工業(yè)國際競爭力的長期協(xié)整關(guān)系和格蘭杰因果關(guān)系。通過構(gòu)建以環(huán)境規(guī)制執(zhí)法強度作為自變量、行業(yè)規(guī)模和行業(yè)污染密度作為控制變量、產(chǎn)業(yè)國際競爭力指數(shù)作為因變量的多元線性模型進行回歸分析，結(jié)果表明，盡管我國環(huán)境規(guī)制與產(chǎn)業(yè)國際競爭力是長期協(xié)整的，但兩者不存在格蘭杰因果關(guān)系，我國的環(huán)境規(guī)制并未對產(chǎn)業(yè)國際競爭力產(chǎn)生顯著的影響。
[Abstract]:At present, most countries in the world have strengthened the environmental regulation, but there are great differences in the intensity of regulation among countries, which has aroused people's concern about whether the differences in the intensity of environmental regulation will have a negative impact on the international competitiveness. Therefore, two completely opposite viewpoints, the pollution-sheltered place hypothesis and the Porter hypothesis, are produced, which are supported by different empirical results. In addition to the short- and long-term differences in the period of investigation, there are also differences in the selection of measurement indicators of environmental regulation. The existing measurement indexes of environmental regulation have defects in accuracy, consistency and externality, and become an urgent problem to be solved in the field of empirical research. Based on the index selection of environmental regulation intensity, this paper summarizes, compares and evaluates the environmental regulation intensity measurement indexes used in empirical research at home and abroad. By using the virtual environment cost method, the paper distinguishes and measures the traditional environmental regulation intensity and the environmental regulation enforcement intensity in the index of the environmental regulation intensity, and measures them from the dimensions of the industry as a whole and the specific industry. Factor decomposition method is used to analyze the reasons for the opposite trend of the two changes. It is found that the traditional measure index of environmental regulation intensity can not well reflect the actual track of the change of environmental regulation intensity in China, and the decreasing trend of traditional environmental regulation intensity in China from 2000 to 2010. To a large extent, it can be attributed to the upgrading of industrial structure, that is, the environmental efficiency of energy and the economic efficiency of energy; At the same time, the index of enforcement intensity of environmental regulation depicts the trend of industrial environmental regulation in China. The factor decomposition analysis of the traditional environmental regulation intensity index of pollution-intensive industries shows that there are significant differences in the direction and magnitude of environmental regulation enforcement intensity, environmental efficiency and economic efficiency of environmental regulation. Therefore, the differences between industries should be taken into account when making environmental regulation policies. Compared with the traditional government compulsory regulation tool, market regulation tool has more advantages. As to the relationship between environmental regulation and industrial international competitiveness, there are three opposing viewpoints: advantage theory, disadvantage theory and synthesis theory. Based on the comprehensive index evaluation method, this paper measures the level of industrial international competitiveness from 2001 to 2010, and discusses the long-term cointegration and Granger causality between the enforcement intensity of environmental regulation and the international competitiveness of industry by means of econometric analysis. By constructing a multivariate linear model with environmental regulation enforcement intensity as independent variable, industry scale and industry pollution density as control variables, and industry international competitiveness index as dependent variable, the results show that, Although China's environmental regulation and industrial international competitiveness are cointegrated for a long time, there is no Granger causality between them, and China's environmental regulation has no significant impact on industrial international competitiveness.
【學位授予單位】：中國社會科學院研究生院
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F424.1;F224

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 陳少克;陸躍祥;;建立產(chǎn)業(yè)國際競爭力提升指標體系的框架思路[J];商業(yè)研究;2012年03期

2 張Z

本文編號：2366230