中國汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)引進FDI效應(yīng)分析
發(fā)布時間：2018-07-20 18:35
【摘要】：20世紀80年代以來,跨國公司對中國汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)進行了大規(guī)模、系統(tǒng)化的直接投資,跨國公司直接投資對中國汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)的影響也日益顯著�？鐕緩墓煞�、管理和技術(shù)等方面參與到我國汽車生產(chǎn)、銷售的各個環(huán)節(jié)中。與此同時,汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)作為一個資本密集型和技術(shù)密集型共存的行業(yè),對它的研究對于我國引進FDI具有代表性。我國政府亦將汽車工業(yè)定為國家支柱產(chǎn)業(yè),把鼓勵汽車及零部件出口定為汽車工業(yè)的重點發(fā)展方向。我國汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)已經(jīng)成長為國民經(jīng)濟重要的支柱產(chǎn)業(yè),產(chǎn)業(yè)體量大,產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈長,在保持國民經(jīng)濟平穩(wěn)較快的增長中,已成為不可或缺的組成部分�！笆濉笔俏覈鴱钠嚧髧D(zhuǎn)為汽車強國的重要關(guān)鍵期,汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)要實現(xiàn)以汽車強國建設(shè)為核心,以結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整和資源優(yōu)化配置為主線,以節(jié)能與新能源汽車發(fā)展為突破口,以對外開放和自主創(chuàng)新為手段的戰(zhàn)略目標。因此在“十二五”期間,積極營造促進汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展的政策環(huán)境、創(chuàng)新環(huán)境、市場環(huán)境,全面提升中國汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)的國際競爭力,顯得尤為重要。在此背景下,分析FDI對我國汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)的影響對促進汽車制造業(yè)的發(fā)展,實現(xiàn)汽車工業(yè)的戰(zhàn)略目標,也具有很大的必要性。 我國汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展以83年為分界線,83年以前我國汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)以國有化為主。在此期間,我國雖然建立了門類比較齊全的汽車工業(yè)體系但整體實力偏弱,產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)也極為不合理,轎車和重型汽車的發(fā)展十分緩慢,更不用說在產(chǎn)品設(shè)計、生產(chǎn)技術(shù)方面的發(fā)展。汽車產(chǎn)品的開發(fā)和銷售等各個環(huán)節(jié)帶有十分濃厚的計劃經(jīng)濟色彩。隨著改革開放,我國計劃經(jīng)濟體制模式被打破,開始實行以市場換技術(shù),以市場換資本的戰(zhàn)略。1984年我國第一家汽車合資企業(yè)北京吉普汽車有限公司的建立標志著我國汽車行業(yè)引進FDI正式開始。隨著改革開放進一步深化和發(fā)展,我國汽車行業(yè)也不斷擴大了與外資合作的范圍和深度,逐漸接觸和吸收到了西方國家先進的生產(chǎn)技術(shù),FDI對我國汽車行業(yè)的投資步伐明顯加快。加入世界貿(mào)易組織后,我國的汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)面臨了前所未有的挑戰(zhàn)和沖擊,經(jīng)過十多年的經(jīng)營和發(fā)展,我國的汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)生產(chǎn)格局和產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)都得到了優(yōu)化,整個汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈得到了很大程度的提升,自主研發(fā)能力不斷提高,自主品牌的市場占有率也不斷擴大,整個行業(yè)得到了長足的進步。 根據(jù)壟斷優(yōu)勢理論、產(chǎn)品生命周期理論和邊際產(chǎn)業(yè)擴展理論,發(fā)達國家的跨國公司為了獲得更多的壟斷利益必然采取向國外市場投資。而這種為了獲得自身利益的投資也對我國汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展起到了促進作用。在外商進入后我國汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)市場結(jié)構(gòu)、產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)更為合理,技術(shù)水平和國際競爭力得到很大程度的提高,同時汽車行業(yè)人力資本也得到有效的積累。文章依據(jù)外資進入我國的發(fā)展歷程,從不同方面分析了FDI對我國汽車行業(yè)的推動作用,肯定了FDI在我國汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)的結(jié)構(gòu)升級和競爭力增強方面的積極作用。然而,在引進FDI過程中也存在許多的問題,FDI的引進沒有達到起初“以市場換技術(shù)”的理想效果。尤其在面對外在條件改變和外資企圖進一步深入我國汽車行業(yè)時,我國的汽車企業(yè)顯得有些無法應(yīng)對,對下步的結(jié)果充滿疑慮,我國汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)處于大而不強的劣勢中�！笆濉币�(guī)劃對我國汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展提出了很高的期許。汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)需要切實轉(zhuǎn)變發(fā)展方式、實現(xiàn)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整來適應(yīng)環(huán)境的變化和更長遠的發(fā)展。文章針對我國汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)引進FDI過程中面臨的問題,提出了相應(yīng)的政策建議。文章主要分為以下七章。 第一章：導(dǎo)論,主要提出本文的研究背景、研究意義、研究的思路和內(nèi)容、研究方法以及研究中的創(chuàng)新和可能的不足。 第二章：文獻綜述,主要是針對文章涉及的壟斷優(yōu)勢理論、產(chǎn)品生命周期理論、邊際產(chǎn)業(yè)擴展理論和內(nèi)部化理論等相關(guān)理論進行梳理,然后通過分析國內(nèi)外學(xué)者對于文章研究課題的成果,總結(jié)出文章的研究思路。 第三章：中國汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展歷程基本分析,第一部分分析我國引進FDI前汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展?fàn)顩r,通過數(shù)據(jù)分析得出我國汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)引進FDI前存在市場集中度過低、規(guī)模效應(yīng)無法實現(xiàn)和產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)單一以貨車和客車為主的狀況；第二部分通過對中國引進FDI歷程的描述,分三個階段分析我國利用FDI的過程,從1983年開始我國在引進FDI的規(guī)模和質(zhì)量方面都有所提升,分別于1994年和2001年后達到新的高度；第三部分引進FDI后我國汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展?fàn)顩r分析,通過與引進FDI前的數(shù)據(jù)對比,發(fā)現(xiàn)引進FDI后我國汽車行業(yè)的市場集中度有所提高、規(guī)模效應(yīng)也初步顯現(xiàn)、產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)得到改善,大多知名的汽車生產(chǎn)廠商都投入到我國的汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)中,尋找自己的市場領(lǐng)域。 第四章：中國汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)引進FDI的效應(yīng)分析,從市場結(jié)構(gòu)、產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)、技術(shù)溢出效應(yīng)、人力資本效應(yīng)和國際競爭力五個方面進行分析。從市場結(jié)構(gòu)分析,FDI促進我國汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)市場集中度提高和規(guī)模效應(yīng)的實現(xiàn),同時提升了我國汽車行業(yè)的進入壁壘；從產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)分析,FDI優(yōu)化我國汽車行業(yè)的產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu),提高產(chǎn)品差異化,并且促進汽車相關(guān)上下游產(chǎn)業(yè)產(chǎn)品的發(fā)展：從技術(shù)溢出效應(yīng)分析,FDI促進我國汽車產(chǎn)品國有化率的提高,同時帶動了我國汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)研發(fā)和技術(shù)水平的提升；在人力資本效應(yīng)方面,FDI為我國培養(yǎng)了大批科研技術(shù)人才,有利于我國汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)的長期發(fā)展；從國際競爭力出發(fā),FDI進入后我國汽車產(chǎn)品在國際市場上的份額逐步提高,貿(mào)易能力也得到進一步提升。 第五章：我國汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)引進FDI過程中的隱患及不足,第一部分分析了我國汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)的股比政策受到外資企業(yè)的挑戰(zhàn),股比有放開的威脅性；第二部分分析跨國公司在我國汽車市場壟斷現(xiàn)象嚴重,對我國本土汽車企業(yè)形成了擠出效應(yīng),長期來看不利于我國汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展；第三部分分析跨國公司對核心技術(shù)進行嚴密保護,導(dǎo)致在引進FDI過程中我國汽車企業(yè)所獲得的均是一些二、三流的技術(shù)無法實質(zhì)性提高我國汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)的競爭力；第四部分從我國本土汽車企業(yè)的吸收能力出發(fā),分析得出目前我國汽車企業(yè)對外國公司依賴性過高,并且針對技術(shù)創(chuàng)新的投入過低,主觀和客觀上都無法很好的對外國先進技術(shù)進行吸收消化和創(chuàng)新；第五部分分析了我國汽車企業(yè)的定位問題,汽車企業(yè)在進行產(chǎn)品上探的同時,對自己具有優(yōu)勢的領(lǐng)域卻有些失守。 第六章：有效利用FDI的政策建議,從政府、市場和企業(yè)三個層面出發(fā)提出可行有效的政策建議。1、從加強政府調(diào)控、鼓勵多元化引進外資和打造民族品牌三個方面出發(fā)有效利用FDI改善市場結(jié)構(gòu)；2、通過兼并重組促進規(guī)模經(jīng)濟形成；3、從完善創(chuàng)新體系建設(shè)和政策支持、加強企業(yè)自主研發(fā)、提高企業(yè)學(xué)習(xí)能力三個方面出發(fā)加強企業(yè)技術(shù)優(yōu)勢；4、從吸收人才、留住人才、培養(yǎng)人才和人才交流機制等方面提高人力資源開發(fā)能力；5、我國汽車企業(yè)在進行產(chǎn)品定位時,要在保證住自己中低檔產(chǎn)品優(yōu)勢領(lǐng)域的同時,再去兼顧高端領(lǐng)域的開發(fā),同時要重視國外市場上汽車后市場的維護和建立。 第七章：研究結(jié)論,綜合文章主要結(jié)論性觀點。 以往大多數(shù)文章關(guān)于FDI對汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)的影響研究側(cè)重于其中的某一方面,或是僅僅對效應(yīng)進行分析,沒有結(jié)合我國的政策和環(huán)境因素的變化以及我國汽車企業(yè)自身市場定位方面進行有效闡述。本文在對FDI進行效應(yīng)分析分基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合我國汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)目前的發(fā)展?fàn)顩r和產(chǎn)業(yè)政策的要求,對我國汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)在引進FDI過程中面臨的問題進行探討；并在分析問題的基礎(chǔ)上,從政府、市場和企業(yè)三個不同層面,為我國汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)引進FDI和汽車產(chǎn)業(yè)長遠的發(fā)展提供有效的政策建議。
[Abstract]:Since 1980s, MNCs have carried out large-scale, systematic and direct investment to the Chinese automobile industry, and the impact of TNCs on China's auto industry is becoming more and more significant. Transnational corporations have participated in the various links of automobile production and sales in China from the aspects of shares, management and technology. For an industry with capital intensive and technology intensive coexistence, the research on it is representative of the introduction of FDI in China. Our government also defines the automobile industry as the national pillar industry, and encourages the export of automobile and spare parts as the key development direction of the automobile industry. China's auto industry has grown into an important pillar of the national economy. Industry, large amount of industry, long industry chain, has become an indispensable part in maintaining a steady and fast growth of the national economy. "12th Five-Year" is an important key period for China to turn from a big car country to a powerful automobile power. The automobile industry should take the construction of a powerful automobile power as the core, with the structure adjustment and the optimal allocation of resources as the main line. In the "12th Five-Year", it is particularly important to create a policy environment for promoting the development of the automobile industry, the environment of innovation, the market environment, and the overall promotion of the international competitiveness of China's auto industry. In this context, the analysis of FDI The impact on China's automobile industry is also necessary for promoting the development of the automobile industry and realizing the strategic goal of the automobile industry.
The development of China's auto industry is divided into 83 years. 83 years ago, China's auto industry was mainly nationalized. During this period, China has established a relatively complete auto industry system, but the overall strength is weak, the product structure is extremely unreasonable, the development of cars and heavy cars is very slow, let alone product design and production. The development of technology. The development and sales of automobile products and other links with a very strong planning and economic color. With the reform and opening up, China's planned economic system model has been broken, starting to implement the market exchange technology, the market for capital in the strategic.1984 year of China's first automobile joint venture Beijing JEP Motor Co. The establishment of the automobile industry in China is a symbol of the formal beginning of the introduction of FDI. With the further deepening and development of the reform and opening up, China's auto industry has also expanded the scope and depth of cooperation with foreign capital, gradually contacted and absorbed the advanced production technology in western countries, and the investment pace of FDI in China's auto industry was obviously accelerated. After organizing, the automobile industry of our country is faced with unprecedented challenges and shocks. After more than 10 years of operation and development, the production pattern and industrial structure of our automobile industry have been optimized, the whole automobile industry chain has been greatly improved, the ability of independent research and development is not broken, and the market share of independent brand is expanding. Big, the whole industry has made great progress.
According to the theory of monopoly advantage, the theory of product life cycle and the theory of marginal industry expansion, the multinational corporations in developed countries are bound to invest in foreign markets in order to gain more monopoly interests. And this kind of investment in order to gain their own interests also plays a promotion role in the development of our automobile industry. The industrial structure, the industrial structure is more reasonable, the technical level and the international competitiveness have been greatly improved, and the human capital of the automobile industry has also been effectively accumulated. This article, based on the development process of foreign capital entering China, analyzes the role of FDI in the automobile industry in China from different aspects and affirms that FDI is in China's automobile production. However, there are many problems in the introduction of the FDI process. The introduction of FDI has not reached the ideal effect of "market exchange" at first. Especially when the conditions are changed and the foreign capital is trying to further deepen the automobile industry in our country, the automobile enterprises of our country appear to be some Unable to cope with, the result of the next step is full of doubt, China's auto industry is in a big and not strong disadvantage. "12th Five-Year" plan put forward a high expectation for the development of China's auto industry. The auto industry needs to change the way of development, realize structural adjustment to adapt to the change of the environment and more long-term development. In the process of introducing FDI, the paper puts forward corresponding policy recommendations. The article is divided into seven chapters.
Chapter 1: introduction, mainly presenting the research background, research significance, research ideas and contents, research methods, innovation and possible deficiencies in the research.
The second chapter: literature review, mainly in view of the theory of monopoly advantage, the theory of product life cycle, the theory of marginal industry expansion and the theory of internalization, and then analyze the research ideas of the article through the analysis of the achievements of scholars at home and abroad on the subject of the article.
The third chapter: the basic analysis of the development process of China's auto industry. The first part analyses the development status of the automobile industry before the introduction of FDI in China. Through the data analysis, it is concluded that the market concentration is low, the scale effect can not be realized before the introduction of FDI in China's auto industry and the state of the single product structure is dominated by freight cars and buses; the second part is the main part of the automobile industry. Through the description of the introduction of China's FDI process, the process of China's use of FDI is analyzed in three stages. From 1983, the scale and quality of the introduction of FDI have been improved, respectively, in 1994 and 2001, respectively. After the introduction of the third part, the development of China's automobile industry is analyzed, through the introduction of FDI before the introduction of FDI. According to the data comparison, it is found that after the introduction of FDI, the market concentration of China's auto industry has been improved, the scale effect is also preliminarily revealed, the product structure has been improved, and most of the well-known automobile manufacturers have been put into the automobile industry in our country to find their own market areas.
The fourth chapter: analysis of the effect of the introduction of FDI in China's auto industry, from five aspects of market structure, product structure, technology spillover effect, human capital effect and international competitiveness. From the analysis of market structure, FDI promotes the improvement of the market concentration and the realization of scale effect in China's auto industry, and promotes the progress of China's auto industry. From the product structure analysis, FDI optimizes the product structure of our automobile industry, improves the product differentiation, and promotes the development of automobile related upstream and downstream products. From the analysis of the technology spillover effect, FDI promotes the increase of the nationalization rate of the automobile products in China, and promotes the improvement of the R & D and technical level of the automobile industry in our country. In terms of the effect of human capital, FDI has trained a large number of scientific and technological talents for our country, which is conducive to the long-term development of China's auto industry. From the international competitiveness, after the entry of FDI, the share of China's auto products in the international market has been gradually increased and the trade ability has been further promoted.
The fifth chapter: the hidden dangers and shortcomings in the process of the introduction of FDI in China's auto industry. The first part analyses that the share ratio policy of the automobile industry in China is challenged by foreign enterprises, and the shares are more threatening than the other. The second part analyses the serious monopoly phenomenon of the transnational corporations in the automobile market in our country, and the extrusion effect has been formed for the local auto enterprises in our country. In the long run, it is not conducive to the development of China's auto industry. The third part analyses the strict protection of the core technology by multinational companies, which leads to the two of the automobile enterprises in the process of introducing FDI, and the three flow technology can not substantially improve the competitiveness of our automobile industry; the fourth part is from the local auto enterprises in our country. On the basis of the ability to collect, it is concluded that China's automobile enterprises are too high on foreign companies, and the investment in technology innovation is too low. Both subjective and objective can not absorb and innovate the foreign advanced technology well. The fifth part analyses the positioning problem of the automobile enterprises in our country. At the same time, they have lost some of their advantages.
The sixth chapter: the effective use of FDI policy recommendations, from the government, market and enterprise three levels to put forward feasible and effective policy recommendations.1, from the strengthening of government regulation, encouraging diversification of the introduction of foreign investment and building national brand three aspects of the effective use of FDI to improve the market structure; 2, through merger and reorganization to promote the formation of economies of scale; 3, Improve the construction of innovation system and policy support, strengthen the independent research and development of enterprises, improve the learning ability of enterprises in three aspects, strengthen the technological advantages of enterprises; 4, improve the ability of human resources development from the absorption of talents, retention of talents, training of talents and personnel exchange mechanism, and 5, China's auto enterprises should guarantee the product positioning. While living in the field of low-grade products, we should also take into account the development of high-end areas, while paying attention to the maintenance and establishment of the post market in foreign markets.
The seventh chapter: the conclusion of the study and the main conclusions of the article.
Most of the previous articles about the impact of FDI on the automobile industry are focused on one of the aspects, or only analysis of the effects, not combining the changes of our country's policies and environmental factors and the market positioning of our automobile enterprises. This paper is based on the analysis of the effect of FDI. The current development situation of the national automobile industry and the requirements of industrial policy are discussed in the process of the introduction of FDI in the process of introducing the automobile industry in China. On the basis of the analysis of the problems, from the three different levels of the government, the market and the enterprises, the effective policy suggestions for the introduction of FDI and the long-term development of the automobile industry are provided for the automobile industry in China.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南財經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F426.471;F832.6
本文編號：2134397
[Abstract]:Since 1980s, MNCs have carried out large-scale, systematic and direct investment to the Chinese automobile industry, and the impact of TNCs on China's auto industry is becoming more and more significant. Transnational corporations have participated in the various links of automobile production and sales in China from the aspects of shares, management and technology. For an industry with capital intensive and technology intensive coexistence, the research on it is representative of the introduction of FDI in China. Our government also defines the automobile industry as the national pillar industry, and encourages the export of automobile and spare parts as the key development direction of the automobile industry. China's auto industry has grown into an important pillar of the national economy. Industry, large amount of industry, long industry chain, has become an indispensable part in maintaining a steady and fast growth of the national economy. "12th Five-Year" is an important key period for China to turn from a big car country to a powerful automobile power. The automobile industry should take the construction of a powerful automobile power as the core, with the structure adjustment and the optimal allocation of resources as the main line. In the "12th Five-Year", it is particularly important to create a policy environment for promoting the development of the automobile industry, the environment of innovation, the market environment, and the overall promotion of the international competitiveness of China's auto industry. In this context, the analysis of FDI The impact on China's automobile industry is also necessary for promoting the development of the automobile industry and realizing the strategic goal of the automobile industry.
The development of China's auto industry is divided into 83 years. 83 years ago, China's auto industry was mainly nationalized. During this period, China has established a relatively complete auto industry system, but the overall strength is weak, the product structure is extremely unreasonable, the development of cars and heavy cars is very slow, let alone product design and production. The development of technology. The development and sales of automobile products and other links with a very strong planning and economic color. With the reform and opening up, China's planned economic system model has been broken, starting to implement the market exchange technology, the market for capital in the strategic.1984 year of China's first automobile joint venture Beijing JEP Motor Co. The establishment of the automobile industry in China is a symbol of the formal beginning of the introduction of FDI. With the further deepening and development of the reform and opening up, China's auto industry has also expanded the scope and depth of cooperation with foreign capital, gradually contacted and absorbed the advanced production technology in western countries, and the investment pace of FDI in China's auto industry was obviously accelerated. After organizing, the automobile industry of our country is faced with unprecedented challenges and shocks. After more than 10 years of operation and development, the production pattern and industrial structure of our automobile industry have been optimized, the whole automobile industry chain has been greatly improved, the ability of independent research and development is not broken, and the market share of independent brand is expanding. Big, the whole industry has made great progress.
According to the theory of monopoly advantage, the theory of product life cycle and the theory of marginal industry expansion, the multinational corporations in developed countries are bound to invest in foreign markets in order to gain more monopoly interests. And this kind of investment in order to gain their own interests also plays a promotion role in the development of our automobile industry. The industrial structure, the industrial structure is more reasonable, the technical level and the international competitiveness have been greatly improved, and the human capital of the automobile industry has also been effectively accumulated. This article, based on the development process of foreign capital entering China, analyzes the role of FDI in the automobile industry in China from different aspects and affirms that FDI is in China's automobile production. However, there are many problems in the introduction of the FDI process. The introduction of FDI has not reached the ideal effect of "market exchange" at first. Especially when the conditions are changed and the foreign capital is trying to further deepen the automobile industry in our country, the automobile enterprises of our country appear to be some Unable to cope with, the result of the next step is full of doubt, China's auto industry is in a big and not strong disadvantage. "12th Five-Year" plan put forward a high expectation for the development of China's auto industry. The auto industry needs to change the way of development, realize structural adjustment to adapt to the change of the environment and more long-term development. In the process of introducing FDI, the paper puts forward corresponding policy recommendations. The article is divided into seven chapters.
Chapter 1: introduction, mainly presenting the research background, research significance, research ideas and contents, research methods, innovation and possible deficiencies in the research.
The second chapter: literature review, mainly in view of the theory of monopoly advantage, the theory of product life cycle, the theory of marginal industry expansion and the theory of internalization, and then analyze the research ideas of the article through the analysis of the achievements of scholars at home and abroad on the subject of the article.
The third chapter: the basic analysis of the development process of China's auto industry. The first part analyses the development status of the automobile industry before the introduction of FDI in China. Through the data analysis, it is concluded that the market concentration is low, the scale effect can not be realized before the introduction of FDI in China's auto industry and the state of the single product structure is dominated by freight cars and buses; the second part is the main part of the automobile industry. Through the description of the introduction of China's FDI process, the process of China's use of FDI is analyzed in three stages. From 1983, the scale and quality of the introduction of FDI have been improved, respectively, in 1994 and 2001, respectively. After the introduction of the third part, the development of China's automobile industry is analyzed, through the introduction of FDI before the introduction of FDI. According to the data comparison, it is found that after the introduction of FDI, the market concentration of China's auto industry has been improved, the scale effect is also preliminarily revealed, the product structure has been improved, and most of the well-known automobile manufacturers have been put into the automobile industry in our country to find their own market areas.
The fourth chapter: analysis of the effect of the introduction of FDI in China's auto industry, from five aspects of market structure, product structure, technology spillover effect, human capital effect and international competitiveness. From the analysis of market structure, FDI promotes the improvement of the market concentration and the realization of scale effect in China's auto industry, and promotes the progress of China's auto industry. From the product structure analysis, FDI optimizes the product structure of our automobile industry, improves the product differentiation, and promotes the development of automobile related upstream and downstream products. From the analysis of the technology spillover effect, FDI promotes the increase of the nationalization rate of the automobile products in China, and promotes the improvement of the R & D and technical level of the automobile industry in our country. In terms of the effect of human capital, FDI has trained a large number of scientific and technological talents for our country, which is conducive to the long-term development of China's auto industry. From the international competitiveness, after the entry of FDI, the share of China's auto products in the international market has been gradually increased and the trade ability has been further promoted.
The fifth chapter: the hidden dangers and shortcomings in the process of the introduction of FDI in China's auto industry. The first part analyses that the share ratio policy of the automobile industry in China is challenged by foreign enterprises, and the shares are more threatening than the other. The second part analyses the serious monopoly phenomenon of the transnational corporations in the automobile market in our country, and the extrusion effect has been formed for the local auto enterprises in our country. In the long run, it is not conducive to the development of China's auto industry. The third part analyses the strict protection of the core technology by multinational companies, which leads to the two of the automobile enterprises in the process of introducing FDI, and the three flow technology can not substantially improve the competitiveness of our automobile industry; the fourth part is from the local auto enterprises in our country. On the basis of the ability to collect, it is concluded that China's automobile enterprises are too high on foreign companies, and the investment in technology innovation is too low. Both subjective and objective can not absorb and innovate the foreign advanced technology well. The fifth part analyses the positioning problem of the automobile enterprises in our country. At the same time, they have lost some of their advantages.
The sixth chapter: the effective use of FDI policy recommendations, from the government, market and enterprise three levels to put forward feasible and effective policy recommendations.1, from the strengthening of government regulation, encouraging diversification of the introduction of foreign investment and building national brand three aspects of the effective use of FDI to improve the market structure; 2, through merger and reorganization to promote the formation of economies of scale; 3, Improve the construction of innovation system and policy support, strengthen the independent research and development of enterprises, improve the learning ability of enterprises in three aspects, strengthen the technological advantages of enterprises; 4, improve the ability of human resources development from the absorption of talents, retention of talents, training of talents and personnel exchange mechanism, and 5, China's auto enterprises should guarantee the product positioning. While living in the field of low-grade products, we should also take into account the development of high-end areas, while paying attention to the maintenance and establishment of the post market in foreign markets.
The seventh chapter: the conclusion of the study and the main conclusions of the article.
Most of the previous articles about the impact of FDI on the automobile industry are focused on one of the aspects, or only analysis of the effects, not combining the changes of our country's policies and environmental factors and the market positioning of our automobile enterprises. This paper is based on the analysis of the effect of FDI. The current development situation of the national automobile industry and the requirements of industrial policy are discussed in the process of the introduction of FDI in the process of introducing the automobile industry in China. On the basis of the analysis of the problems, from the three different levels of the government, the market and the enterprises, the effective policy suggestions for the introduction of FDI and the long-term development of the automobile industry are provided for the automobile industry in China.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南財經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F426.471;F832.6
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