本文選題：機械制造行業(yè)　切入點：清潔生產(chǎn)　出處：《復旦大學》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著環(huán)境問題的日益嚴重,如何實現(xiàn)環(huán)境和經(jīng)濟的可持續(xù)發(fā)展已成為國內(nèi)外廣泛關注的問題。清潔生產(chǎn)是一種兼顧經(jīng)濟效益和環(huán)境效益的最優(yōu)生產(chǎn)方式。清潔生產(chǎn)可以最大限度地減少原材料和能源的消耗,降低成本,提高效益：變有毒有害的原料或產(chǎn)品為無毒無害,對環(huán)境和人類危害最小；可對生產(chǎn)全過程進行科學的改革和嚴格的管理,使生產(chǎn)過程中排放的污染物達到最小量化。清潔生產(chǎn)已經(jīng)成為制造業(yè)企業(yè)實施保護環(huán)境的重要手段。隨著清潔生產(chǎn)工作的深入,對中小機械制造企業(yè)的清潔生產(chǎn)工作逐步展開。本文以清潔生產(chǎn)審核為中心,探討了適合于中小機械制造企業(yè)的清潔生產(chǎn)審核模式和方案。在詳細闡述清潔生產(chǎn)產(chǎn)生背景和推行意義的基礎上,研究了國內(nèi)外清潔生產(chǎn)的發(fā)展情況；在分析了中小型機械制造企業(yè)清潔生產(chǎn)狀況的基礎上,提出了中小機械制造企業(yè)實施清潔生產(chǎn)的必要性；在對清潔生產(chǎn)體系研究中,闡述了清潔生產(chǎn)評價指標體系及評價方法。并以薩澳丹佛斯公司為研究對象,從對企業(yè)生產(chǎn)現(xiàn)狀分析入手,發(fā)現(xiàn)企業(yè)清潔生產(chǎn)存在的問題。在此基礎上,提出清潔生產(chǎn)方案共13條,其中無/低費方案10條,中/高費方案3條。共投資221.25萬元,節(jié)約用電801000千瓦,節(jié)約用水300噸,節(jié)約油漆0.73噸,減排C02628.8噸,年獲得經(jīng)濟效益123.19萬元。通過對所有可實施的清潔生產(chǎn)方案的實施,使企業(yè)獲得經(jīng)濟和環(huán)境效益,基本實現(xiàn)了清潔生產(chǎn)審核制定的近期目標。最后,針對清潔生產(chǎn)實施過程中存在的問題,本文提出了中小企業(yè)開展清潔生產(chǎn)的對策建議和對未來推行清潔生產(chǎn)的展望。此外,本論文的研究成果對于中小機械制造企業(yè)推行清潔生產(chǎn)具有一定的理論指導和實踐應用作用。
[Abstract]:With the increasingly serious environmental problems, How to realize the sustainable development of environment and economy has become a widespread concern at home and abroad. Cleaner production is an optimal mode of production which takes account of both economic and environmental benefits. Cleaner production can minimize raw materials. The consumption of materials and energy, To reduce costs and improve efficiency: to turn toxic and harmful raw materials or products into non-toxic and harmless materials or products, and to do the least harm to the environment and human beings; to carry out scientific reforms and strict management of the whole process of production, Clean production has become an important means for manufacturing enterprises to protect the environment. With the development of cleaner production, The cleaner production work of small and medium-sized machinery manufacturing enterprises is gradually carried out. This paper takes cleaner production audit as the center, This paper discusses the mode and scheme of cleaner production audit suitable for small and medium-sized mechanical manufacturing enterprises. On the basis of elaborating the background and significance of cleaner production, the development of cleaner production at home and abroad is studied. On the basis of analyzing the status of cleaner production in small and medium-sized mechanical manufacturing enterprises, the necessity of implementing cleaner production in small and medium-sized mechanical manufacturing enterprises is put forward. This paper expounds the evaluation index system and evaluation method of cleaner production. Taking Saao Danfoss Company as the research object, starting with the analysis of the present production situation of enterprises, the problems of cleaner production in enterprises are found. A total of 13 clean production schemes were put forward, of which 10 were no / low cost schemes and 3 were medium / high cost schemes. The total investment was 2.2125 million yuan, 801000 kilowatts of electricity was saved, 300 tons of water was saved, 0.73 tons of paint was saved, and C02628.8 tons of emission reduction were achieved. The annual economic benefit is 1.2319 million yuan. Through the implementation of all feasible cleaner production schemes, the enterprises can obtain economic and environmental benefits, and basically achieve the short-term goal of cleaner production audit and formulation. Finally, In view of the problems existing in the implementation of cleaner production, this paper puts forward the countermeasures and suggestions for the implementation of cleaner production in small and medium-sized enterprises and the prospect for the implementation of cleaner production in the future. The research results of this paper have a certain theoretical guidance and practical application role for small and medium-sized mechanical manufacturing enterprises to promote cleaner production.
【學位授予單位】：復旦大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F426.4;X38

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