本文選題：卷煙物流 + 動態(tài)車輛路徑問題��； 參考：《北京交通大學》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來,我國煙草行業(yè),尤其是煙草分銷領域的發(fā)展正面臨著國內(nèi)外雙重壓力的嚴峻形勢,對外要抵御國際煙草巨頭的擴張和滲透,對內(nèi)要與高速發(fā)展的國內(nèi)物流公司進行激烈的市場競爭。面對新形勢,國家煙草行業(yè)做出了加快發(fā)展現(xiàn)代卷煙物流管理配送系統(tǒng)的重要指示,并將其作為提升煙草流通企業(yè)市場競爭力的重要途徑和手段。本論文,結合參加“煙草商業(yè)企業(yè)精益物流應用研究”課題的實際研究工作,從煙草企業(yè)卷煙物流配送的實際需求出發(fā),對帶時間窗的卷煙物流配送動態(tài)車輛路徑優(yōu)化方法進行了選題研究。 車輛路徑安排是卷煙物流配送的一個重要環(huán)節(jié),隨著卷煙客戶對服務交付時間的要求越來越高,實施動態(tài)車輛配送路徑優(yōu)化就顯得尤為重要。帶時間窗的卷煙物流配送動態(tài)車輛路徑優(yōu)化問題,是建立以客戶需求服務為核心的卷煙物流配送動態(tài)調度系統(tǒng)的關鍵問題,也是發(fā)展建設現(xiàn)代卷煙物流系統(tǒng)面對的重要課題之一。該問題研究,對實現(xiàn)卷煙物流資源動態(tài)整合與合理配置、降低卷煙物流成本、提高煙草商業(yè)企業(yè)物流效率和客戶服務質量等都具有重要的實際意義。 本論文,在對國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀分析的基礎上,結合對卷煙物流精益化配送策略的系統(tǒng)分析,建立了帶時間窗的動態(tài)車輛路徑優(yōu)化模型,提出了采用兩階段法求解策略和改進型遺傳算法,并通過實例驗證了模型和算法的有效性。 本文的主要研究內(nèi)容及成果包括： 1.通過對VRP問題描述,分析了動態(tài)車輛路徑問題(DVRP)的定義、分類,并提出DVRP問題為客戶需求時間不確定性引起的問題；通過對現(xiàn)代精益物流內(nèi)涵和卷煙物流配送系統(tǒng)分析,總結歸納出了卷煙物流精益化的配送策略。 2.針對帶時間窗的動態(tài)VRP問題(DVRPTW),設定了關于軟時間窗的懲罰函數(shù),并建立了以懲罰成本和配送消耗成本最小為目標函數(shù)的卷煙物流精益化配送路徑優(yōu)化模型。 3.通過分析煙草配送中心的DVRPTW工作原理,提出了“靜態(tài)初始優(yōu)化階段+動態(tài)局部優(yōu)化階段”的配送路徑模型兩階段求解策略。 4.針對一般遺傳算法容易出現(xiàn)早熟收斂等缺點,提出了求解卷煙物流帶時間窗的動態(tài)VRP問題(DVRPTW)的改進遺傳算法,包括采用動態(tài)線性標定方式表示適應度函數(shù)、采用最佳個體保存與賭輪選擇相結合的選擇策略、采用適用于已有路徑改造的模擬退火法等。 5.以湖南省益陽市煙草公司某區(qū)20個客戶為例進行了實例分析,驗證了所建模型的正確性和求解方法的有效性,為實際動態(tài)車輛路徑選擇提供了決策依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the development of tobacco industry in China, especially in the field of tobacco distribution, is facing a severe situation of double pressure at home and abroad, so it is necessary to resist the expansion and infiltration of international tobacco giants. Domestic and high-speed development of domestic logistics companies to carry out fierce market competition. Faced with the new situation, the national tobacco industry has made important instructions to speed up the development of modern cigarette logistics management and distribution system, and regard it as an important way and means to enhance the market competitiveness of tobacco circulation enterprises. This paper, combined with the actual research work of "Application Research of Lean Logistics in Tobacco Commercial Enterprises", starts from the actual demand of cigarette logistics distribution in tobacco enterprises. The method of vehicle routing optimization for cigarette logistics distribution with time window is studied. Vehicle routing is an important part of cigarette logistics distribution. With the increasing demand of service delivery time for cigarette customers, it is particularly important to implement dynamic vehicle distribution path optimization. The dynamic vehicle routing optimization of cigarette logistics distribution with time window is a key problem in the establishment of a dynamic scheduling system of cigarette logistics distribution with customer demand service as the core. It is also one of the important subjects in the development and construction of modern cigarette logistics system. The study of this problem is of great practical significance to realize the dynamic integration and rational allocation of cigarette logistics resources, reduce the cost of cigarette logistics, and improve the efficiency of logistics and customer service quality of tobacco commercial enterprises. Based on the analysis of domestic and foreign research situation and the systematic analysis of lean distribution strategy of cigarette logistics, a dynamic vehicle path optimization model with time window is established in this paper. The two-stage method and the improved genetic algorithm are proposed, and the validity of the model and algorithm is verified by an example. The main contents and achievements of this paper are as follows: 1. By describing the VRP problem, this paper analyzes the definition and classification of the dynamic vehicle routing problem (DVRP), and puts forward that the DVRP problem is caused by the uncertainty of customer demand time, and analyzes the connotation of modern lean logistics and the distribution system of cigarette logistics. Summed up the lean distribution strategy of cigarette logistics. 2. Aiming at the dynamic VRP problem with time window (DVRPTW), the penalty function of soft time window is set up, and the optimization model of lean distribution path of cigarette logistics is established, which takes the minimum cost of punishment and cost of distribution as the objective function. 3. By analyzing the working principle of DVRPTW in tobacco distribution center, a two-stage solution strategy of "static initial optimization stage dynamic local optimization stage" distribution path model is proposed. 4. In order to solve the problem of dynamic VRP with time window (DVRPTW) in cigarette logistics, an improved genetic algorithm is proposed to solve the problem of cigarette logistics, such as premature convergence and so on. The best individual preservation strategy combined with the selection of gambling wheel is adopted, and the simulated annealing method, which is suitable for the existing path transformation, is adopted. Taking 20 customers in a district of Yiyang Tobacco Company of Hunan Province as an example, the correctness of the model and the validity of the solution method are verified, and the decision basis for the actual dynamic vehicle routing is provided.
【學位授予單位】：北京交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TS48;U492.22;F426.89

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