本文關(guān)鍵詞：我國(guó)核廢料管理的困境與對(duì)策研究　出處：《東華理工大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 核廢料 管理困境 對(duì)策

【摘要】：核能經(jīng)歷了幾十年的曲折發(fā)展，現(xiàn)已在多方面得到很好的利用，，尤其是在核能發(fā)電領(lǐng)域，為各國(guó)的溫室氣體問(wèn)題和能源短缺問(wèn)題解決了不少麻煩。但隨著核能利用的越來(lái)越廣泛以及核電站數(shù)量的陸續(xù)增加，核廢料處理問(wèn)題日趨嚴(yán)峻。由于核廢料處理是一項(xiàng)復(fù)雜的系統(tǒng)工程，有些核廢料（例如高放廢物或者乏燃料）需要經(jīng)過(guò)幾千年甚至幾萬(wàn)年的自我衰變完全。人們最初只是將這些核廢料暫存起來(lái)，或者直接傾倒掩埋。隨著人們認(rèn)識(shí)的提高，了解了核廢料的巨大潛在威脅，開始尋求更好的解決辦法。 本文主要從我國(guó)核廢料處理現(xiàn)有的問(wèn)題和困境出發(fā)，從法律法規(guī)、政策條例，文化意識(shí)，民眾參與及選址和技術(shù)等方面，運(yùn)用文獻(xiàn)查閱和對(duì)比研究，借鑒世界核能發(fā)展大國(guó)的核廢料管理經(jīng)驗(yàn)，對(duì)我國(guó)核廢料管理提出一系列的建議和對(duì)策：加快立法，設(shè)立預(yù)先管理制度、形成核廢料管理的安全文化、宣傳普及核知識(shí)全民共同處理體制機(jī)制、成立核廢料基金管理公司、盡快落實(shí)廠址選擇、加強(qiáng)運(yùn)輸管理和加快人才培養(yǎng)。希望通過(guò)上述建議，對(duì)我國(guó)核廢料管理有所幫助。
[Abstract]:After decades of tortuous development, nuclear energy has been well utilized in many fields, especially in the field of nuclear power generation. It has solved a lot of problems for the greenhouse gas and energy shortage. But with the increasing use of nuclear energy and the number of nuclear power plants are increasing. The problem of nuclear waste disposal is becoming more and more serious. Because nuclear waste treatment is a complex system engineering. Some nuclear waste, such as high level radioactive waste or spent fuel, takes thousands or even tens of thousands of years to decay completely. Or dump it directly. As people become more aware of the potential threat of nuclear waste, they begin to seek better solutions. Based on the existing problems and dilemmas of nuclear waste disposal in China, this paper makes use of literature review and comparative study from the aspects of laws and regulations, policies and regulations, cultural awareness, popular participation, site selection and technology, etc. Based on the experience of nuclear waste management in nuclear energy developing countries in the world, this paper puts forward a series of suggestions and countermeasures for nuclear waste management in China: speeding up legislation, setting up advance management system, and forming a safety culture of nuclear waste management. It is hoped that the above proposals will be adopted by publicizing and popularizing the institutional mechanism for the common handling of nuclear knowledge, setting up a nuclear waste fund management company, implementing plant site selection as soon as possible, strengthening transportation management and speeding up personnel training. It is helpful to the management of nuclear waste in our country.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東華理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：X771;F426.23

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