基于協(xié)同理論的科技資源配置對(duì)國(guó)家創(chuàng)新能力提升機(jī)制研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-03-15 11:09
【摘要】：隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化的深入發(fā)展和知識(shí)經(jīng)濟(jì)的初步形成,創(chuàng)新驅(qū)動(dòng)已經(jīng)成為全球共識(shí)。各國(guó)紛紛把實(shí)踐創(chuàng)新驅(qū)動(dòng)作為其發(fā)展途徑與目標(biāo),以搶占“經(jīng)濟(jì)”和“技術(shù)”的制高點(diǎn),爭(zhēng)取主動(dòng)權(quán)。世界經(jīng)濟(jì)論壇發(fā)布的《國(guó)際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力報(bào)告》顯示,當(dāng)前我國(guó)還處于效率驅(qū)動(dòng)階段,還未進(jìn)入到創(chuàng)新驅(qū)動(dòng)階段。國(guó)內(nèi)眾多學(xué)者的研究也表明與芬蘭、瑞士和新加坡等典型創(chuàng)新型國(guó)家相比,我國(guó)創(chuàng)新效率較低,創(chuàng)新能力亟待提升。 國(guó)家創(chuàng)新能力不僅影響了一個(gè)國(guó)家產(chǎn)業(yè)的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力而且決定了一個(gè)國(guó)家未來(lái)發(fā)展?jié)摿ΑＲ栽黾涌萍纪度胱鳛樘嵘齽?chuàng)新能力的有效方法和手段,近三十年來(lái)我國(guó)科技投入不斷加強(qiáng),研發(fā)總支出近十年以年均20%的速度在增長(zhǎng),RD人員全時(shí)當(dāng)量平均增長(zhǎng)速度也超過(guò)了10%。但長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)我國(guó)創(chuàng)新資源分散、重復(fù)以及使用效率不高等因素等制約著我國(guó)創(chuàng)新能力的提升,造成了科技投入與國(guó)家創(chuàng)新能力增長(zhǎng)速度不匹配的現(xiàn)象。在這樣的形式之下,我們必須探明我國(guó)科技資源的配置現(xiàn)狀以及不同的科技資源通過(guò)不同的形式投入到不同科研主體上的使用效率。 以專(zhuān)利申請(qǐng)數(shù)量和新產(chǎn)品銷(xiāo)售收入為國(guó)家創(chuàng)新能力的表征要素,采用系統(tǒng)動(dòng)力學(xué)的方法建立了科技投入對(duì)國(guó)家創(chuàng)新能力提升機(jī)制的仿真模型。通過(guò)Vensim PLE軟件對(duì)系統(tǒng)內(nèi)科技資金、人員和政策的變動(dòng)以及企業(yè)、科研機(jī)構(gòu)和高校三大科研主體間資金和人員流動(dòng)對(duì)國(guó)家創(chuàng)新能力的影響進(jìn)行了模擬,揭示了不同形式和來(lái)源的科技投入對(duì)國(guó)家創(chuàng)新能力的作用途徑和效果。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)：(1)科研資金在配置過(guò)程中向高校傾斜,科研人員在配置過(guò)程中向高校和企業(yè)傾斜更有利于提升國(guó)家創(chuàng)新能力；(2)從科技政策來(lái)看,加大專(zhuān)利保護(hù)強(qiáng)度和教育投入都能有效地提升國(guó)家創(chuàng)新能力。 對(duì)于資源配置效率的研究結(jié)果表明,當(dāng)前我國(guó)的科技資源配置并非最優(yōu)狀態(tài)。由于國(guó)家創(chuàng)新系統(tǒng)的復(fù)雜性與參與主體的多元性,要完成科技資源在投入形式上的重新組合和在參與主體間的重新調(diào)配,必須依賴(lài)于一種新的創(chuàng)新模式——協(xié)同創(chuàng)新。將協(xié)同理論與創(chuàng)新理論相結(jié)合,以找到一種可以有效實(shí)現(xiàn)科技資源在我國(guó)創(chuàng)新主體間重新分配的可能性。并在此基礎(chǔ)上建立相應(yīng)的運(yùn)行機(jī)制,為我國(guó)從優(yōu)化科技資源配置的角度實(shí)施協(xié)同創(chuàng)新提供參考依據(jù)。 本文的研究將從相關(guān)的理論研究出發(fā),結(jié)合對(duì)我國(guó)實(shí)際情況的分析,從實(shí)際需求的角度結(jié)合理論研究尋找具有現(xiàn)實(shí)意義的優(yōu)化路徑與方法。研究結(jié)果對(duì)于我國(guó)創(chuàng)新系統(tǒng)的建設(shè)和協(xié)同創(chuàng)新活動(dòng)的開(kāi)展具有一定的借鑒意義和價(jià)值。在此背景之下,從創(chuàng)新資源對(duì)國(guó)家創(chuàng)新能力提升效率出發(fā),優(yōu)化資源配置對(duì)于加速我國(guó)創(chuàng)新系統(tǒng)建設(shè),實(shí)施創(chuàng)新驅(qū)動(dòng)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略具有重要意義。
[Abstract]:With the in-depth development of economic globalization and the initial formation of knowledge economy, innovation drive has become a global consensus. In order to seize the commanding heights of "economy" and "technology", many countries take practice innovation drive as their development path and target, and strive for initiative. The report on International Competitiveness issued by the World Economic Forum shows that China is still in the stage of efficiency-driven and has not yet entered the stage of innovation-driven. Compared with the typical innovative countries such as Finland, Switzerland and Singapore, the innovation efficiency of our country is lower, and the innovation ability needs to be improved urgently in comparison with the typical innovation countries such as Finland, Switzerland and Singapore. National innovation ability not only affects the competitiveness of a country's industry, but also determines a country's future development potential. With increasing investment in science and technology as an effective way and means to enhance innovation capacity, China's investment in science and technology has been continuously strengthened over the past three decades, and total R & D expenditure has been increasing at an average annual rate of 20% in the last decade. The full-time equivalent of RD personnel also grew at an average rate of more than 10%. However, for a long time, the decentralization, repetition and inefficient use of innovation resources in our country restrict the improvement of innovation ability in our country, which leads to the mismatch between the investment in science and technology and the growth rate of national innovation ability. Under such a form, we must find out the present situation of the allocation of scientific and technological resources in China and the efficiency of different scientific and technological resources put into different scientific research subjects through different forms. Taking the quantity of patent application and the sales income of new products as the key factors of national innovation ability, the simulation model of the promotion mechanism of science and technology input to national innovation ability is established by using the method of system dynamics. Through Vensim PLE software, this paper simulates the changes of scientific and technological funds, personnel and policies in the system, as well as the influence of funds and personnel flows among the three major scientific research subjects, enterprises, scientific research institutions and universities, on the national innovation ability. It reveals the ways and effects of different forms and sources of investment in science and technology on the national innovation ability. It is found that: (1) in the process of allocation, scientific research funds are inclined to colleges and universities, and researchers in the process of allocation are more conducive to the promotion of national innovation ability; (2) from the point of view of science and technology policy, increasing the intensity of patent protection and investment in education can effectively enhance the national innovation ability. The results of the research on the efficiency of resource allocation show that the allocation of scientific and technological resources in China is not the optimal state. Because of the complexity of the national innovation system and the diversity of the participants, it is necessary to rely on a new innovation mode-collaborative innovation to complete the re-combination of scientific and technological resources in the form of input and the re-allocation among the participants. In order to find a possibility of reallocating scientific and technological resources among innovation subjects in China, we combine synergy theory with innovation theory in order to find out a possibility of redistributing scientific and technological resources among innovation subjects in our country. On this basis, the corresponding operation mechanism is established to provide reference for the implementation of collaborative innovation from the point of view of optimizing the allocation of scientific and technological resources in China. The research of this paper will start from the related theoretical research, combine the analysis of the actual situation of our country, combine the theoretical research from the point of view of the actual demand to find the realistic optimization path and method. The research results have certain reference significance and value for the construction of innovation system and the development of collaborative innovation activities in China. Under this background, it is of great significance to optimize the allocation of resources to accelerate the construction of innovation system and implement the innovation-driven development strategy from the point of view of improving the efficiency of innovation resources to the national innovation ability.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：陜西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：G322;F124.3
本文編號(hào)：2440573
[Abstract]:With the in-depth development of economic globalization and the initial formation of knowledge economy, innovation drive has become a global consensus. In order to seize the commanding heights of "economy" and "technology", many countries take practice innovation drive as their development path and target, and strive for initiative. The report on International Competitiveness issued by the World Economic Forum shows that China is still in the stage of efficiency-driven and has not yet entered the stage of innovation-driven. Compared with the typical innovative countries such as Finland, Switzerland and Singapore, the innovation efficiency of our country is lower, and the innovation ability needs to be improved urgently in comparison with the typical innovation countries such as Finland, Switzerland and Singapore. National innovation ability not only affects the competitiveness of a country's industry, but also determines a country's future development potential. With increasing investment in science and technology as an effective way and means to enhance innovation capacity, China's investment in science and technology has been continuously strengthened over the past three decades, and total R & D expenditure has been increasing at an average annual rate of 20% in the last decade. The full-time equivalent of RD personnel also grew at an average rate of more than 10%. However, for a long time, the decentralization, repetition and inefficient use of innovation resources in our country restrict the improvement of innovation ability in our country, which leads to the mismatch between the investment in science and technology and the growth rate of national innovation ability. Under such a form, we must find out the present situation of the allocation of scientific and technological resources in China and the efficiency of different scientific and technological resources put into different scientific research subjects through different forms. Taking the quantity of patent application and the sales income of new products as the key factors of national innovation ability, the simulation model of the promotion mechanism of science and technology input to national innovation ability is established by using the method of system dynamics. Through Vensim PLE software, this paper simulates the changes of scientific and technological funds, personnel and policies in the system, as well as the influence of funds and personnel flows among the three major scientific research subjects, enterprises, scientific research institutions and universities, on the national innovation ability. It reveals the ways and effects of different forms and sources of investment in science and technology on the national innovation ability. It is found that: (1) in the process of allocation, scientific research funds are inclined to colleges and universities, and researchers in the process of allocation are more conducive to the promotion of national innovation ability; (2) from the point of view of science and technology policy, increasing the intensity of patent protection and investment in education can effectively enhance the national innovation ability. The results of the research on the efficiency of resource allocation show that the allocation of scientific and technological resources in China is not the optimal state. Because of the complexity of the national innovation system and the diversity of the participants, it is necessary to rely on a new innovation mode-collaborative innovation to complete the re-combination of scientific and technological resources in the form of input and the re-allocation among the participants. In order to find a possibility of reallocating scientific and technological resources among innovation subjects in China, we combine synergy theory with innovation theory in order to find out a possibility of redistributing scientific and technological resources among innovation subjects in our country. On this basis, the corresponding operation mechanism is established to provide reference for the implementation of collaborative innovation from the point of view of optimizing the allocation of scientific and technological resources in China. The research of this paper will start from the related theoretical research, combine the analysis of the actual situation of our country, combine the theoretical research from the point of view of the actual demand to find the realistic optimization path and method. The research results have certain reference significance and value for the construction of innovation system and the development of collaborative innovation activities in China. Under this background, it is of great significance to optimize the allocation of resources to accelerate the construction of innovation system and implement the innovation-driven development strategy from the point of view of improving the efficiency of innovation resources to the national innovation ability.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：陜西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：G322;F124.3
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