基于知識流動的創(chuàng)新活動空間分布演化機(jī)理研究
發(fā)布時間:2019-06-04 06:05
【摘要】:網(wǎng)絡(luò)經(jīng)濟(jì)條件下,知識流動的空間內(nèi)涵發(fā)生了改變,基于空間視角的知識溢出研究受到?jīng)_擊,催生了知識流動理論與發(fā)展現(xiàn)實(shí)的矛盾。 本文在對知識流動及創(chuàng)新活動空間分布內(nèi)涵進(jìn)行闡述的基礎(chǔ)上,構(gòu)建知識流動的概念模型以及知識在區(qū)域之間流動的空間動態(tài)一般均衡模型,從理論上探討網(wǎng)絡(luò)經(jīng)濟(jì)條件下知識流動的規(guī)律,進(jìn)而從知識流動的角度揭示創(chuàng)新活動空間分布的演化機(jī)理。 第一,在闡述創(chuàng)新活動空間分布內(nèi)涵的基礎(chǔ)上,使用經(jīng)典空間分布測度指標(biāo),以州為空間單元,對美國創(chuàng)新活動空間分布狀態(tài)及其在時間變化趨勢進(jìn)行描述分析。測度結(jié)果顯示:從1963年到1999年,GE(0)指數(shù)、GE(1)指數(shù)、Gini系數(shù)及E-G指數(shù)測度的創(chuàng)新活動空間集聚程度均呈現(xiàn)先下降后上升的趨勢;而Moran's I指數(shù)測度的空間集聚程度則呈逐漸下降趨勢,表明創(chuàng)新活動集中區(qū)域在空間上呈現(xiàn)逐年分散趨勢。 第二,在厘清知識流動概念內(nèi)涵的基礎(chǔ)上,提煉知識流動的主要途徑及影響因素,基于Meusburger的知識流動模型構(gòu)建反映知識流動的定性模型,論述網(wǎng)絡(luò)經(jīng)濟(jì)條件下知識流動的新特征,以美國為樣本,使用大時間跨度的專利引用數(shù)據(jù),檢驗(yàn)有關(guān)知識流動的空間特征及變化趨勢的假設(shè)。研究結(jié)果證實(shí)了基于定性模型的推論,表明:以專利引用表征的美國州際知識流動呈現(xiàn)較高的本地化特征以及距離衰減特征,然而隨著時間的推移,兩種特征均呈現(xiàn)減弱態(tài)勢,但空間對于知識流動的影響并未完全消失。 第三,對Baidwin的本地化溢出模型進(jìn)行改進(jìn),分析基于知識流動程度的長期均衡狀態(tài),通過動態(tài)模擬,闡明基于知識流動的創(chuàng)新活動空間分布演化機(jī)理。研究結(jié)果表明:知識流動是促進(jìn)整個經(jīng)濟(jì)體創(chuàng)新活動空間分散的力量;貿(mào)易自由度增加在上述過程中起到反向作用,是促進(jìn)整個經(jīng)濟(jì)體創(chuàng)新活動空間集聚的力量;創(chuàng)新活動分布和經(jīng)濟(jì)分布之間存在正向協(xié)同效應(yīng);在貿(mào)易自由度不斷增加的背景下,知識流動程度增加引起的創(chuàng)新分布長期均衡演化路徑呈現(xiàn)多樣性的特征。 第四,在分析美國創(chuàng)新活動空間分布及州際知識流動狀態(tài)的基礎(chǔ)上,從美國整體以及典型區(qū)域兩個維度,探討知識本地化和區(qū)域間兩種知識流動對不同維度的區(qū)域整體創(chuàng)新空間分布及創(chuàng)新高、中、低水平區(qū)域創(chuàng)新份額的影響,考察知識流動的創(chuàng)新活動空間分布演化效應(yīng),驗(yàn)證并完善知識流動創(chuàng)新活動空間分布演化效應(yīng)的理論研究。檢驗(yàn)了知識流動的創(chuàng)新活動空間分布演化模型提出的若干假設(shè),研究還發(fā)現(xiàn):本地化流動對于創(chuàng)新集中區(qū)域空間分布的影響不顯著;以專利引用表征的知識流入和知識流出對于該區(qū)域的創(chuàng)新份額影響存在明顯差異,前者提高區(qū)域的創(chuàng)新份額,而后者降低區(qū)域的創(chuàng)新份額。
[Abstract]:Under the condition of network economy, the spatial connotation of knowledge flow has changed, and the research of knowledge spillover based on spatial perspective has been impacted, which has given birth to the contradiction between knowledge flow theory and development reality. On the basis of expounding the connotation of spatial distribution of knowledge flow and innovation activities, this paper constructs the conceptual model of knowledge flow and the spatial dynamic general equilibrium model of knowledge flow between regions. This paper theoretically discusses the law of knowledge flow under the condition of network economy, and then reveals the evolution mechanism of spatial distribution of innovation activities from the point of view of knowledge flow. First, on the basis of expounding the connotation of spatial distribution of innovation activities, using the classical spatial distribution measurement index, taking the state as the spatial unit, this paper describes and analyzes the spatial distribution state of innovation activities in the United States and its changing trend in time. The measurement results show that the spatial agglomeration degree of innovative activities measured by, GE (0) index, GE (1), Gini coefficient and E 鈮,
本文編號:2492525
[Abstract]:Under the condition of network economy, the spatial connotation of knowledge flow has changed, and the research of knowledge spillover based on spatial perspective has been impacted, which has given birth to the contradiction between knowledge flow theory and development reality. On the basis of expounding the connotation of spatial distribution of knowledge flow and innovation activities, this paper constructs the conceptual model of knowledge flow and the spatial dynamic general equilibrium model of knowledge flow between regions. This paper theoretically discusses the law of knowledge flow under the condition of network economy, and then reveals the evolution mechanism of spatial distribution of innovation activities from the point of view of knowledge flow. First, on the basis of expounding the connotation of spatial distribution of innovation activities, using the classical spatial distribution measurement index, taking the state as the spatial unit, this paper describes and analyzes the spatial distribution state of innovation activities in the United States and its changing trend in time. The measurement results show that the spatial agglomeration degree of innovative activities measured by, GE (0) index, GE (1), Gini coefficient and E 鈮,
本文編號:2492525
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