本文關(guān)鍵詞：當(dāng)前我國(guó)食品安全監(jiān)管存在的問題與對(duì)策研究　出處：《河北師范大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

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【摘要】：國(guó)以民為本，民以食為天，食以安為先。食品安全事關(guān)人民群眾的身體健康和生命安全，事關(guān)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展方式的轉(zhuǎn)變，事關(guān)社會(huì)的和諧穩(wěn)定，事關(guān)黨和政府的形象和執(zhí)政根基。目前,食品安全已成為全球性的重大戰(zhàn)略性問題,并越來(lái)越受到了世界各國(guó)政府和消費(fèi)者的高度重視。隨著我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)持續(xù)高速發(fā)展，人民生活水平不斷提高,對(duì)食品安全保障水平也提出了越來(lái)越高的要求。與此同時(shí),我國(guó)食品安全問題依然不少，食品安全事件仍時(shí)有發(fā)生。食品安全問題已經(jīng)成為影響我國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)和食品產(chǎn)業(yè)甚至“中國(guó)制造”國(guó)際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的關(guān)鍵因素。 黨中央、國(guó)務(wù)院歷來(lái)高度重視食品安全工作，對(duì)食品安全工作不斷提出了新的要求，強(qiáng)調(diào)要有效防范、堅(jiān)決遏制重特大事故發(fā)生，切實(shí)加強(qiáng)食品安全監(jiān)管，持續(xù)強(qiáng)化社會(huì)監(jiān)督，依法嚴(yán)厲打擊違法違規(guī)行為。食品安全監(jiān)管工作的好壞主要取決于地方黨委和政府是否深入貫徹落實(shí)科學(xué)發(fā)展觀的總要求，是否堅(jiān)持以人為本，是否把維護(hù)人民群眾的根本利益放在首位，是否清醒認(rèn)識(shí)到食品安全直接關(guān)系人民群眾的身體健康和生命安全，關(guān)系社會(huì)的和諧與穩(wěn)定，是最大的民生問題和政治問題。 近年來(lái)，隨著食品安全法及其實(shí)施條例的公布實(shí)施和國(guó)務(wù)院食品安全委員會(huì)及其辦公室成立，食品安全工作得到極大加強(qiáng)。各地區(qū)、各有關(guān)部門認(rèn)真貫徹落實(shí)中央各項(xiàng)決策部署，做了大量艱苦細(xì)致的工作，我國(guó)食品安全法律制度、體制機(jī)制、監(jiān)管能力和保障水平取得了長(zhǎng)足進(jìn)步，食品安全總體形勢(shì)呈現(xiàn)出持續(xù)穩(wěn)定并向好發(fā)展的態(tài)勢(shì)。在今年的國(guó)務(wù)院機(jī)構(gòu)改革中，食品安全監(jiān)管體制改革又被擺在了突出位置。根據(jù)國(guó)務(wù)院指導(dǎo)意見，，對(duì)食品藥品實(shí)施統(tǒng)一集中監(jiān)管，并要求地方政府食品藥品安全監(jiān)管體制改革于今年底前完成。這次食品安全監(jiān)管體制改革，社會(huì)各界期盼已久，是順民意、合民心的重大決策，是破解監(jiān)管能力薄弱等瓶頸制約的重要舉措，也是新形勢(shì)下轉(zhuǎn)變政府職能的有效途徑。本文旨在通過(guò)對(duì)我國(guó)食品安全形勢(shì)及監(jiān)管工作現(xiàn)狀的深入剖析，認(rèn)真查找工作中存在的問題和不足，深刻總結(jié)產(chǎn)生問題根源和具體原因，對(duì)照國(guó)際先進(jìn)管理的理念和思路，借鑒先進(jìn)地區(qū)監(jiān)管的實(shí)際做法和經(jīng)驗(yàn)，對(duì)我國(guó)開展食品安全監(jiān)管展開有益的理論探索，以期能夠達(dá)到對(duì)食品安全監(jiān)管能力和保障水平提升產(chǎn)生較大促進(jìn)作用的目的。本文的寫作目的主要在于通過(guò)理論研究推動(dòng)工作實(shí)踐的不斷向前發(fā)展，為達(dá)到我國(guó)食品產(chǎn)業(yè)和食品安全事業(yè)又好又快發(fā)展的目標(biāo)實(shí)現(xiàn)盡一份綿薄之力。 本文在引言部分，主要闡述了本文的選題背景與意義，國(guó)內(nèi)外研究綜述，研究思路和方法以及本文的創(chuàng)新之處。 第一部分對(duì)食品安全監(jiān)管相關(guān)概念進(jìn)行了闡釋。對(duì)食品安全與食品衛(wèi)生、食品質(zhì)量等一組概念進(jìn)行了辯證分析，在對(duì)食品安全監(jiān)管的必要性進(jìn)行了闡述的基礎(chǔ)上，對(duì)監(jiān)管問題進(jìn)行了馬克思主義基本原理的學(xué)理分析。 第二部分回顧了我國(guó)食品安全監(jiān)管體系的歷史沿革，并對(duì)各地開展食品安全監(jiān)管體系改革積極有益的探索嘗試進(jìn)行了比較研究，深化了對(duì)我國(guó)開展食品安全監(jiān)管工作曲折性及探索建立符合我國(guó)國(guó)情食品安全監(jiān)管模式必然性的認(rèn)識(shí)。 第三部分對(duì)當(dāng)前我國(guó)食品安全監(jiān)管存在的問題進(jìn)行了實(shí)證分析。特別是對(duì)分析我國(guó)現(xiàn)有監(jiān)管體系和當(dāng)前食品安全監(jiān)管工作存在的主要問題進(jìn)行了闡述。中國(guó)現(xiàn)行食品安全管理體制具有明顯的多部門管理、地域管理和環(huán)節(jié)化特征,管理空白與管理沖突現(xiàn)象嚴(yán)重。構(gòu)建食品安全各管理部門共同需要的共性原則和制度有助于消除沖突與矛盾，食品安全綜合協(xié)調(diào)機(jī)制是消除食品安全管理沖突與空白有效措施，但同時(shí)也存在諸多問題。筆者根據(jù)從業(yè)經(jīng)歷，對(duì)當(dāng)前我國(guó)食品安全監(jiān)管面臨的嚴(yán)峻形勢(shì)和存在的突出問題進(jìn)行了分析。 第四部分深入分析了我國(guó)食品安全存在問題的形成原因，分別從技術(shù)因素、違法犯罪、產(chǎn)業(yè)素質(zhì)、誠(chéng)信自律、部門職責(zé)、監(jiān)管能力、媒體放大、違規(guī)成本、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)立法等方面，進(jìn)一步揭示了食品安全問題的艱巨性、復(fù)雜性和長(zhǎng)期性。 第五部分提出了完善我國(guó)食品安全監(jiān)管體系建設(shè)的對(duì)策建議。通過(guò)研究比較歐美主要發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家食品安全監(jiān)管模式，客觀分析我國(guó)食品安全監(jiān)管模式存在的差距,結(jié)合監(jiān)管工作實(shí)際，從牢固樹立為民執(zhí)法理念，加大預(yù)警機(jī)制建設(shè)，深入開展專項(xiàng)整頓治理，提升監(jiān)管和保障能力，提高食品產(chǎn)業(yè)素質(zhì)，加大日常監(jiān)管力度，加強(qiáng)食品安全宣傳教育等方面提出了建議，著眼于建立適合我國(guó)食品安全產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展的食品安全監(jiān)管體系。
[Abstract]:The country people, hunger breeds discontentment, food to safety first. Food safety is related to people's health and life safety, shift is related to the mode of economic development, is related to social harmony and stability, is related to the image of the party and government and the ruling foundation. At present, food safety has become a major global strategic issues, and more and more attention of governments and consumers around the world. With China's economic and social sustainable development, constantly improve people's living standards, also put forward higher requirements on the level of food security. At the same time, China's food safety is still a lot of problems, food safety incidents still occur. The problem of food security has become a key factor influencing China's agriculture and food industry and even the "China manufacturing" of international competitiveness.
The Party Central Committee, the State Council has always attached great importance to food safety, food safety work to continuously put forward new demands, stressed the need to effectively prevent and resolutely curb serious accidents, strengthen food safety supervision, continue to strengthen social supervision, severely crack down on illegal behavior. The quality of food safety supervision work mainly depends on the local Party committees and whether the government thoroughly implement the general requirements of Scientific Outlook on Development, whether to adhere to the people-oriented, is to safeguard the fundamental interests of the masses in the first place, whether aware of food safety is directly related to people's health and life safety, the harmony and stability of the society, is the largest livelihood issues and political issues.
In recent years, with the implementation of the food safety law and regulations promulgated and food safety committee of the State Council and established the office of food safety work has been greatly enhanced. In different areas, the relevant departments to seriously implement the central government's decision to deploy, do a lot of hard and meticulous work, China's food safety legal system, institutional mechanisms, regulatory capacity the level of protection and has made considerable progress, the overall situation of food safety showed steady and good development trend. In the year of the institutional reform of the State Council, the food safety regulatory system has been placed in a prominent position. Under the guidance of the State Council, on the implementation of centralized supervision of food and drug, and asked the local government food and drug safety supervision the system is completed before the end of this year. The food safety supervision system reform, community long-awaited, is public opinion, together the people The important decision is an important measure to solve the bottleneck of regulatory capacity is weak, the effective way of transformation of government functions but also under the new situation. This paper aims to make in-depth analysis on the situation of China's food safety supervision work and the status quo, existing seriously find problems and deficiencies in the work, have a profound summary of the root of the problem and the specific reasons for the control. The international advanced management concepts and ideas, learn from the advanced area supervision practice and experience, explore the beneficial theory to carry out the food safety supervision in China, in order to have a larger role in promoting the purpose of food safety supervision capacity and improve the level of protection. The main purpose of this thesis is to promote the development of the work through practice the theoretical study, in order to achieve the cause of China's food industry and food safety and fast development goals as a contribution.
In the introduction part, this paper mainly expounds the background and significance of the topic, the domestic and foreign research review, the research ideas and methods, and the innovation of this article.
The first part explains the related concepts of food safety supervision. Food safety and food hygiene, food quality and a set of concepts for a dialectical analysis, elaborated the necessity of the foundation of the food safety supervision, supervision of the problems of the Marx doctrine, the principle of the theoretical analysis.
The second part reviews the history of China's food safety supervision system, and to explore the country to carry out reform of food safety supervision system actively beneficial attempt to comparative study, deepen the understanding of China's national conditions to establish food safety supervision mode to carry out the inevitability of the twists and turns of the food safety supervision work and exploration in our country.
The third part makes an empirical analysis on the existing problems in China's food safety regulation problem. Especially for the analysis of main problems of the existing supervision system of our country and the current food safety supervision work are discussed. Chinese current food safety management system has obvious multi sectoral management, regional management and link characteristics, management and management control the phenomenon of serious conflict. The general principle and system construction of food safety management departments to jointly contribute to the elimination of conflicts and contradictions, the comprehensive coordination mechanism of food safety food safety management is to eliminate the conflict and blank of effective measures, but there are also many problems. According to the author's experience, the current grim situation of food safety supervision in China faces and the existing problems are analyzed.
The fourth part of the in-depth analysis of China's food safety problems existing causes, from technical factors, illegal crime, industrial quality, honesty and self-discipline, departmental responsibilities, supervision, media to enlarge, the violation cost, standard legislation, further reveals the difficulty of food safety issues, complex and long-term.
The fifth part puts forward the suggestions to improve the food safety supervision system construction in China. Through the comparative study of major developed countries in Europe and America food safety supervision mode, objective analysis of existing food safety supervision mode of the gap of our country, combined with supervision of the actual work, from the people to firmly establish the concept of law enforcement, strengthen the construction of early warning mechanism, carry out special rectification. Improve the supervision and protection ability, improve the quality of the food industry, strengthen the daily supervision, and puts forward some suggestions on strengthening food safety publicity and education, focusing on the establishment of a suitable for China's food safety supervision system of food safety industry.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：F203;F426.82

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