【摘要】：南陽蒙古族依托南陽生產(chǎn)獨山玉的先天優(yōu)勢地理條件，逐漸吸納了玉石加工手藝，隨著技術的進步，慢慢的擺脫了農(nóng)業(yè)的附屬產(chǎn)品的地位，實現(xiàn)了主業(yè)經(jīng)營。 歷史的看，南陽蒙古族玉石行業(yè)經(jīng)歷了如下三個階段：一是民國時期之前的早期接觸，這一階段主要是在漢族的主導下，基于蒙漢民族融合的背景下，蒙古族的早期有限介入。二是建國后期到改革開放前夕的挫折發(fā)展。這一階段是集體經(jīng)濟時代，南陽遍興集體性質(zhì)的玉石加工廠，蒙古族由于占盡地緣優(yōu)勢，而有機會普遍學習，這是南陽蒙古族從事玉石行業(yè)的關鍵的階段。三是從改革開放至今的盛世華章。市場經(jīng)濟體制的確立，搞活了經(jīng)濟，前期已經(jīng)掌握的技術，現(xiàn)今正可以“施展拳腳”，行業(yè)形態(tài)主要有前店銷售后坊加工；銷售與加工單獨成業(yè)；販賣天然玉料。 引起這種經(jīng)濟形態(tài)變遷的原因，是蒙漢民族文化的融合。蒙古族固有的游牧文明向中原漢文明的靠攏促使了南陽蒙古族的玉石行業(yè)從無到有。玉石本身代表了權力和財富，屬于高端制品，發(fā)展到后期，又代表了時尚元素，它的大眾化之行也是始于蒙古族游牧文明向漢族玉文化的借鑒。宏觀經(jīng)濟體制與地方玉石行業(yè)的政策變遷也是影響玉石行業(yè)的另一個重要因素。 通過對以上變遷過程及因素的分析，使我們得到了一些有益的啟示：一是凸顯蒙古族教育內(nèi)涵與文化自覺；二是拓寬學習技藝的途徑，，培養(yǎng)本民族優(yōu)秀人才；三是現(xiàn)代化整合傳統(tǒng)優(yōu)勢資源，打造南陽蒙古族玉石的專屬知名品牌；四是實現(xiàn)鄉(xiāng)村干部職能由行政治理向經(jīng)濟開發(fā)的轉向；五是完善地方政府的宏觀規(guī)劃，構造南陽蒙古族玉石產(chǎn)業(yè)集群。
[Abstract]:Relying on the geographical conditions of Nanyang to produce Dushan jade Nanyang Mongolian gradually absorbed the processing technology of jade. With the progress of technology Nanyang Mongolian gradually got rid of the status of agricultural subsidiary products and realized the main business management. Historically, the Mongolian jade industry in Nanyang experienced the following three stages: first, the early contact before the Republic of China, which was dominated by the Han nationality and based on the background of the integration of the Mongolian and Han nationalities, the early intervention of the Mongols was limited. Second, the late founding of the people's Republic of China to the eve of reform and opening up setbacks. This stage is the collective economic era, Nanyang, the collective nature of jade processing factory, Mongolian because of the geographical advantage, but have the opportunity to learn, this is the Nanyang Mongolian engaged in jade industry key stage. Three is from the reform and opening up to the present prosperous Chinese chapter. The establishment of market economy system has enlivened the economy, the technology that has been mastered in the earlier period, can now "exert one's fist feet", the industry form mainly has the front shop sale after the workshop processing; the sale and the processing separately becomes the profession; sells the natural jade material. The reason for the change of this economic form is the integration of Mongolian and Han nationality culture. Mongolia's inherent nomadic civilization to the Central Plains and Han civilization promoted the Nanyang Mongolian jade industry from scratch. Jade itself represents power and wealth, belongs to high-end products, develops to the later stage, also represents the fashion element, its popularizing journey is also started from the Mongolian nomadic civilization to the Han nationality jade culture reference. Macroeconomic system and policy changes of local jade industry are another important factor affecting jade industry. Through the analysis of the above changing process and factors, we get some useful enlightenment: first, highlight the connotation of Mongolian education and cultural consciousness, second, broaden the way of learning skills, train the outstanding talents of our own nation; Third, to modernize and integrate traditional advantage resources, to create the exclusive well-known brand of Nanyang Mongolian jade; fourth, to realize the shift of rural cadres' functions from administrative management to economic development; and fifthly, to improve the macro planning of local governments. Construct Nanyang Mongolian jade industry cluster.
【學位授予單位】：貴州財經(jīng)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F426.8

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