本文關(guān)鍵詞： 稀土 優(yōu)化配置 評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系 層次分析法　出處：《中國(guó)地質(zhì)大學(xué)（北京）》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：稀土是我國(guó)的優(yōu)勢(shì)戰(zhàn)略性礦產(chǎn)資源，被廣泛應(yīng)用于國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)各個(gè)領(lǐng)域，尤其是在高科技產(chǎn)業(yè)和軍事工業(yè)方面，具有不可替代的作用。我國(guó)稀土的儲(chǔ)量、產(chǎn)量和出口量等長(zhǎng)期居于世界首位，然而，強(qiáng)大的資源優(yōu)勢(shì)并未轉(zhuǎn)化為經(jīng)濟(jì)優(yōu)勢(shì)，我國(guó)的稀土產(chǎn)業(yè)還存在諸多問(wèn)題，稀土強(qiáng)國(guó)的地位也尚未確立。對(duì)我國(guó)的稀土資源進(jìn)行優(yōu)化配置，實(shí)現(xiàn)寶貴資源的高效利用和產(chǎn)業(yè)合理布局，促進(jìn)稀土產(chǎn)業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)效益和社會(huì)效益的提高，是論文研究的重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容。 論文的研究從我國(guó)的稀土資源概況和產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀入手，深入分析了目前我國(guó)稀土資源的狀況，稀土產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展中的優(yōu)勢(shì)以及存在的問(wèn)題。通過(guò)對(duì)這些基本資料的分析，對(duì)我國(guó)的稀土資源現(xiàn)狀及產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展有了清醒的認(rèn)識(shí)。 為了科學(xué)合理的進(jìn)行資源優(yōu)化配置，論文借鑒礦產(chǎn)資源評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系的構(gòu)建思路和方法，建立了稀土資源優(yōu)化配置評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系。為了保證指標(biāo)評(píng)價(jià)的合理性和科學(xué)性，運(yùn)用層次分析法（AHP）對(duì)指標(biāo)的權(quán)重進(jìn)行了計(jì)算和分配，并對(duì)評(píng)價(jià)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)進(jìn)行了設(shè)定。然后，利用稀土資源優(yōu)化配置評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系對(duì)我國(guó)輕稀土和重稀土的重要產(chǎn)區(qū)進(jìn)行了指標(biāo)評(píng)價(jià)。 不同稀土產(chǎn)區(qū)的優(yōu)化配置指標(biāo)評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)果，可以直接反映各區(qū)域稀土資源開(kāi)發(fā)綜合條件的優(yōu)劣，為優(yōu)化配置方案的設(shè)計(jì)提供直接的依據(jù)。在此基礎(chǔ)上，對(duì)我國(guó)主要稀土產(chǎn)區(qū)提出了不同的發(fā)展思路。選取了綜合評(píng)價(jià)得分較高的內(nèi)蒙古、四川和山東等3個(gè)�。▍^(qū)）作為我國(guó)輕稀土資源的重點(diǎn)開(kāi)發(fā)區(qū)域。針對(duì)輕稀土產(chǎn)能過(guò)剩的嚴(yán)峻形勢(shì)，近期的目標(biāo)是通過(guò)淘汰落后產(chǎn)能、清理礦業(yè)權(quán)配置、嚴(yán)格準(zhǔn)入條件等措施控制和降低產(chǎn)能，，扭轉(zhuǎn)供需失衡的局面。其后，依據(jù)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展形勢(shì)和需求變化，逐步調(diào)整產(chǎn)能，并在立足本國(guó)資源的基礎(chǔ)上，適時(shí)地實(shí)施“走出去”戰(zhàn)略，利用國(guó)內(nèi)國(guó)外兩種資源，實(shí)現(xiàn)稀土行業(yè)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展。中重稀土資源儲(chǔ)量少、需求缺口大，是更為稀缺的資源，應(yīng)該更加審慎地進(jìn)行開(kāi)發(fā)。根據(jù)指標(biāo)評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)果，將江西省、福建省和廣東省列為重稀土重點(diǎn)開(kāi)發(fā)區(qū)域，將廣西壯族自治區(qū)、云南省和湖南省列為資源戰(zhàn)略儲(chǔ)備區(qū)。中重稀土資源配置的目標(biāo)主要是保障國(guó)內(nèi)需求，不鼓勵(lì)初級(jí)產(chǎn)品的出口，發(fā)展策略是“重勘查、重保護(hù)、重儲(chǔ)備”。
[Abstract]:Rare earth is the dominant strategic mineral resource of our country, which is widely used in various fields of national economy, especially in high-tech industry and military industry. The output and export volume have been the first in the world for a long time, however, the strong resource advantage has not been transformed into the economic advantage, and there are still many problems in the rare earth industry of our country. The status of rare earth power has not yet been established. To optimize the allocation of rare earth resources in China, to achieve the efficient use of precious resources and the rational distribution of industry, to promote the economic and social benefits of rare earth industry. It is the key content of the thesis. Based on the general situation of rare earth resources and industrial development in China, the paper deeply analyzes the status of rare earth resources in China. The advantages and problems in the development of rare earth industry. Through the analysis of these basic data, we have a clear understanding of the present situation of rare earth resources and industry development in China. In order to optimize the allocation of mineral resources scientifically and rationally, the paper draws lessons from the ideas and methods of constructing the evaluation index system of mineral resources. In order to ensure the rationality and scientific nature of the evaluation of rare earth resources, the weight of the index was calculated and distributed by using the Analytic hierarchy process (AHP). Then, the evaluation index system of the optimal allocation of rare earth resources is used to evaluate the important producing areas of light rare earths and heavy rare earths in China. The evaluation results of different rare-earth production areas can directly reflect the advantages and disadvantages of the comprehensive conditions for the development of rare earth resources in different regions, and provide a direct basis for the design of optimal allocation schemes. Different development ideas are put forward for the main rare earth producing areas in China. Inner Mongolia, which has a high comprehensive evaluation score, is selected. Three provinces (regions), such as Sichuan and Shandong, are the key development areas of light rare earth resources in China. In view of the severe situation of excess capacity of light rare earths, the immediate goal is to eliminate backward production capacity and clean up the allocation of mining rights. Strict access conditions and other measures to control and reduce production capacity, reverse the imbalance between supply and demand. Subsequently, according to the economic development situation and changes in demand, gradually adjust production capacity, and on the basis of domestic resources. The strategy of "going out" should be implemented in good time to realize the sustainable development of rare earth industry by utilizing two kinds of resources at home and abroad. The medium and heavy rare earth resources have less reserves and large demand gap, so they are more scarce resources. According to the results of index evaluation, Jiangxi Province, Fujian Province and Guangdong Province should be listed as the key development areas of heavy rare earths and Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous region. Yunnan Province and Hunan Province are listed as strategic reserves of resources. The goal of the allocation of rare earth resources is mainly to protect domestic demand and not to encourage the export of primary products. The development strategy is "reexploration, protection and reserve".
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)地質(zhì)大學(xué)（北京）
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：F426.1

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