本文關(guān)鍵詞： 食品安全 政府監(jiān)管 碎片化 整體性治理　出處：《云南財經(jīng)大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：權(quán)力碎片化已成為公共行政首要解決的難題�！肮倭胖啤苯M織以專業(yè)化分工提升行政效率，但組織邊界隔閡、關(guān)系對立、結(jié)構(gòu)沖突使得政府管理職能陷于四分五裂。食品安全監(jiān)管的權(quán)力碎片化有其獨特的歷史原因和社會背景，從計劃經(jīng)濟體制轉(zhuǎn)軌到市場經(jīng)濟體制的轉(zhuǎn)型時期，，受到路徑依賴的影響，形成了“多部門分環(huán)節(jié)”的監(jiān)管體制，并隨著體制變遷、社會轉(zhuǎn)型、政策法規(guī)、機構(gòu)改革等諸多因素而不斷穩(wěn)固。但是，天洋“毒餃子事件”、三鹿“三聚氰胺奶粉事件”、雙匯“瘦肉精豬肉事件”、上�！叭旧z頭事件”等一系列事件表明目前政府食品安全存在權(quán)力分散功能割裂責(zé)任推諉部門行政等弊端，以至于人民身體健康和社會穩(wěn)定受到巨大的威脅。如何解決這些問題，學(xué)界從經(jīng)濟學(xué)、法學(xué)、管理學(xué)、行政學(xué)等學(xué)科采取多種途徑來完善政府監(jiān)管部門之間的協(xié)作以及吸納有助于解決問題的力量。因此，整體性治理理論恰好提供了一種能應(yīng)夠解決困境的辦法。 碎片化的對立面是整體化，不是專業(yè)化。官僚制的分工和專業(yè)化必然伴生協(xié)調(diào)需求，因而協(xié)調(diào)是公共行政永恒的主題。在新公共管理的衰微和數(shù)字時代來臨的背景下，整體性治理著眼于政府內(nèi)部機構(gòu)和部門的整體性運作，主張管理從分散走向集中，從部分走向整體，從破碎走向整合。本文依據(jù)�？怂沟热颂岢龅摹澳康摹焙汀笆侄巍北嫖隹蚣埽ㄟ^整體性治理理論的分析框架對食品安全監(jiān)管及其適用性進行分析，驗證該理論對于食品安全監(jiān)管中存在“七八個部門管不好一頭豬”、“都管、都不管、都管不好”、“九龍治水”等現(xiàn)象的解釋力以及回應(yīng)研究背景中提出的問題。在此基礎(chǔ)上，論述政府食品安全監(jiān)管職能，分析食品安全監(jiān)管體制變遷產(chǎn)生的路徑依賴，并結(jié)合當(dāng)代中國食品安全典型案例，從食品安全問題發(fā)生原因、內(nèi)在機理及演變過程，歸納政府食品安全監(jiān)管職能缺失原因，找到食品安全監(jiān)管“碎片化”的根源。 整體性治理的核心思想跨界合作，是對碎片化的一種回應(yīng)�；谑称钒踩O(jiān)管中各個不同治理主體之間的沖突，有必要強化上下級政府之間、同級政府之間、政府監(jiān)管部門之間、公私部門之間的協(xié)調(diào)與協(xié)作，樹立整體政府的核心價值及其治理理念，把社會多元治理力量納入到協(xié)作的制度內(nèi)，建構(gòu)政府內(nèi)部之間、部門之間及社會監(jiān)管主體之間的協(xié)作網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu)，整合食品安全監(jiān)管目標(biāo)、信息與功能，彌補政府跨界協(xié)作不足，容納社會治理力量，樹立公共利益的價值導(dǎo)向，建立政府—市場—社會之間的合作伙伴關(guān)系，在目標(biāo)、功能、信息、政府與社會進行整合，彌補政府監(jiān)管職能的碎片化狀態(tài)，實現(xiàn)“從農(nóng)田到餐桌”全過程的無縫隙。
[Abstract]:The fragmentation of power has become the most difficult problem for public administration. "bureaucracy" organizations use specialized division of labor to promote administrative efficiency, but the organizational boundaries are estranged and relations are opposed. The structure conflict makes the government management function fall apart. The power fragmentation of food safety supervision has its unique historical reason and social background, the transition period from planned economy system to market economy system. Under the influence of path dependence, the regulatory system of "multi-sector and sub-links" has been formed, and with the changes of the system, social transformation, policies and regulations, institutional reform and many other factors, etc. A series of events such as the Tianyang "toxic dumplings incident", the Sanlu "melamine milk powder incident", the Shuanghui "lean meat essence pork incident", the Shanghai "dyed steamed bread incident" and other events show that there is a decentralization of power in the current government food safety? Functional fragmentation? Shirking responsibility? The malpractice of department administration is so great that people's health and social stability are greatly threatened. How to solve these problems, academic circles from economics, law, management, Administrative science and other disciplines adopt various ways to perfect the cooperation between government regulatory departments and absorb the power that helps solve the problem. Therefore, the theory of holistic governance provides a solution to the dilemma. The opposite of fragmentation is integration, not specialization. The division of labor and specialization of bureaucracy must be accompanied by coordination needs, so coordination is the eternal theme of public administration. In the context of the decline of new public management and the advent of the digital age, coordination is the eternal theme of public administration. Holistic governance focuses on the overall operation of government internal institutions and departments, and advocates management from decentralization to concentration and from part to whole. From fragmentation to integration. According to the framework of "purpose" and "means" put forward by Hicks et al, this paper analyzes the food safety supervision and its applicability through the framework of holistic governance theory. To verify the existence of this theory in food safety supervision, such as "seven or eight departments can't manage a pig well", "no matter what," and "Jiulong water control", etc., and respond to the questions raised in the background of the research. On this basis, This paper discusses the function of government food safety supervision, analyzes the path dependence caused by the change of food safety supervision system, and combines with the typical case of food safety in contemporary China, from the causes, internal mechanism and evolution process of food safety problems. Induces the government food safety supervision function flaw reason, finds the food safety supervision "fragmentation" the root cause. The core idea of holistic governance is cross-border cooperation, which is a response to fragmentation. Based on the conflicts among different governing bodies in food safety supervision, it is necessary to strengthen the relationship between the upper and lower governments and the governments at the same level. The coordination and cooperation between the government supervision departments and the public and private sectors, the establishment of the core value of the whole government and its governance concept, the integration of the social pluralistic governance forces into the cooperative system, and the construction of the internal government. The cooperative network structure between departments and social regulatory bodies, integrating the objectives, information and functions of food safety supervision, making up for the lack of cross-boundary cooperation between governments, accommodating social governance forces, and establishing the value orientation of public interests. To establish a partnership between government, market and society, integrate the goal, function, information, government and society, make up the fragmented state of government supervision function, and realize the whole process of "from farmland to table".
【學(xué)位授予單位】：云南財經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F203;F426.82

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