我國鹽業(yè)管理體制改革的路徑選擇
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-08-20 20:16
【摘要】：我國食鹽專賣歷史悠久，對(duì)促進(jìn)國家經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展、維護(hù)社會(huì)穩(wěn)定、保障居民身體健康、提高國民素質(zhì)起到了積極的作用。但隨著我國市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展和經(jīng)濟(jì)體制、行政體制改革的不斷深入，我國現(xiàn)行鹽業(yè)管理體制所產(chǎn)生的弊端也日漸凸顯，嚴(yán)重制約了行業(yè)和產(chǎn)業(yè)整體發(fā)展，與市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展規(guī)律相背離。研究我國鹽業(yè)管理體制改革與創(chuàng)新，不僅具有十分重要的理論意義，也具有十分重要的實(shí)踐意義。 本文運(yùn)用公共管理學(xué)、經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)、法學(xué)和歷史學(xué)相關(guān)知識(shí)，從準(zhǔn)公共產(chǎn)品的基本理論出發(fā)，綜合運(yùn)用理論分析和實(shí)證分析相結(jié)合、比較分析和系統(tǒng)研究相結(jié)合的方法，通過回顧總結(jié)我國食鹽專營制度的歷史沿革，深入探討我國現(xiàn)行以食鹽專營為核心的鹽業(yè)管理體制現(xiàn)狀及主要弊端，比較分析美國、日本等發(fā)達(dá)國家鹽業(yè)管理體制改革以及我國其他行政壟斷行業(yè)改革情況，嘗試對(duì)我國現(xiàn)行鹽業(yè)管理體制的改革進(jìn)行探討，力圖構(gòu)建適應(yīng)我國國情的市場(chǎng)化運(yùn)作的鹽業(yè)管理新模式。本文分析認(rèn)為，首先，我國鹽業(yè)管理體制的市場(chǎng)化改革勢(shì)在必行。這既是我國鹽行業(yè)做大做強(qiáng)的必然要求，也是市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的必然結(jié)果，同時(shí)也符合世界鹽業(yè)改革和發(fā)展的普遍規(guī)律。其次，我國鹽業(yè)體制改革的方向是取消食鹽專營，建立起市場(chǎng)化條件下的寡頭壟斷競(jìng)爭機(jī)制。再次，根據(jù)我國國情，我國鹽業(yè)管理體制的市場(chǎng)化改革宜采取分步實(shí)施、穩(wěn)步推進(jìn)、循序漸進(jìn)的方式進(jìn)行。建議采取“5+3”鹽業(yè)管理體制改革模式（5年過渡期、3年觀察期。其中3年觀察期可視具體情況調(diào)整，最長不超過3年）。為穩(wěn)步推進(jìn)我國鹽業(yè)管理體制管理，要完善各項(xiàng)配套措施，如改革政企合一的管理體制、加強(qiáng)產(chǎn)銷聯(lián)合、加強(qiáng)鹽業(yè)行業(yè)協(xié)會(huì)建設(shè)、加強(qiáng)鹽業(yè)立法、建立健全食鹽安全保障供應(yīng)機(jī)制、在老少邊窮地區(qū)建立碘鹽供應(yīng)補(bǔ)償機(jī)制、實(shí)現(xiàn)鹽業(yè)企業(yè)向公益性企業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)型、實(shí)施區(qū)域化個(gè)性化的科學(xué)補(bǔ)碘策略等。希望能為我國鹽業(yè)管理體制改革的探討提供思路和參考。
[Abstract]:Salt monopoly has a long history in China, which plays a positive role in promoting national economic development, maintaining social stability, ensuring the health of residents and improving the quality of the people. However, with the development of market economy and economic system, and the deepening of administrative system reform, the malpractice of the current salt industry management system in our country is becoming increasingly prominent, which seriously restricts the development of industry and industry as a whole. Deviate from the law of market economy development. It is not only of great theoretical significance but also of great practical significance to study the reform and innovation of China's salt industry management system. This paper applies the relevant knowledge of public management, economics, law and history, starting from the basic theory of quasi-public goods, combining theoretical analysis with empirical analysis, comparative analysis and systematic research. By reviewing and summarizing the history and evolution of the salt monopoly system in China, this paper probes into the present situation and main disadvantages of the salt industry management system with the salt monopoly as the core in our country, and compares and analyzes the United States. Japan and other developed countries, such as salt industry management system reform and other administrative monopoly industry reform, try to China's current salt management system reform, This paper tries to construct a new management mode of salt industry which adapts to the national conditions of our country. This article thinks, first of all, our country salt industry management system market-oriented reform is imperative. This is not only the inevitable requirement of the salt industry in our country, but also the inevitable result of the development of the market economy, and it also accords with the universal law of the reform and development of the salt industry in the world. Secondly, the direction of system reform of salt industry in China is to cancel the monopoly of salt and set up the competitive mechanism of oligopoly under the condition of marketization. Thirdly, according to the situation of our country, the market-oriented reform of the management system of salt industry in our country should be carried out step by step, step by step and step by step. It is suggested to adopt the model of "53" salt management system reform (5 years transition period, 3 years observation period). The 3-year observation period may be adjusted according to specific circumstances, and the maximum is not more than 3 years). In order to steadily promote the management of salt industry in China, it is necessary to perfect various supporting measures, such as reforming the management system of integrating government and enterprises, strengthening the combination of production and marketing, strengthening the construction of salt industry associations, and strengthening the legislation of salt industry. Establishing and perfecting the supply mechanism of salt safety and security, establishing the compensation mechanism of iodized salt supply in the old and poor areas, realizing the transformation of salt enterprises to public welfare enterprises, implementing the regionalization of individualized scientific iodine supplement strategy, etc. It is hoped to provide ideas and references for the discussion of the reform of the management system of China's salt industry.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：寧波大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：F426.82
本文編號(hào)：2194866
[Abstract]:Salt monopoly has a long history in China, which plays a positive role in promoting national economic development, maintaining social stability, ensuring the health of residents and improving the quality of the people. However, with the development of market economy and economic system, and the deepening of administrative system reform, the malpractice of the current salt industry management system in our country is becoming increasingly prominent, which seriously restricts the development of industry and industry as a whole. Deviate from the law of market economy development. It is not only of great theoretical significance but also of great practical significance to study the reform and innovation of China's salt industry management system. This paper applies the relevant knowledge of public management, economics, law and history, starting from the basic theory of quasi-public goods, combining theoretical analysis with empirical analysis, comparative analysis and systematic research. By reviewing and summarizing the history and evolution of the salt monopoly system in China, this paper probes into the present situation and main disadvantages of the salt industry management system with the salt monopoly as the core in our country, and compares and analyzes the United States. Japan and other developed countries, such as salt industry management system reform and other administrative monopoly industry reform, try to China's current salt management system reform, This paper tries to construct a new management mode of salt industry which adapts to the national conditions of our country. This article thinks, first of all, our country salt industry management system market-oriented reform is imperative. This is not only the inevitable requirement of the salt industry in our country, but also the inevitable result of the development of the market economy, and it also accords with the universal law of the reform and development of the salt industry in the world. Secondly, the direction of system reform of salt industry in China is to cancel the monopoly of salt and set up the competitive mechanism of oligopoly under the condition of marketization. Thirdly, according to the situation of our country, the market-oriented reform of the management system of salt industry in our country should be carried out step by step, step by step and step by step. It is suggested to adopt the model of "53" salt management system reform (5 years transition period, 3 years observation period). The 3-year observation period may be adjusted according to specific circumstances, and the maximum is not more than 3 years). In order to steadily promote the management of salt industry in China, it is necessary to perfect various supporting measures, such as reforming the management system of integrating government and enterprises, strengthening the combination of production and marketing, strengthening the construction of salt industry associations, and strengthening the legislation of salt industry. Establishing and perfecting the supply mechanism of salt safety and security, establishing the compensation mechanism of iodized salt supply in the old and poor areas, realizing the transformation of salt enterprises to public welfare enterprises, implementing the regionalization of individualized scientific iodine supplement strategy, etc. It is hoped to provide ideas and references for the discussion of the reform of the management system of China's salt industry.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：寧波大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：F426.82
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