【摘要】：南陽(yáng)蒙古族依托南陽(yáng)生產(chǎn)獨(dú)山玉的先天優(yōu)勢(shì)地理?xiàng)l件，逐漸吸納了玉石加工手藝，隨著技術(shù)的進(jìn)步，慢慢的擺脫了農(nóng)業(yè)的附屬產(chǎn)品的地位，實(shí)現(xiàn)了主業(yè)經(jīng)營(yíng)。 歷史的看，南陽(yáng)蒙古族玉石行業(yè)經(jīng)歷了如下三個(gè)階段：一是民國(guó)時(shí)期之前的早期接觸，，這一階段主要是在漢族的主導(dǎo)下，基于蒙漢民族融合的背景下，蒙古族的早期有限介入。二是建國(guó)后期到改革開(kāi)放前夕的挫折發(fā)展。這一階段是集體經(jīng)濟(jì)時(shí)代，南陽(yáng)遍興集體性質(zhì)的玉石加工廠，蒙古族由于占盡地緣優(yōu)勢(shì)，而有機(jī)會(huì)普遍學(xué)習(xí)，這是南陽(yáng)蒙古族從事玉石行業(yè)的關(guān)鍵的階段。三是從改革開(kāi)放至今的盛世華章。市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)體制的確立，搞活了經(jīng)濟(jì)，前期已經(jīng)掌握的技術(shù)，現(xiàn)今正可以“施展拳腳”，行業(yè)形態(tài)主要有前店銷(xiāo)售后坊加工；銷(xiāo)售與加工單獨(dú)成業(yè)；販賣(mài)天然玉料。 引起這種經(jīng)濟(jì)形態(tài)變遷的原因，是蒙漢民族文化的融合。蒙古族固有的游牧文明向中原漢文明的靠攏促使了南陽(yáng)蒙古族的玉石行業(yè)從無(wú)到有。玉石本身代表了權(quán)力和財(cái)富，屬于高端制品，發(fā)展到后期，又代表了時(shí)尚元素，它的大眾化之行也是始于蒙古族游牧文明向漢族玉文化的借鑒。宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)體制與地方玉石行業(yè)的政策變遷也是影響玉石行業(yè)的另一個(gè)重要因素。 通過(guò)對(duì)以上變遷過(guò)程及因素的分析，使我們得到了一些有益的啟示：一是凸顯蒙古族教育內(nèi)涵與文化自覺(jué)；二是拓寬學(xué)習(xí)技藝的途徑，培養(yǎng)本民族優(yōu)秀人才；三是現(xiàn)代化整合傳統(tǒng)優(yōu)勢(shì)資源，打造南陽(yáng)蒙古族玉石的專(zhuān)屬知名品牌；四是實(shí)現(xiàn)鄉(xiāng)村干部職能由行政治理向經(jīng)濟(jì)開(kāi)發(fā)的轉(zhuǎn)向；五是完善地方政府的宏觀規(guī)劃，構(gòu)造南陽(yáng)蒙古族玉石產(chǎn)業(yè)集群。
[Abstract]:Relying on the geographical conditions of Nanyang to produce Dushan jade Nanyang Mongolian gradually absorbed the processing technology of jade. With the progress of technology Nanyang Mongolian gradually got rid of the status of agricultural subsidiary products and realized the main business management. Historically, the Mongolian jade industry in Nanyang experienced the following three stages: first, the early contact before the Republic of China, which was dominated by the Han nationality and based on the background of the integration of the Mongolian and Han nationalities, the early intervention of the Mongols was limited. Second, the late founding of the people's Republic of China to the eve of reform and opening up setbacks. This stage is the collective economic era, Nanyang, the collective nature of jade processing factory, Mongolian because of the geographical advantage, but have the opportunity to learn, this is the Nanyang Mongolian engaged in jade industry key stage. Three is from the reform and opening up to the present prosperous Chinese chapter. The establishment of market economy system has enlivened the economy, the technology that has been mastered in the earlier period, can now "exert one's fist feet", the industry form mainly has the front shop sale after the workshop processing; the sale and the processing separately becomes the profession; sells the natural jade material. The reason for the change of this economic form is the integration of Mongolian and Han nationality culture. Mongolia's inherent nomadic civilization to the Central Plains and Han civilization promoted the Nanyang Mongolian jade industry from scratch. Jade itself represents power and wealth, belongs to high-end products, develops to the later stage, also represents the fashion element, its popularizing journey is also started from the Mongolian nomadic civilization to the Han nationality jade culture reference. Macroeconomic system and policy changes of local jade industry are another important factor affecting jade industry. Through the analysis of the above changing process and factors, we get some useful enlightenment: first, highlight the connotation of Mongolian education and cultural consciousness, second, broaden the way of learning skills, train the outstanding talents of our own nation; Third, to modernize and integrate traditional advantage resources, to create the exclusive well-known brand of Nanyang Mongolian jade; fourth, to realize the shift of rural cadres' functions from administrative management to economic development; and fifthly, to improve the macro planning of local governments. Construct Nanyang Mongolian jade industry cluster.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：貴州財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F426.8

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