【摘要】：中國正在進(jìn)入“風(fēng)險(xiǎn)社會(huì)”時(shí)代,如何應(yīng)對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)和科技高速發(fā)展及全球化所帶來的威脅或危機(jī),正逐漸成為當(dāng)代中國現(xiàn)代化進(jìn)程中的主要矛盾之一。在深入了解和應(yīng)對(duì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)社會(huì)的過程中,人們逐漸意識(shí)到科學(xué)不僅是定義風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的媒介,同樣也是解決風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的資源。在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)社會(huì)中,建立科學(xué)有效的科技傳播體系和機(jī)制非常重要,科技傳播應(yīng)當(dāng)發(fā)揮“幫助人們消除現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中的不確定性、科學(xué)應(yīng)對(duì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)”的重要作用。 然而在中國,一方面科技傳播的發(fā)展時(shí)間短,存在諸多問題；另一方面,僅用了三十年左右的時(shí)間就完成了西方近百年才完成的現(xiàn)代化建設(shè),壓縮的現(xiàn)代化進(jìn)程使得各種風(fēng)險(xiǎn)來勢(shì)更兇,傳統(tǒng)科技傳播在應(yīng)對(duì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的過程中常顯得力有不逮。因此,很有必要結(jié)合風(fēng)險(xiǎn)社會(huì)和科技傳播的相關(guān)理論和實(shí)踐,研究當(dāng)代中國在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)社會(huì)視角下科技傳播出現(xiàn)的新變化和新特征,探討其存在的問題和原因,并嘗試總結(jié)出理論原則和應(yīng)對(duì)策略,以期能充分發(fā)揮中國科技傳播的社會(huì)功能,為科學(xué)應(yīng)對(duì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)提供策略參考。 為達(dá)到上述目標(biāo),本文在研究過程中立足于風(fēng)險(xiǎn)社會(huì)理論和傳播學(xué)理論、新聞學(xué)理論,結(jié)合中國科技傳播的實(shí)踐,通過審視風(fēng)險(xiǎn)社會(huì)與科技傳播之間的辯證關(guān)系,進(jìn)而提出風(fēng)險(xiǎn)社會(huì)下中國科技傳播的改進(jìn)策略。 首先,本文系統(tǒng)闡釋了風(fēng)險(xiǎn)社會(huì)理論和科技傳播理論,闡析了風(fēng)險(xiǎn)社會(huì)與科學(xué)技術(shù)發(fā)展之間的關(guān)系,闡析了風(fēng)險(xiǎn)社會(huì)和科技傳播的相互作用和關(guān)系,并提出了科技傳播在應(yīng)對(duì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)社會(huì)中的重要作用,明確了科技傳播作為當(dāng)代科技信息交流的一種主要手段,是化解與消除科技風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的良好途徑。然后,本文結(jié)合了大量的現(xiàn)實(shí)案例(如“PM2.5事件”),系統(tǒng)闡釋了風(fēng)險(xiǎn)社會(huì)下科技傳播的新變化和新特征；然后,本文立足風(fēng)險(xiǎn)社會(huì)理論和科技傳播理論,對(duì)中國科技傳播存在的“制度化風(fēng)險(xiǎn)”、“科技傳播者和受眾矛盾凸顯”以及“大眾科技傳播媒介改革滯后”等幾方面問題進(jìn)行了較深入的解析。并結(jié)合中國科技傳播的實(shí)際狀況,分別從“構(gòu)建負(fù)責(zé)任的國家科技傳播體系”、“提升科技傳播者和受眾的科學(xué)素養(yǎng)”以及“建設(shè)快速反應(yīng)的大眾科技媒介”等幾個(gè)層面,為風(fēng)險(xiǎn)社會(huì)下中國科技傳播的未來發(fā)展提出了改進(jìn)策略。
[Abstract]:China is entering the era of "risk society". How to deal with the threat or crisis brought by the rapid development of economy, science and technology and globalization is gradually becoming one of the main contradictions in the process of modern China's modernization. In the process of deeply understanding and coping with risk society, people gradually realize that science is not only the medium of defining risk, but also the resource to solve risk. In a risky society, it is very important to establish a scientific and effective system and mechanism of science and technology communication, which should play an important role in helping people eliminate uncertainty in real life and deal with risks scientifically. However, in China, on the one hand, the development time of science and technology dissemination is short, and there are many problems; on the other hand, it took only about 30 years to complete the modernization drive in the West, which took nearly a hundred years to complete. The compressed process of modernization makes all kinds of risks come more fierce. Traditional science and technology communication often appears to be powerless in the process of dealing with the risks. Therefore, it is necessary to combine the theory and practice of risk society and science and technology communication, to study the new changes and new characteristics of science and technology communication in contemporary China in the perspective of risk society, and to discuss the existing problems and reasons. The author tries to sum up the theoretical principles and coping strategies in order to give full play to the social function of Chinese science and technology communication and to provide a strategic reference for the scientific response to risks. In order to achieve the above goal, this paper bases itself on the theory of risk society, communication theory, journalism theory and the practice of science and technology communication in China, by examining the dialectical relationship between risk society and science and technology communication. And then put forward the improvement strategy of Chinese science and technology communication under the risk society. First of all, this paper systematically explains the theory of risk society and the theory of science and technology communication, analyzes the relationship between the risk society and the development of science and technology, and illustrates the interaction and relationship between the risk society and the communication of science and technology. It also points out the important role of science and technology communication in dealing with the risk society, and clarifies that science and technology communication, as a main means of contemporary scientific and technological information exchange, is a good way to resolve and eliminate the scientific and technological risks. Then, combining with a large number of real cases (such as "PM2.5 event"), this paper systematically explains the new changes and new characteristics of science and technology communication under the risk society, and then, based on the theory of risk society and the theory of science and technology communication, this paper bases on the theory of risk society and the theory of science and technology communication. This paper makes a deep analysis of the "institutional risk", "the contradiction between the communicator and the audience" and "the lag of the mass media reform" in China's science and technology communication. Combined with the actual situation of China's science and technology communication, from the aspects of "building a responsible national science and technology communication system", "enhancing the scientific literacy of science and technology communicators and audiences" and "building a rapid response mass scientific and technological medium," This paper puts forward the improvement strategy for the future development of Chinese science and technology communication under the risk society.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：G206;G322

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