本文選題：露天礦 + 采礦用地��； 參考：《中國地質(zhì)大學(xué)（北京）》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：礦產(chǎn)資源的開發(fā)與利用是全國經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的重要支撐，但由于資源需求的不斷增加，“礦—地”矛盾愈加嚴(yán)峻。采礦用地的管理涉及到土地管理與礦業(yè)管理，通過構(gòu)建有效且符合實(shí)際需求的用地機(jī)制，實(shí)現(xiàn)采礦用地的合理利用，對(duì)于礦區(qū)損毀土地的復(fù)墾工作、土地資源的集約節(jié)約利用及可持續(xù)利用等具有重要意義。因此，探求并構(gòu)建露天礦采礦用地創(chuàng)新機(jī)制，推動(dòng)采礦用地系統(tǒng)的協(xié)同發(fā)展是本文研究的主要出發(fā)點(diǎn)。 論文首先對(duì)作為研究背景的我國礦、地概況進(jìn)行了解讀，以產(chǎn)權(quán)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)、可持續(xù)發(fā)展理論、土地集約節(jié)約理論、協(xié)同理論和生態(tài)文明理論為指導(dǎo)，采用抽象分析與系統(tǒng)分析相結(jié)合、實(shí)地考察與案例實(shí)證分析相結(jié)合、定性與定量分析相結(jié)合以及比較研究與歸納總結(jié)相結(jié)合的研究方法，，厘清了采礦用地、臨時(shí)用地以及土地復(fù)墾的界定及內(nèi)涵，分析探討了露天礦采礦用地的特征、規(guī)律，及在利用中暴露的主要問題，并提出設(shè)立獨(dú)立的采礦用地權(quán)構(gòu)想。在建立采礦用地系統(tǒng)并對(duì)系統(tǒng)特征進(jìn)行分析的基礎(chǔ)上，本文提出了采礦用地系統(tǒng)協(xié)同發(fā)展的理念，通過對(duì)協(xié)同發(fā)展目標(biāo)的解析，進(jìn)而提出探索推動(dòng)系統(tǒng)協(xié)同發(fā)展的露天礦采礦用地創(chuàng)新機(jī)制。 以平果鋁土礦為例，針對(duì)采礦用地系統(tǒng)推進(jìn)用地方式創(chuàng)新機(jī)制，主要包括改變過去采礦用地供地方式，以臨時(shí)用地方式代替永久征地；簡化土地審批制度；切實(shí)落實(shí)臨時(shí)用地補(bǔ)償；建立采礦用地退出機(jī)制，企業(yè)采礦活動(dòng)完畢后將復(fù)墾土地還給村民集體。經(jīng)實(shí)際測(cè)算得出，在該機(jī)制下可有效實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)以及生態(tài)效益三者的統(tǒng)一。 最后，論文選取鋁土礦、煤礦、鐵礦三類典型礦種，針對(duì)露天礦采礦用地創(chuàng)新機(jī)制下的用地方式改革，進(jìn)行不同礦種的差異化分析。研究表明，露天開采鋁土礦整體上較為適合推進(jìn)采礦用地方式改革；煤礦中，從露天煤礦規(guī)模上來界定，小型礦較為適合推進(jìn)采礦用地方式改革，中型礦次之，特大型礦最次。而從煤層數(shù)的角度界定，單一煤層或煤層數(shù)不多的露天煤礦，更適宜推進(jìn)采礦用地方式改革；對(duì)于大型露天鐵礦，以及與其資源賦存條件相似的大部分金屬礦，如鉛鋅礦、銅礦、金礦等，不適宜推進(jìn)采礦用地方式改革。
[Abstract]:The exploitation and utilization of mineral resources is an important support for the national economic development, but the contradiction between mine and land becomes more and more serious because of the increasing demand for mineral resources. The management of mining land involves land management and mining management. The rational use of mining land can be realized by constructing an effective and practical land use mechanism, and the reclamation of damaged land in mining area can be achieved. Intensive conservation and sustainable utilization of land resources are of great significance. Therefore, it is the main starting point of this paper to explore and construct the innovative mechanism of mining land in opencast mine and to promote the cooperative development of mining land system. Firstly, the paper interprets the general situation of mine and land in China as the research background, guided by property rights economics, sustainable development theory, land intensive saving theory, synergy theory and ecological civilization theory. By combining abstract analysis with system analysis, field investigation with case study, qualitative and quantitative analysis, comparative study and summary, the paper clarifies the mining land. The definition and connotation of temporary land use and land reclamation are analyzed and discussed in this paper, the characteristics, rules, and main problems exposed in the utilization of open pit mining land are analyzed and discussed, and the idea of establishing independent mining land rights is put forward. Based on the establishment of mining land system and the analysis of system characteristics, this paper puts forward the concept of cooperative development of mining land system, and analyzes the goal of cooperative development. Furthermore, the paper puts forward the innovative mechanism of mining land in open pit mine to promote the cooperative development of the system. Taking Pingguo bauxite mine as an example, this paper promotes the innovation mechanism of land use in view of mining land system, mainly including changing the mode of land supply for mining land in the past, replacing permanent land requisition with temporary land use, simplifying the land approval system; The temporary land compensation should be implemented, and the withdrawal mechanism of mining land should be set up, and the reclaimed land should be returned to the villagers' collective after the enterprise's mining activities. According to the actual calculation, the unity of economic, social and ecological benefits can be realized effectively under this mechanism. Finally, the paper selects bauxite, coal mine, iron ore three types of typical ore, in view of the open pit mining land innovation mechanism under the land use reform, carries on the difference analysis of different ore types. The results show that open-pit bauxite mining is more suitable to promote the reform of mining land use mode, and in coal mine, small mine is more suitable to promote the reform of mining land use mode, medium mine is the second, and super large mine is the most important. In terms of the number of coal seams, open coal mines with a single coal seam or a small number of coal seams are more suitable to promote the reform of mining land use; for large open pit iron mines, and for most metal mines similar to their resources, such as lead and zinc mines, Copper, gold, and so on, is not suitable to promote the reform of mining land use.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國地質(zhì)大學(xué)（北京）
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：TD88;F426.1

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