【摘要】：石油作為一種重要的生活普及性資源和生產(chǎn)戰(zhàn)略性能源，對(duì)國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和國(guó)家戰(zhàn)略安全都具有極其重要的價(jià)值和意義。我國(guó)的成品油定價(jià)機(jī)制從1998年走出國(guó)家完全計(jì)劃控制定價(jià)模式以來(lái)，經(jīng)歷了計(jì)劃與市場(chǎng)定價(jià)雙軌制，并軌制和與國(guó)際市場(chǎng)接軌三大階段，這個(gè)過(guò)程也正是國(guó)內(nèi)油價(jià)機(jī)制逐步市場(chǎng)化的過(guò)程。在新的國(guó)際國(guó)內(nèi)形勢(shì)下，在市場(chǎng)化浪潮的席卷下，我國(guó)石油管理體制和價(jià)格形成機(jī)制的相對(duì)滯后性，給石油產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展和整個(gè)國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整造成了某些消極影響，石油行業(yè)的發(fā)展和價(jià)格形成機(jī)制的背后，，也暴露出了一些深層次的矛盾和問(wèn)題。2008年以來(lái)，國(guó)際石油市場(chǎng)受金融危機(jī)的影響，油價(jià)迅速回落，也對(duì)我國(guó)成品油改革帶來(lái)了不可多得的機(jī)遇。為深化國(guó)內(nèi)成品油價(jià)格機(jī)制改革市場(chǎng)化進(jìn)程邁出了重要一步。 我國(guó)成品油改革的終極目標(biāo)是市場(chǎng)化，在公正、公平和公開(kāi)的基礎(chǔ)上打破石油行業(yè)的壟斷，吸納全社會(huì)的資本進(jìn)入，在市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中形成合理的均衡價(jià)格。價(jià)格機(jī)制是市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)的中心環(huán)節(jié)，在調(diào)節(jié)資源中起著重要的作用。那么2008年以來(lái)新油價(jià)機(jī)制的運(yùn)行狀況究竟如何？為深入分析新機(jī)制的實(shí)踐效果，文章在通過(guò)檢視石油市場(chǎng)的常規(guī)化表現(xiàn)主要側(cè)面的基礎(chǔ)上，嘗試構(gòu)建了成品油定價(jià)機(jī)制的市場(chǎng)化表征分析框架，通過(guò)對(duì)新石油定價(jià)機(jī)制的透明度分析，規(guī)則設(shè)置合理性分析和石油價(jià)格波動(dòng)與國(guó)外的契合性分析三個(gè)方面的經(jīng)驗(yàn)性分析，初步展示了新石油價(jià)格機(jī)制下市場(chǎng)化的特征體現(xiàn)和發(fā)展程度。在對(duì)問(wèn)題及原因深入分析的基礎(chǔ)上，提出了我國(guó)成品油市場(chǎng)化改革的基本方向，即政府的有限規(guī)制是油價(jià)市場(chǎng)化改革的先期基礎(chǔ)，漸進(jìn)式整體發(fā)展是油價(jià)改革的基本思路，系統(tǒng)化全面改革是油價(jià)機(jī)制改革的保障的基本的制度框架和發(fā)展思路。
[Abstract]:As an important living resources and strategic energy, petroleum is of great value and significance to the development of national economy and national strategic security. Since 1998, the pricing mechanism of refined oil products in China has gone through three stages: the two-track system of planning and market pricing, the system of juxtaposition and the integration with the international market. This process is also the process of gradual marketization of domestic oil price mechanism. Under the new international and domestic situation, under the wave of marketization, the relative lag of petroleum management system and price formation mechanism in China has caused some negative effects on the development of petroleum industry and the adjustment of national economic structure. The development of the oil industry and the price formation mechanism have also exposed some deep-seated contradictions and problems. Since 2008, the international oil market has been affected by the financial crisis, and the oil price has dropped rapidly. Also to our country refined oil product reform has brought the rare opportunity. For deepening domestic refined oil price mechanism reform marketization process has taken an important step. The ultimate goal of China's oil product reform is to market, break the monopoly of the petroleum industry on the basis of fairness, fairness and openness, absorb the capital of the whole society, and form a reasonable equilibrium price in the market competition. Price mechanism is the central link of market economy and plays an important role in regulating resources. So how has the new oil price regime worked since 2008? In order to deeply analyze the practical effect of the new mechanism, this paper attempts to construct a market-oriented characterization analysis framework for the pricing mechanism of refined oil on the basis of examining the main aspects of the regular performance of the oil market. Through the transparency analysis of the new oil pricing mechanism, the rationality analysis of the rule setting and the coincidence analysis between the oil price fluctuation and the foreign countries, the empirical analysis is carried out. It shows the characteristics and development degree of marketization under the new oil price mechanism. Based on the deep analysis of the problems and causes, the paper puts forward the basic direction of the marketization reform of refined oil products in China, that is, the government's limited regulation is the advance basis of the oil price marketization reform, and the gradual overall development is the basic idea of the oil price reform. Systematic and comprehensive reform is the basic institutional framework and development idea of oil price mechanism reform.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：F426.22

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