本文選題：金磚五國　切入點：制造業(yè)　出處：《福建農(nóng)林大學》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：隨著經(jīng)濟全球化的加深和國際競爭的加劇，國際競爭力已然成為決定競爭成敗的關(guān)鍵因素。被稱為金磚五國的中國、印度、俄羅斯、巴西和南非有著廣闊的市場空間和巨大的經(jīng)濟潛力，極大促進各國在經(jīng)貿(mào)領域中的互動與合作，成為推動全球經(jīng)濟復蘇的重要力量。而金磚國家的產(chǎn)業(yè)優(yōu)勢主要集中體現(xiàn)于制造業(yè)，評價金磚國家制造業(yè)的國際競爭力狀況，尋找制造業(yè)國際競爭力的關(guān)鍵影響因素，分析五個國家的制造業(yè)國際競爭力差距，具有一定的現(xiàn)實意義。目前，中國被稱之為“世界工廠”，其制造業(yè)國際競爭力在金磚國家中占據(jù)相對競爭優(yōu)勢，而且發(fā)展空間很大，有待全面提升和改善。因此，金磚國家制造業(yè)國際競爭力的對比研究，有助于全面理解中國制造業(yè)未來發(fā)展的趨勢，最終實現(xiàn)提高中國制造業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)的整體國際競爭力。 本文第一部分闡述研究背景、研究目的和意義、研究思路、研究方法和相關(guān)基本概念；第二部分對國內(nèi)外研究制造業(yè)國際競爭力的文獻進行綜述和對理論基礎進行說明；第三部分則選取國際市場占有率、貿(mào)易競爭指數(shù)、顯示性比較優(yōu)勢指數(shù)和產(chǎn)業(yè)內(nèi)貿(mào)易指數(shù)進行量化分析，并采用熵權(quán)法對選取的四個指標對金鉆五國的制造業(yè)國際競爭力進行綜合比較評價；第四部分對金磚國家制造業(yè)國際競爭力的潛在影響因素進行比較分析；第五部分則是采用層次分析法對金磚國家制造業(yè)國際競爭力的關(guān)鍵影響因素進行識別并得出結(jié)論；第六部分進行總結(jié)并提出對策建議，并指出論文中存在的不足和展望。 金磚國家制造業(yè)在最近十年來取得了一定程度的發(fā)展，特別是中國更是表現(xiàn)出良好的增長趨勢，雖然如此，但仍未達到制造強國的標準。通過金磚國家制造業(yè)國際競爭力的關(guān)鍵影響因素綜合比較研究中發(fā)現(xiàn)：中國擁有較豐富的勞動力資源、龐大的國際市場以及相對完善的相關(guān)產(chǎn)業(yè)鍵等競爭優(yōu)勢，但中國制造業(yè)是走低端產(chǎn)品為主導的貿(mào)易路線，缺乏創(chuàng)新與技術(shù)。加上近年來中國的勞動力成本不斷攀升，比較成本優(yōu)勢逐漸消失，以及周邊國家制造業(yè)不斷的崛起，中國制造業(yè)面臨了巨大的挑戰(zhàn)。因此，必須采取一系列措施加以改善、提高。提升中國制造業(yè)國際競爭力的對策如下：加快中國制造業(yè)由低端市場邁向高端產(chǎn)品轉(zhuǎn)型的步伐，擺脫經(jīng)濟對資源的嚴重依附和對環(huán)境的巨大壓力，，達到可持續(xù)發(fā)展；必須改革制造業(yè)發(fā)展方式，調(diào)整貿(mào)易結(jié)構(gòu)，提高中國制造業(yè)經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的整體質(zhì)量；建設成熟穩(wěn)定且勞動力成本低的投資環(huán)境，擴大外資投入，引進外資技術(shù)，提高整體國際競爭力。
[Abstract]:As economic globalization deepens and international competition intensifies, international competitiveness has become a key factor in determining the success or failure of competition. China, India and Russia, known as the BRICS, Brazil and South Africa have vast market space and enormous economic potential, which greatly promote interaction and cooperation among countries in the economic and trade field, It has become an important force in promoting global economic recovery. The industrial advantages of the BRICS countries are mainly concentrated in the manufacturing industry. The international competitiveness of the BRICS manufacturing industry is evaluated, and the key factors affecting the international competitiveness of the manufacturing industry are sought. It is of certain practical significance to analyze the international competitiveness gap of manufacturing industry in five countries. At present, China is called the "world factory", and its international competitiveness of manufacturing industry occupies a relative competitive advantage among the BRICS countries, and there is a lot of room for development. Therefore, a comparative study on the international competitiveness of BRICS manufacturing industry will help to understand the future development trend of China's manufacturing industry and ultimately improve the overall international competitiveness of China's manufacturing industry. The first part of this paper describes the research background, research purpose and significance, research ideas, research methods and related basic concepts, the second part of the domestic and foreign research on the international competitiveness of manufacturing literature and theoretical basis are described. The third part chooses the international market share, the trade competition index, the display comparative advantage index and the intra-industry trade index to carry on the quantitative analysis. And the entropy weight method is used to compare and evaluate the international competitiveness of the manufacturing industry of the five countries. Part 4th compares and analyzes the potential influencing factors of the international competitiveness of the manufacturing industry in the BRICS countries, and makes a comparative analysis of the international competitiveness of the manufacturing industry in the BRICS countries. Part 5th identifies and concludes the key factors affecting the international competitiveness of BRICS manufacturing industry by analytic hierarchy process (AHP), and part 6th summarizes and proposes countermeasures and suggestions, and points out the shortcomings and prospects of the paper. The BRICS manufacturing industry has developed to a certain extent in the past decade, especially in China, which has shown a good growth trend. But it is still not up to the standards of a manufacturing power. Through a comprehensive comparative study of the key factors affecting the international competitiveness of the BRICS manufacturing industry, it is found that China has abundant labor resources. The huge international market and competitive advantages such as relatively perfect related industrial links, but China's manufacturing industry is following a low-end product-led trade route, lacking innovation and technology. In addition, China's labor costs have been rising in recent years. With the gradual disappearance of comparative cost advantage and the continuous rise of manufacturing industry in neighboring countries, China's manufacturing industry is facing enormous challenges. Therefore, a series of measures must be taken to improve it. The countermeasures to improve the international competitiveness of China's manufacturing industry are as follows: accelerating the transition of Chinese manufacturing industry from low-end market to high-end products, getting rid of the heavy dependence of economy on resources and great pressure on environment to achieve sustainable development; It is necessary to reform the mode of development of the manufacturing industry, adjust the trade structure, improve the overall quality of the economic development of China's manufacturing industry, build a mature and stable investment environment with low labor costs, expand foreign investment and introduce foreign capital technology. Improve overall international competitiveness.
【學位授予單位】：福建農(nóng)林大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F414

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